Today's Mishnah Yomi
Kesuvos 8:8 - 9:1
The Mishnah Yomi for Friday, February 2, 2024 is Kesuvos 8:8 - 9:1
Mishnah 1
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Mishnayos Kesuvos Perek 8 Mishnah 8
כתובות פרק ח׳ משנה ח׳
Bartenura
כל נכסיו. שירש מאחיו, אחראין לכתובתה:
גירשה אין לה אלא כתובה. אבל כל זמן שלא גירש היו כל הנכסים משועבדים לה:
הרי היא ככל הנשים. שהמגרש את אשתו ומחזירה, על מנת כתובה הראשונה החזירה. ואצטריך לאשמועינן הא ביבמה, דלא תימא אשתו היא דאיהו כתב לה כתובה מממונו, אבל יבמתו דלאו איהו כתב לה אלא נכסי בעלה הראשון הוא דהוו אחראין וערבאין, היכא דגרשה ואהדרה אימא כתובתה מיניה, קמשמע לן:
Mishnah 2
Mishnayos Kesuvos Perek 9 Mishnah 1
כתובות פרק ט׳ משנה א׳
Bartenura
הכותב לאשתו דין ודברים אין לי בנכסיך – while she still is betrothed, he (i.e., the future husband) writes her: “When you marry me, I have [no] claims whatsoever on your property,” even though they were not acquired from him , she an sell them and give them and her sale is valid , for an inheritance that comes to a person of from another place, a man may make a condition upon her that she will not inherit it, and if they acquired I from her, even after she has married, her sale is valid, but he consumes the usufruct, and if she dies, he inherits her, for that is the implication of: “I have no claims on your property,” but their usufruct, I have a claim and as long as they are your property while you are alive, I have no claim on them – but after death, I have a claim on them.
רבי יהודה אומר לעולם הוא אוכל פירי פירות – In the Gemara (Tractate Ketubot 83b), it explains what is usufruct and what is usufruct of the usufruct (i.e., produce vs. yield of the produce)? If she brought in [to the marriage] land and it produced fruit/usufruct, these are usufruct. If he sold these fruits/usufruct and purchased with them fields and they produced fruit/usufruct, these are yield of the produce/usufruct of the usufruct. And when he said to her, I have no claim against your property and their usufruct alone, he can consume the usufruct of the usufruct , according to the words of Rabbi Yehuda, he did not remove himself other than from the usufruct/produce alone and the Halakha is according to Rabbi Yehuda.
רשב"ג אומר אם מתה יירשנה מפני שמתנה על מה שכתוב בתורה – as it is written (Numbers 27:11): “[If his father had no brothers, you shall assign his property to his nearest relative in his own clan,] and he shall inherit it.” From here [we learn] that the husband inherits his wife, but the final result of the matter is that the inheriting of wife by her husband is not from the Torah, but rather from the Rabbis, and the Biblical verse is a mere support, but nevertheless, the Halakha is according to Rabban Shimon ben Gamaliel not because it makes a condition against what is written in the Torah, but rather because the Sages made it stringent measure for the protection of the law (i.e., the Written Torah).
הכותב לאשתו דין ודברים אין לי בנכסיך. בעודה ארוסה כותב לה, לכשתנשאי לי דין ודברים אין לי בנכסיך. אע״ג דלא קנו מיניה, מוכרת ונותנת ומכרה קיים, שנחלה הבאה לאדם ממקום אחר אדם מתנה עליה שלא יירשנה. ואי קנו מיניה, אפילו לאחר שנישאת מכרה קיים, אבל פירות אוכל, ואם מתה יורשה, דהכי משמע, בנכסיך אין לי דין אבל בפירותיהן יש לי דין, וכל זמן שהן נכסיך שאת בחיים אין לי דין ודברים בהם, הא לאחר מיתה יש לי בהם דין ודברים:
רבי יהודה אומר לעולם הוא אוכל פירי פירות. בגמרא מפרש אלו הן פירות ואלו הן פירי פירות, הכניסה לו קרקע ועשתה פירות אלו הן פירות, מכר אלו הפירות ולקח בהן קרקע ועשתה פירות הרי הן פירי פירות. וכשאמר לה דין ודברים אין לי בנכסיך ובפירותיהן בלבד, אוכל פירי פירות לדברי ר׳ יהודה, דהא לא סליק נפשיה אלא מן הפירות בלבד. והלכה כר״י:
רשב״ג אומר אם מתה יירשנה מפני שהתנה על מה שכתוב בתורה. דכתיב (במדבר כ״ז:י״א) וירש אותה, מכאן שהבעל יורש את אשתו אבל מסקנא דמלתא, שירושת הבעל את אשתו אינו מן התורה אלא מדרבנן, וקרא אסמכתא בעלמא. ואף על פי כן הלכה כרשב״ג לא מפני שמתנה על מה שכתוב בתורה אלא שחכמים עשו לה חיזוק כשל תורה:
Mishnah Yomi FAQ
What is Mishnah Yomi?
Mishnah Yomi is a daily study program where participants study two mishnayot (individual teachings from the Mishnah) every day. By following this program, one can complete the entire Mishnah in about six years.
What is the Mishnah?
The Mishnah is the first major written collection of Jewish oral traditions, forming the basis of the Talmud. It dates back to around 200 CE and consists of teachings and discussions of Jewish law by various rabbis.
Who started the Mishnah Yomi program?
In 1934, the Kozoglover Gaon, Rav Aryeh Tzvi Frommer, who took over from Rav Meir Shapiro (the founder of Daf Yomi) as the head of Yeshivas Chachmei Lublin, initiated the Mishnah Yomi cycle, focusing on Seder Zeraim and Seder Taharos. After World War II, in 1947, Rav Yonah Sztencl, a disciple of Rav Frommer, expanded the program, advocating for a comprehensive study of Shishah Sidrei Mishnah. The idea of studying two Mishnayos daily gained the support of figures like Rav Isser Zalman Meltzer, the Tchebiner Rov, and the Gerer Rebbe, marking the formal inception of Mishnah Yomi.
How long does it take to complete the Mishnah with Mishnah Yomi?
Following the Mishnah Yomi program, one can complete the Mishnah in approximately six years.
Can anyone join Mishnah Yomi?
Yes, anyone interested in studying the Mishnah can start the Mishnah Yomi cycle. There’s no need for prior knowledge; beginners are welcome.
Do I need to know Hebrew to study Mishnah Yomi?
While the Mishnah is originally in Hebrew, there are numerous translations and commentaries available in various languages, making it accessible to anyone interested in studying.
Is there a specific time of day to study Mishnah Yomi?
There’s no designated time. Participants can choose a time that best fits their schedule.
Can I study Mishnah Yomi with a group?
Yes, many communities and synagogues organize group study sessions for Mishnah Yomi. Studying in a group can enhance understanding and foster camaraderie.
What if I miss a day?
If you miss a day, you can catch up by studying the missed mishnayot alongside the current day’s study or by dedicating some extra time until you’re back on track.
כל נכסיו – that he inherited from his brothers is surety for her Ketubah.
גירשה אין לה אלא כתובה – but all the while that he did not divorce [her], all of his proerpty is mortgaged to her.
הרי היא ככל הנשים – for a person who divorces his wife and restored her [as his wife In remarriage] on the condition of her first Ketubah he has remarried her and it is necessary to teach us that regarding the widow of a brother who died without issue that she should not say that she is his wife, for he wrote for her a Ketubah from his money, but his widow of a brother who died without issue, who is not his, he wrote for her other than the property of her first husband, which were pledged and surety when he divorced her and restored her [as his wife]. I might sya this is her Ketubah from her. This comes to teach us that this is not the case.