Beitzah 4:6 - 4:7

משלפניו – from what is in front of him in the house.

לחצות בו שניו – to take the meat which protrudes between his teeth, and that it is in front of him, is not specifically, for according to Rabbi Eliezer, it is permissible to take it even from the courtyard, as it states that whatever is in the courtyard is ready. But the fact that he (i.e., Rabbi Eliezer) used the term, “in front of him,” because the Rabbis who disagree with him state that even what is in front of him, he can kindle with it, but not to pick at his teeth, for they hold that wood is not used other than for burning.

וחכמים אומרים מגבב משלפניו ומדליק – but not from the courtyard, for since they are thin chips and it is a burden to gather the wood and to sweep/rake them up, for from yesterday, they di dnot exist. But when the Mishnah stated that a person takes a chip of wood to pick at his teeth, we hold that even that which is in front of him he should not take other than to kindle, for wood is not given other than for burning. And in two things they disagree. But the Halakha is according to the Sages. And it is not permissible to take a wood chip to pick at his teeth other the manger of the animal, for anything that is fit for the food of an animal is permitted to cut whether on Yom Tov or on Shabbat, and there is nothing regarding them concerning the repair of a utensil.

אין מוציאין את האור – because it is like “giving birth” and similar to [prohibited] work, for one creates this fire on the Festival day.

מן העפר – there is ground that when one digs it up, one produces fire from the place of its digging.

ולא מן המים – one puts water in a white glass utensil and places it in the sun and when the sun is very hot and the glass produces a flame, and brings scraps/chips and they reach the glass and it burns.

רעפים – a hollowed out earthenware utensil in its middle when they cover with them the gardens.

אין מלבנין – with a flame.

את הרעפים – and specifically with new flints because they are similar to a think that is burned, and they are glazed and strengthened by the flame.

ועוד אמר ר"א – because the Tanna taught one for a leniency regarding that which is not permitted for use on the Sabbath/Festival day (i.e., Muktzeh) and afterwards he taught another thing, and it says, “and furthermore.”

עומד אדם על המוקצה – that requires designation of an object for use [on the coming Holy Day], and the designation is beneficial for it.

ערב שבת בשביעית – when the tithe does not apply on it, and is not missing anything other than a designation. But the same law applies by that which is tithed in and in the rest of the years of the seven-year cycle. But he took something that is usual, for something merely set aside is not tithed, for dried figs and raisins are merely things that are stored away and it is not customary to tithe them prior to the completion of the work.

מכאן אני נוטל למחר – and is enough with these when there is choice.

עד שירשום – with a sign/symbol, for there is no choice. But the Halakha is according to the Sages.