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Mishnayos Eruchin Perek 5 Mishnah 6

ערכין פרק ה׳ משנה ו׳

6

With regard to those obligated to pay valuations, the court repossesses their property to pay their debt to the Temple treasury. With regard to those obligated to bring sin offerings and guilt offerings, the court does not repossess their property; since one is obligated to bring them for atonement he would not delay bringing them. But with regard to those obligated to bring burnt offerings and peace offerings, the court repossesses their property;since these offerings are not obligatory for atonement, one might delay bringing them. Although one obligated to bring burnt offerings and peace offerings does not achieve atonement until he brings the offering of his own volition, as it is stated: “He shall bring it to the entrance of the Tent of Meeting of his volition” (Leviticus 1:3), nevertheless the court coerces him until he says: I want to do so. And likewise, you say the same with regard to women’s bills of divorce. Although one divorces his wife only of his own volition, in any case where the Sages obligated a husband to divorce his wife the court coerces him until he says: I want to do so.

חַיָּבֵי עֲרָכִים, מְמַשְׁכְּנִין אוֹתָן. חַיָּבֵי חַטָּאוֹת וַאֲשָׁמוֹת, אֵין מְמַשְׁכְּנִין אוֹתָן. חַיָּבֵי עוֹלוֹת וּשְׁלָמִים, מְמַשְׁכְּנִין אוֹתָן אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵין מִתְכַּפֵּר לוֹ עַד שֶׁיִּתְרַצֶּה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ויקרא א), לִרְצוֹנוֹ, כּוֹפִין אוֹתוֹ עַד שֶׁיֹּאמַר, רוֹצֶה אָנִי. וְכֵן אַתָּה אוֹמֵר בְּגִטֵּי נָשִׁים, כּוֹפִין אוֹתוֹ עַד שֶׁיֹּאמַר, רוֹצֶה אָנִי:

ו׳
Bartenura

ממשכנין אותן (exact pledges from them) – the treasurer enters into their homes and takes it against their will.

חייבי חטאות ואשמות – since it is for atonement that came, they do not procrastinate [in providing the sin-offering or guilt offering] , and they do not exact pledges from them. But the sin-offering of the Nazirite, since it does not come for atonement, and does not prevent him from drinking wine, for since the blood of one of the sacrifices was sprinkled, the Nazirite is permitted to drink wine and to become defiled to the dead, on occasion that he acted negligently and delayed, therefore we exact the pledge on his sin-offering.

חייבי עולות ושלמים – even though the burnt-offering atones for [violation of] a positive commandment and for a prohibition that after its violation is transformed into a positive commandment, since the negative commandment is not an obligation, it is not considered as an atonement and one can delay performing it, therefore, we exact a pledge from them. But there are those liable for burnt-offerings where we don’t exact a pledge from them, as for example the burnt-offering of a leper, because it delays his purification and it does not come to delay him.

כופין אותו עד שיאמר רוצה אני – where that the Jewish court exacts a pledge from him, he must state: “I want to do it.”

וכן אתה אומר בגטי נשים – whomever his judgement is that they force him to divorce [his wife], the Jewish court of Israel beats him until he says: “I want [to do it] (i.e., divorce his wife), and he gives [her] the Jewish bill of divorce and it is appropriate (see also Tractate Ketubot, Chapter 7, Mishnah 10).

ממשכנין אותן. גזבר נכנס לביתם ונוטל בעל כרחם:

חייבי חטאות ואשמות. כיון דלכפרה אתו לא משהי להו, ואין ממשכנין אותן. וחטאת נזיר, הואיל ולאו לכפרה אתיא ואינה מעכבתו מלשתות יין, שכיון שנזרק הדם של אחד מן הקרבנות הותר הנזיר לשתות יין ולהטמא למתים, זמנין דפשע ומשהי לה, הלכך ממשכנין אותו על חטאתו:

חייבי עולות ושלמים. אע״ג דעולה מכפרת על עשה ועל לאו הניתק לעשה, הואיל ולאו חובה היא לא חשיב לה כפרה ואתי לשהויי, הלכך ממשכנים אותן. ויש מחייבי עולות שאין ממשכנים אותן, כגון עולת מצורע, לפי שהיא מעכבת טהרתו, לא אתי לשהוייה:

כופין אותו עד שיאמר רוצה אני. היכא דבית דין ממשכנים אותו צריך שיאמר רוצה אני:

וכן אתה אומר בגטי נשים. כל מי שדינו שכופין אותו לגרש, ולא רצה לגרש, בית דין של ישראל מכין אותו עד שיאמר רוצה אני, ונותן הגט והוא כשר: