Shabbos 23:3 - 23:4

לא ישכור אדם פועלים – as it is written (Isaiah 58:13): “Nor look to your affairs, nor strike bargains.”

ולא יאמר אדם לחבירו וכו' – it was taken for an implied opinion/deduction that he should not say to his fellow: “hire for us workers,” but he says to him: “that it appears that you will stand with me this eening, that is to say, now it appears that if you come to me when it gets dark, and even though that both of them know that on the condition of hiring him for his work he warns him, since he does not spell out his salary explicitly, it is permitted, for we hold that loud recitation is prohibited, but thinking/fantasizing is permitted (on the Sabbath).

אין מחשיכין על התחם – to draw himself close on the Sabbath to the place within which is it is permitted to move (i.e., the Sabbath limits) until the end of the limit and to make preparations to be ready for work on the exit of the Sabbath there that he will be close to the place of the workers or to the orchard to bring fruit, for everything that is prohibited to do on the Sabbath, it is prohibited to make preparations to be ready for work on the exit of the Sabbath but he can make preparations to be close to go out and guard his fruits for this is something that is permitted to do on the Sabbath to guard/watch his fruits.

ומביא פירות בידו – since the essence of this thinking was not for this.

כלל אמר אבא שאול – He disputes the First Teacher [of our Mishnah] that prohibited all preparations to be ready for work on the exit of the Sabbath, but he doesn’t make a distinction between preparations to be ready for work on the exit of the Sabbath of a commandment and something that is optional, and he comes and states that preparations to be ready for work on the exit of the Sabbath is permitted for just as it is permitted to tell his fellow on the Sabbath that he should be designated to go after dark to bring a coffin and shrouds for the dead person, so too, it is permitted to be make preparations to be ready for work on the exit of the Sabbath in order that he will be designated after dark to bring the coffin and shrouds – and at the end of the Mishnah as it is taught: we can make preparations to be ready for work on the exit of the Sabbath to watch over the affairs of a bride and on the affairs of the dead. This is the opinion of Abba Shaul and the Halakha is according to him.

לפקח על עסי כלה – to look out for and research the needs of he bride.

חלילין – a hollowed musical instrument whose sound gives rise to crying.

לא יספוד בהן ישראל – it is fine because he matter is proved that they were brought for Jews.

אלא א"כ באו ממקום קרוב – other than if it is known to us clearly that they came from a place within the Sabbath limit, and that they were not brought from outside the Sabbath limit.

ארון – for himself that he will bury in it an idolater or to sell it.