Mishnayos Bava Metzia Perek 2 Mishnah 6
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בבא מציעא פרק ב׳ משנה ו׳
And until when is one who finds a lost item obligated to proclaim his find? He is obligated to do so until the moment that the neighbors will know of its existence; this is the statement of Rabbi Meir. Rabbi Yehuda says: He is obligated to proclaim his find for three pilgrimage Festivals and for seven days after the last of the three pilgrimage Festivals, so that its owner will have time to go to his home, a trip lasting up to three days, and ascertain that he in fact lost the item, and he will return to Jerusalem, a trip lasting up to three days, and proclaim his loss for one day.
וְעַד מָתַי חַיָּב לְהַכְרִיז. עַד כְּדֵי שֶׁיֵּדְעוּ בוֹ שְׁכֵנָיו, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי מֵאִיר. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, שָׁלשׁ רְגָלִים, וְאַחַר הָרֶגֶל הָאַחֲרוֹן שִׁבְעָה יָמִים, כְּדֵי שֶׁיֵּלֵךְ לְבֵיתוֹ שְׁלשָׁה וְיַחֲזֹר שְׁלשָׁה וְיַכְרִיז יוֹם אֶחָד:
Bartenura
שכניו. שכני מקום שנמצאת בו האבידה, שמא שלהן היא:
כדי שילך. כל אחד לביתו בשלשה ימים. משישמע ההכרזה וידע אם אבד לו כלום, ואם יראה שאבד יחזור שלשה ויכריז יום אחד אני איבדתי ואלו סימניה והלכה כרבי יהודה. ומשחרב בית המקדש התקינו שיהיו מכריזין בבתי כנסיות ובבתי מדרשות. ומשרבו האנסין דאמרי אבידתא למלכא, התקינו שיהא מודיע לשכניו ולמיודעיו ודיו:
His neighbours. The neighbours of the place where the item was found, lest it belongs to one of them.
In order that each one will go their home in three days. from when he hears the announcement and knows if he lost anything, and if he sees he lost it he'll return [there] in three [days] and announce for one day "I lost it and these are its markers", and the halacha is like Rabbi Yehudah. Since the Temple was destroyed, they [the sages] enacted that announcements should be made in the synagogues and study halls. And since the aggressors increased, those that say "Lost items go to the King", they [the sages] enacted that he [the finder] should inform his neighbours and those he knows and that's sufficient.