Mishnayos Zevachim Perek 12 Mishnah 4
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זבחים פרק י"ב משנה ד׳
If any offerings of the most sacred order were disqualified prior to their flaying, their hides do not go to the priests; rather, they are burned together with the flesh in the place of burning. If they were disqualified after their flaying, their hides go to the priests. Rabbi Ḥanina, the deputy High Priest, said: In all my days, I never saw a hide going out to the place of burning. Rabbi Akiva said: From the statement of Rabbi Ḥanina, the deputy High Priest, we learned that in a case where one flays the firstborn offering, and the animal is later discovered to have a wound that would have caused it to die within twelve months [tereifa], the halakha is that the priests may derive benefit [sheye’otu] from its hide. And the Rabbis say: The claim: We did not see, is no proof; rather, if after flaying it is discovered that the animal was unfit before it was flayed, the hide goes out to the place of burning.
כָּל הַקֳּדָשִׁים שֶׁאֵרַע בָּהֶם פְּסוּל קֹדֶם לְהֶפְשֵׁטָן, אֵין עוֹרוֹתֵיהֶם לַכֹּהֲנִים. לְאַחַר הֶפְשֵׁטָן, עוֹרוֹתֵיהֶם לַכֹּהֲנִים. אָמַר רַבִּי חֲנִינָא סְגָן הַכֹּהֲנִים, מִיָּמַי לֹא רָאִיתִי עוֹר יוֹצֵא לְבֵית הַשְּׂרֵפָה. אָמַר רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא, מִדְּבָרָיו לָמַדְנוּ, שֶׁהַמַּפְשִׁיט אֶת הַבְּכוֹר וְנִמְצָא טְרֵפָה, שֶׁיֵּאוֹתוּ הַכֹּהֲנִים בְּעוֹרוֹ. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, אֵין לֹא רָאִינוּ רְאָיָה, אֶלָּא יוֹצֵא לְבֵית הַשְּׂרֵפָה:
Bartenura
אין עורותיהן לכהנים. אלא נשרפים עם עורן:
לא ראיתי עור יוצא לבית השריפה. לאחר שהופשט אם נמצאת טריפה, אע״פ שפסול זה היה בו קודם הפשט, הואיל ולא ניכר עד לאחר הפשט:
שהמפשיט את הבכור ונמצא טריפה. הא קמשמע לן ר׳ עקיבא דאפילו בכור בעל מום הנשחט במדינה על מומו, ולא התירו הכתוב אלא באכילה כדכתיב בשעריך תאכלנו, אבל אם מת עורו אסור וטעון קבורה, ואשמועינן ר״ע דהיכא דלא הוכר טריפתו עד לאחר הפשטו, שרייה שחיטתו והפשטו לעורו, כאילו נזרק דמו במקדש:
יאותו הכהנים בעורו. ואינו נשרף:
אין לא ראינו ראיה. שמא לא אירע בימיו שימצא טריפה לאחר הפשט, ואם אירע ושרפוהו הוא לא ראה:
אלא יצא לבית השריפה. הואיל וקודם הפשט בא. והלכה כר׳ עקיבא בבכור בעל מום כשהתירו מומחה. אבל לא התירו מומחה, לא. והלכה כחכמים בבכור תמים, דבשר בקבורה והעור בשריפה:
אין עורותיהן לכהנים – but rather they are burned with their hides.
לא ראיתי עור יוצא לבית השריפה – after it was flayed, if it was found to be an animal with a condition that would cause it to die within twelve months (i.e., it was found to have been torn by another animal or with a congenital defect or afflicted with a severe organ disease, even though that this disqualification was in it prior to the flaying, but it was not recognized until after it was flayed.
שהמפשיט את הבכור ונמצא טריפה – Rabbi Akiba comes to tell us that even if it was a firstling with a blemish/physical defect that was ritually slaughtered in the country on its blemish, and the Biblical verse did not permit it other than through eating, as it is written (Deuteronomy 15:21-22): [“But if it has a defect, lameness or blindness, any serious defect, you shall not sacrifice it to the LORD your God.] Eat it in your settlements, [the impure among you no less than the pure, just like the gazelle and the deer],” but if it died, its hide is forbidden and it requires burial, and it comes to teach us that where its being afflicted with a severe organ disease/congenital defect/torn by another animal was not recognized until after it was flayed, its ritual slaughter is permitted and its hide is flayed, as if its blood was sprinkled/tossed in the Temple.
יאותו הכהנים בעורו – [the priests may make use of its hide] and it is not burned.
אין לא ראיתי ראיה – for perhaps it did not happen during his life that he would find [the animal’s] severe organ disease/congenital defect/torn by another animal until after it was flaying, and if it happened, and he burned it, he didn’t see it.
אלא יצא לבית השריפה – since but prior to the flaying he came. But the Halakha is according to Rabbi Akiba regarding a firstling with a blemish/physical defect when a specialist permitted it. But not if a specialist did not permit it. But the Halakha is according to the Sages regarding a pure firstling, that the flesh [requires] burial and hide [requires] burning.