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Today's Mishnah Yomi

Niddah 7:3 - 7:4

The Mishnah Yomi for Saturday, June 19, 2027 is Niddah 7:3 - 7:4

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Mishnah 1

Mishnayos Niddah Perek 7 Mishnah 3

נדה פרק ז׳ משנה ג׳

3
Any blood stains on garments that come from the town of Rekem are ritually pure, as most of the residents there are gentiles, and the blood stains of gentile women are not ritually impure. Rabbi Yehuda deems those stains impure because in his opinion the residents of Rekem are not gentiles; rather, they are converts whose halakhic status is that of Jews, but they are misguided and do not put away their bloodstained garments. The blood stains on garments that come from among the gentiles are ritually pure. With regard to blood stains on garments that come from among the Jews and from among the Samaritans, Rabbi Meir deems them impure, as they may have come from the Jews. And the Rabbis deem them ritually pure due to the fact that Jews are not suspected of failing to put away their garments on which there are blood stains.
כָּל הַכְּתָמִין הַבָּאִים מֵרֶקֶם, טְהוֹרִין. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה מְטַמֵּא, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהֵם גֵּרִים וְטוֹעִין. הַבָּאִין מִבֵּין הַגּוֹיִם, טְהוֹרִין. מִבֵּין יִשְׂרָאֵל וּמִבֵּין הַכּוּתִים, רַבִּי מֵאִיר מְטַמֵּא. וַחֲכָמִים מְטַהֲרִין, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁלֹּא נֶחְשְׁדוּ עַל כִּתְמֵיהֶן:
ג׳

כל הבאים מרקם – (see Tractate Gittin, Chapter 1, Mishnayot 1-2) – that they are heathens and their blood is pure. But even though the Rabbis decreed on the heathens that they would be like those with gonorrhea/flux for all their matters, they did not make this decree on their bloodstains.

מרקם – between Kadesh and Shur, and we translate in Aramaic: between Rekem and Hagra (a town and province in the desert of Shur).

שהן גרים- and their blood is impure.

וטועים – meaning to say, that they are not that chaste/modest, and they don’t hide their bloodstains. Therefore, we are concerned lest the bloodstains of women [indicate] that they are menstruating/Niddah.

הבאים מבין הגויים טהורים- that the Rabbis did not decree on their bloodstains, since their blood is certainly pure from the Torah.

מבין ישראל ומבין הכותים ר' מאיר מטמא - Our Mishnah is deficient and should be read as follows: From those among the Israelites and the Cutheans are unclean/impure, for Cutheans are true converts and their blood is unclean/impure. Bloodstains that are found in the cities of Israel, that is in an open place are pure, for they are not suspected on their bloodstains and they certainly are reserved/private. Those that are found in Cuthean cities – Rabbi Meir defiles as the Cutheans were suspect on their bloodstains. But the Sages declare pure, for they were not suspected on their bloodstains and were modest/reserved, and we attach/assign this bloodstain to the blood of a wild beast or animal, for if it had been the blood of a menstruating woman, it would not be found in an open/revealed place, for they also are modest/refined like Israel. And the Halakha was already decided for at this time period, they (i.e., the Rabbis) decreed regarding the Cutheans to be considered as heathens for all their matters, and their bloodstains are pure like the bloodstains of heathens.

הבאים מרקם. שהן נכרים ודמן טהור. ואע״ג דרבנן גזרו על הנכרים שיהיו כזבים לכל דבריהם, על כתמיהם לא גזרו:

מרקם. בין קדש ובין שור, מתרגמינן בין רקם ובין חגרא:

שהן גרים. ודמן טמא:

וטועים. כלומר, לא צניעי כולי האי, ואין מצניעים את כתמיהן, הלכך חיישינן שמא כתמים של אשה נדה הן:

הבאים מבין הגויים טהורים. דלא גזרו רבנן על כתמיהן, כיון דדמן ודאי טהור מן התורה:

מבין ישראל ומבין הכותים ר׳ מאיר מטמא. מתניתין חסורי מחסרא והכי קתני, מבין ישראל ומבין הכותים, טמאים, דכותים גרי אמת הן ודמן טמא. כתמים הנמצאים בערי ישראל דהיינו במקום גלוי, טהורים, דלא נחשדו על כתמיהן ואצנועי מצנעי להו. הנמצאין בערי כותים, ר׳ מאיר מטמא, דכותים נחשדו על כתמיהן. וחכמים מטהרים, שלא נחשדו על כתמיהן ומצנעי להו, ותלינן להאי כתם בדם חיה או בהמה, דאילו דם אשה נדה, לא היה נמצא במקום גלוי, דאינהו נמי מצנעו להו כישראל. וכבר נפסקה ההלכה דבזמן הזה גזרו על כותים להיות כנכרים לכל דבריהם, וכתמיהן טהורים ככתמי הנכרים:

Mishnah 2

Mishnayos Niddah Perek 7 Mishnah 4

נדה פרק ז׳ משנה ד׳

4
All blood stains on garments that are found anywhere where Jews and gentiles reside are ritually pure, since they must not belong to Jews, who put away their stained garments. This is the halakha except for the stained garments that are found in the inner rooms of the house, as these might be garments that the Jews put away there; and except for the stained garments found in proximity to the house of impurity, i.e., the room that women used when they were impure due to menstruation. The house of impurity of Samaritans imparts the impurity that is imparted by a corpse by means of a tent, due to the fact that they bury the stillborn children there. Rabbi Yehuda says: The house of impurity of Samaritans does not impart that impurity, as they would not bury a stillborn child there. Rather, they would cast it outside and an animal would drag it away.
כָּל הַכְּתָמִים הַנִּמְצְאִים בְּכָל מָקוֹם, טְהוֹרִין, חוּץ מִן הַנִּמְצְאִים בַּחֲדָרִים וּבִסְבִיבוֹת בֵּית הַטֻּמְאוֹת. בֵּית הַטֻּמְאוֹת שֶׁל כּוּתִים מְטַמְּאִין בְּאֹהֶל, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהֵם קוֹבְרִין שָׁם אֶת הַנְּפָלִים. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, לֹא הָיוּ קוֹבְרִין אֶלָּא מַשְׁלִיכִין, וְחַיָּה גוֹרַרְתָּן:
ד׳

בכל מקום – in an Israelite place.

טהורים – that their presumption is that they are not from the blood of a menstruating woman/Niddah, for they are modest/chaste.

בית הטומאות – the room that the woman use during the days of their menstruation.

קוברין שם – according to hour, in order that they can remove them for another time. And because we don’t know if they removed them or not, they defile in the tent through overshadowing.

בכל מקום. במקום ישראל:

טהורים. שחזקתן אינן מדם נדה, דאצנועי מצנעי להו:

בית הטומאות. חדר שהנשים משתמשות בו בימי נדותן:

קוברין שם. לפי שעה, כדי שיסלקו אותן לאחר זמן. ולפי שאין אנו יודעין אם הסירו אותן אם לאו, מטמאים באוהל:

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