Bechoros 6:4 - 6:5

חוטמו שניקב וכו' – and this is where the outer partitions/walls of the nose were perforated, that the perforation is seen from the outside. But [if] it is not seen other than from inside, as for example, when the partition that divides the nose was perforated, it is not a blemish, for it is secret, and we derive from [the principle] of a generalization and a specification, that we require blemishes that are revealed [in the open].

שנפגם – and it has something missing/lacking.

שנסדק – but there is nothing lacking/missing. And the measurement of the notch/incision, in order that the fingernail can encircle it.

שפתו – the outer row/line of the lip [of the firstling], meaning to say, the outer point/thin part.

חיטיו החיצונות – the teeth that are in the middle of the mouth.

שנפגמו – that are missing.

נגממו (incisors are broken off/levelled with the gums) – squashed beyond recognition -, and there doesn’t remain from them other than a small mark/trace, and they don’t protrude like they are accustomed to be.

הפנימיות – the large teeth that we call MASHILASH, that were completely uprooted. But if they were damaged or worn down/levelled, it is not a blemish.

אין בודקין את המתאימות ולפנים – the large teeth that one appears like two [teeth] and are made like twins. From there and inward it is not considered a blemish because it is in secret. But they themselves, when they were uprooted, are not a blemish. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Hananiah (Hanina in the Mishnah) ben Antigonus.

זובן (bag which contains a male animal’s membrum) – the case/casket that the sinew of the cattle is hidden/covered in). When it is damaged/mutilated, it is a blemish because it does not return healthy, but if it was removed it is not a blemish, for it returns to its normal condition.

עריה של נקבה (genitals of a female animal) – pudenda that protrudes outward and appears on the rest of the area of the body.

במוקדשים – in the rest of Holy Things that have in them female [animals] as for example, peace offerings, for whereas regarding the firstling, there isn’t a female.

אבל לא מן הפרק (but not at the joint) – that is damaged between the joints a long ascent, when all of the tail has not been severed.

או שהיה ראש הזנב מפציל את עצם – the head of the tail is suspended below, the flesh and skin is peeled and the boney remains uncovered, it still is not a long ascent, since it is the head of the vone.

מפציל – that it was peeled/split off. Another explanation- that the tail was divided at its end to two tails and there is a bone in each of them.

ובין חוליא לחוליא מלוא אצבע – that the vertebrae/links of the tail are far from each other, the distance of a finger’s breadth, which is the width of a thumb.