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Perek 3

Mishnayos Shabbos Perek 3 Mishnah 6

שבת פרק ג׳ משנה ו׳

6
From a discussion of the halakhot of insulation and preparation for Shabbat followed by a brief tangent dealing with the prohibited labor of cooking on Shabbat, the mishna proceeds to briefly discuss prohibitions relating to set-aside [muktze] items in terms of Shabbat lamps. One may not place a vessel beneath the oil lamp, the vessel containing the oil and the wick, on Shabbat in order to receive the oil that drips from the wick. And if one placed the vessel on Friday while it was still day, it is permitted. However, in any case, one may not make use of the oil on Shabbat because it is not from the oil prepared from Shabbat eve for use on Shabbat. The oil in the lamp was already set aside and designated solely for the purpose of lighting the lamp. The dispute in this mishna seems to be a local one; however, it is the key to several halakhot in the area of the prohibition of set-aside [muktze]. One may move a new oil lamp on Shabbat but not an old one that was already used. A lamp that was used is covered with soot and unsuitable for use. It is therefore considered set aside from use due to its disgusting nature. Rabbi Shimon says: All oil lamps may be moved on Shabbat except for an oil lamp that is burning on Shabbat, due to the concern that it might be extinguished. One may place a vessel beneath the oil lamp in order to receive burning sparks of oil that fall from the lamp so that they will not cause a fire. And he may not place water into the vessel because he thereby extinguishes the sparks. When a pot is removed from the fire on Shabbat eve it may be insulated in materials that preserve its heat, but not in materials that increase its heat. Raising the temperature of a pot is tantamount to cooking.
אֵין נוֹתְנִין כְּלִי תַּחַת הַנֵּר לְקַבֵּל בּוֹ אֶת הַשֶּׁמֶן. וְאִם נוֹתְנוֹ מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם, מֻתָּר. וְאֵין נֵאוֹתִין מִמֶּנּוּ, לְפִי שֶׁאֵינוֹ מִן הַמּוּכָן. מְטַלְטְלִין נֵר חָדָשׁ, אֲבָל לֹא יָשָׁן. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר, כָּל הַנֵּרוֹת מְטַלְטְלִין, חוּץ מִן הַנֵּר הַדּוֹלֵק בְּשַׁבָּת. נוֹתְנִין כְּלִי תַחַת הַנֵּר לְקַבֵּל נִיצוֹצוֹת. וְלֹא יִתֵּן לְתוֹכוֹ מַיִם, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא מְכַבֶּה:
ו׳

אין נותנין – on the Sabbath.

כלי תחת הנר לקבל בו את השמן – that drips because the oil is Muktzeh/set aside and designated for a special purpose, and forbidden for any other use or handling and it is forbidden to nullify a utensil from its place, that is to say, to restore a utensil in a place that it is not able anymore to take it from there, for it is like he establishing for it a place and attaching it with plaster, and it is similar to creative work and this utensil, when the oil falls into it becomes Muktzeh and it is forbidden to handle it.

אין ניאותין – we don’t benefit from the dripping oil from the candle on the Sabbath because it is not from something prepared for it was designated for kindling.

מטלטלין נר חדש – which is not repulsive, and it appropriate to use it.

אבל לא ישן – not counted on (and therefore forbidden to handle) on account of its repulsiveness (see Talmud Shabbat 44a).

חוץ מן הנר הדולק – while it is still burning, it is prohibited, as a decree lest one extinguish it. But Rabbi Shimon does not agree with Muktzeh on account of its repulsiveness nor Muktzeh in consequence of a ritual prohibition (e.g., a candlestick which on the entrance of the Sabbath could not be moved because a light was burning on it), and the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Shimon who permits carrying all candles except from the candle that is burning for the candle, once it was kindled for the Sabbath evening, even though it is that it was extinguished, it is prohibited to carry it all the entire Shabbat, because once it became Muktzeh at twilight, it became Muktzeh for the entire [Sabbath] day, but [regarding] the other candles, the Halakha is according to him, for there is no Muktzeh on the Sabbath other than Muktzeh because the object is too expensive for a use for which it is not originally made, which Rabbi Shimon agrees with.

נותנים כלי תחת הנר – on Shabbat to receive the sparks of the flame that is dripping from the candle in order that it will not kindle what is below it, for the sparks have nothing of substance and the utensil is not canceled out from its use by this.

לא יתן בתוכו מים – even from the Eve of the Sabbath, for they (i.e., the Rabbis) decreed the Eve of the Sabbath on account of the Sabbath, and on the Sabbath if they did it in such a manner, it would be considered extinguishing and one would be liable. Therefore, it is prohibited on the Eve of the Sabbath.

אין נותנין. בשבת:

כלי תחת הנר לקבל בו את השמן. המטפטף, משום דשמן מוקצה הוא ואסור לבטל כלי מהיכנו, כלומר להושיב כלי במקום שלא יוכל עוד ליטלו משם, דהוה ליה כקובע לו מקום ומחברו בטיט ודמי למלאכה, וכלי זה משיפול בו השמן מוקצה הוא ואסור לטלטלו:

אין ניאותין. אין נהנין מן השמן המטפטף מן הנר בשבת, לפי שאינו מן המוכן שכבר הוקצה להדלקה:

מטלטלין נר חדש. שאינו מאוס וחזי לאשתמושי ביה:

אבל לא ישן. דמוקצה מחמת מיאוס הוא:

חוץ מן הנר הדולק. בעוד שהוא דולק אסור, גזירה שמא יכבה ולית ליה לר״ש מוקצה מחמת מיאוס, ולא מוקצה מחמת איסור. ואין הלכה כר״ש שמתיר לטלטל כל הנרות חוץ מן הנר הדולק, שנר שהדליקוהו ללילי שבת אע״פ שכבה אסור לטלטלו כל אותו שבת, דמגו דאיתקצאי לבין השמשות אתקצאי לכולי יומא, אבל בשאר נרות הלכה כמותו שאין מוקצה לשבת אלא מוקצה מחמת חסרון כיס דמודה ביה ר״ש:

נותנים כלי תחת הנר. בשבת לקבל ניצוצות של שלהבת הנוטפות מן הנר כדי שלא ידלק מה שתחתיו דניצוצות אין בהם ממש ואין הכלי מבוטל מהיכנו בהכי:

ולא יתן לתוכו מים. ואפילו מערב שבת, דגזרינן ערב שבת אטו שבת, ובשבת אי הוה עביד כי האי גוונא הוי מכבה וחייב, הילכך בערב שבת אסור: