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Mishnayos Shabbos Perek 9 Mishnah 1

שבת פרק ט׳ משנה א׳

1

Rabbi Akiva said: From where is it derived that idolatry, e.g., a statue of a deity, transmits impurity imparted by carrying even when the person who carries it does not come into contact with it, just as a menstruating woman does? As it is stated: “And you will defile the silver overlays of your statues, and the golden plating of your idols, you will cast them away as you would a menstruating woman [dava], you will tell it, get out” (Isaiah 30:22). Just as a menstruating woman transmits impurity imparted by carrying, so too, idolatry transmits impurity imparted by carrying.

אָמַר רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא, מִנַּיִן לַעֲבוֹדָה זָרָה שֶׁהִיא מְּטַמְּאָה בְמַשָּׂא כַּנִּדָּה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ישעיה ל) תִּזְרֵם כְּמוֹ דָוָה, צֵא תֹּאמַר לוֹ, מַה נִּדָּה מְטַמְּאָה בְמַשָּׂא, אַף עֲבוֹדָה זָרָה מְטַמְּאָה בְמַשָּׂא:

א׳
Bartenura

אמר ר"ע מנין לעבודת כוכבים שמטמאת במשא – since they are concerned above with an Asmakhta/a scriptural text used as a support for a rabbinic enactment and the Biblical verse of (Isaiah 30:22): “You will cast them away like a menstruous woman,” it is a support to the Biblical verse that was brought above (Isaiah 30:14 – see Tractate Shabbat, Chapter 8, Mishnah 7): “So that no shard is left in its breakage;” alternatively, because it was necessary to teach (Tractate Shabbat, Chapter 9, Mishnah 3), “from where do we learn that we wash the circumcised child on the third day if it falls on the Sabbath?,” they taught these which are compared to it.

מטמאה במשא – a person who carries it should wash his clothes and even if he didn’t touch it, such as it was in a box or something like that, and the Rabbis dispute on the statement of Rabbi Akiba and state that he does not become ritually defiled other than through contact like an unclean reptile, and the Halakha is according to the Sages.

תזרם כמו (אשה) דוה – that is to say, it should be in your eyes like foreigners like depressed like a menstruant woman, as it is written (Leviticus 15:33): “and concerning her who is in menstrual infirmity” and the Biblical verse is speaking about idolatry.

אמר ר״ע מנין לעבודת כוכבים שמטמאה במשא. איידי דאיירי לעיל באסמכתא גבי חרס, נקט נמי להני קראי דאסמכתא. וקרא דתזרם כמו דוה הוא סמוך לקרא דלא ימצא במכתתו חרס דאייתי לעיל. אי נמי משום דבעי למיתנא מנין שמרחיצין את המילה וכו׳ תנא להנך מנין דדמו לה:

מטמאה במשא. הנושא אותה יכבס בגדיו ואפילו לא נגע בה, כגון שהיתה בקופה וכיוצא בה. ואפליגו רבנן עליה דרבי עקיבא ואמרי אינו מטמא אלא במגע כשרץ. והלכה כחכמים:

תזרם כמו (אשה) דוה. כלומר יהי בעיניך כזרים, כמו דוה, כאשה נדה, כדכתיב (ויקרא ט״ו:ל״ג) והדוה בנדתה, ובעבודת כוכבים משתעי קרא: