Bechoros 6:2 - 6:3

ריס של עין- the eyelid of the eye.

הרי בעיניו – that is to say, behold that there is in his eyes.

דק (cataract; veiled or withered spot in the eye) – TILA in the foreign language.

חלזון, נחש – that is an eye-disease, also called נחש (see Talmud Bekhorot 38b), and we call it NAHASH for it is made striped like a snake. And it is additional flesh that is stretched and covers part of the black that is I the eye, and we call it TIFRA in Arabic, like we call the fingernail TIFRA, because it covers the eye in the manner that the fingernail covers the flesh of the finger.

עינב (growth on the eye) – that there is in his eye like the berry/grain of a growth.

לבן הפוסק בסירא – SIRA/thorn that is a line that is in the eye around the black that from which the vision of the eye comes. But if a white thread comes out from the white that is in the eye and breaks through a line and enters into the black, this is a blemish.

שחור ונכנס בלבן – if one black thread comes out from the black that is in the eye and breaks through the thorn, and enters into the white [of the eye].

אינו מום שאין מומין בלבן – for it is not the eye, but rather the fat of the eye.

חורוד (white spots on the cornea/cataract) – like white drops on the eye. The Aramaic translation of white is חיור/white.

והמים (rheum)– that descends into the eye and prevents the seeing.

הקבועים – it refers to both, to the white spots on the cornea and the water/rheum.

בודקין אותו שלשה פעמים בתוך שמונים יום – on every twenty-seven days which is one-third of the time of eighty days, approximately, we examine it if the cataract/white spots on the cornea went away. And if it it went away, even though it returned, we count eighty days from the day that it returned, for it isn’t lasting white spots on the cornea/cataracts until it stands for eight days. But if he did not examine it within the eighty [days], even though the cataracts/white spots on the cornea are found there on the eightieth day, it is not a blemish, lest in the meanwhile, it went away and then returned. And the Halakha is according to Rabbi Hanina ben Antigonus.

אלו הן מהם הקבועים – meaning to say, how do we know if it lasting or transitory?

אכל לח ויבש של גשמים – if they fed it straw and leeks for medicinal purposes that we call FINEO in the foreign language.

לח – that grows in Adar and half of Nisan.

ויבש- that grows in Elul and half of Tishrei.

של גשמים – that is that grew in a field sufficiently watered by rain and requiring no artificial irrigation. But our Mishnah is deficient and should be read as follows (see Talmud Bekhorot 38b): If it ate moist (i.e., that grew during Adar and half of Nisan) and dry (i.e., that grew during Elul and half of Tishrei) of a field regarding a field naturally watered by rain, it is a blemish; if it was a field requiring irrigation, it is not a blemish. But if it is a field naturally water by rain, [if] it ate dry (i.e., that grew during Elul and half of Tishrei) and afterwards, it ate moist (i.e., that which grew during Adar and half of Nisan) it is not a blemish until it would eat dry (i.e., that which grew during Elul and half of Tishrei) after that which is moist (i.e., that which grew during Adar and half of Nisan).

של בית השלחין - land that requires watering it is not for medicinal purposes, and we don’t examine it.

אכל יבש ואחר כך לח- for medicinal purposes, this is not its cure, and even though he was not cured through it, it is not a blemish.

עד שיאכל יבש אחר הלח – this is the manner of his cure, straw and leeks that grow in Adar and half of Nisan, we feed it during Adar and half of Nisan, but straw and leeks that grew in Elul and half of Tishrei, we feed it in Elul and half of Tishrei. For we don’t slaughter it until all the days of the summer have passed and we examine it at both times, and if it was not cured, it is a blemish, and it (i.e., the animal) needs to eat from them no less than a dried fig during each and every meal all three months at the beginning of the meal and after it drank, and it would not be tied at the time that it eats these grasses for medicinal purposes, and there wouldn’t be an individual [animal] but with its fellows, in the field and not within the city. And if it fulfilled all of these conditions and was not cured, it is a blemish and we slaughter it.