Mishnah.org Logo

Today's Mishnah Yomi

Pesachim 2:2 - 2:3

The Mishnah Yomi for Wednesday, December 13, 2028 is Pesachim 2:2 - 2:3

＜ Previous DayTodayNext Day ＞

Mishnah 1

Mishnayos Pesachim Perek 2 Mishnah 2

פסחים פרק ב׳ משנה ב׳

2
It is permitted for a Jew to derive benefit from leavened bread of a gentile over which Passover has elapsed, i.e., leavened bread that remains after the conclusion of Passover. However, it is prohibited to derive benefit from leaven of a Jew over which Passover has elapsed, as it is stated: “And no leavened bread shall be seen with you, neither shall there be leaven seen with you, in all your borders” (Exodus 13:7).
חָמֵץ שֶׁל נָכְרִי שֶׁעָבַר עָלָיו הַפֶּסַח, מֻתָּר בַּהֲנָאָה. וְשֶׁל יִשְׂרָאֵל, אָסוּר בַּהֲנָאָה. שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות יג) לֹא יֵרָאֶה לְךָ שְׂאֹר:
ב׳

מותר בהנאה – that is not to say that regarding eating it is forbidden, but since the Mishnah needs to teach the concluding statement [concerning Hametz] of an Israelite is forbidden to derive benefit [from it], the Tanna/teacher [of our Mishnah] taught concerning that of a heathen that is permissible to derive benefit of [his Hametz/leavened product]. Because of this, it is not taught explicitly that the leavened products of a heathen are permissible to eat.

משום שנאמר לא יראה לך – that is to say, we subject him to a fine , for since he violated [the precept] “that it should not be seen with you.” Alternatively, it refers to the first section [of the Mishnah], that the Hametz/leavened products of a heathen is permissible [to derive benefit] because it says, “it should not be seen with you,” and we explain that “yours” one cannot see, but you may see that [Hametz] of others.

מותר בהנאה. לאו למימרא דבאכילה אסור, אלא איידי דבעי למתנא סיפא ושל ישראל אסור בהנאה, תנא גבי נכרי מותר בהנאה. אי נמי, משום דאיכא דנהגי איסורא בפת של נכרי, משום הכי לא תני בהדיא חמץ של נכרי מותר באכילה:

משום שנאמר לא יראה לך. כלומר קנסא קנסינן ליה הואיל ועבר על לא יראה לך. אי נמי, ארישא קאי חמץ של נכרי מותר, משום שנאמר לא יראה לך ודרשינן שלך אי אתה רואה אבל אתה רואה של אחרים:

Mishnah 2

Mishnayos Pesachim Perek 2 Mishnah 3

פסחים פרק ב׳ משנה ג׳

3
If a gentile lent money to a Jew, and the Jew gave him leavened bread as collateral until after Passover, and after Passover the gentile retains this leavened bread in lieu of payment, then one is permitted to derive benefit from this leavened bread. Since the leavened bread was retained by the gentile based on the transfer that took place prior to Passover, the leavened bread is considered to have belonged to the gentile during Passover. Whereas if a Jew lent money to a gentile, and leavened bread was given as collateral during Passover in the same manner as in the previous case, then after Passover it is forbidden to derive benefit from this leavened bread. Since this leavened bread was considered to be in the Jew’s property during Passover, it is forbidden to derive benefit from it afterward. Leavened bread upon which a rockslide has fallen is considered as though it has been eliminated, and it is not necessary to dig it up in order to burn it. Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel says: Any leavened bread that has been covered to such an extent that a dog cannot search after it is considered to have been eliminated.
נָכְרִי שֶׁהִלְוָה אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל עַל חֲמֵצוֹ, אַחַר הַפֶּסַח מֻתָּר בַּהֲנָאָה. וְיִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁהִלְוָה אֶת הַנָּכְרִי עַל חֲמֵצוֹ, אַחַר הַפֶּסַח אָסוּר בַּהֲנָאָה. חָמֵץ שֶׁנָּפְלָה עָלָיו מַפֹּלֶת, הֲרֵי הוּא כִמְבֹעָר. רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר, כָּל שֶׁאֵין הַכֶּלֶב יָכוֹל לְחַפֵּשׂ אַחֲרָיו:
ג׳

נכרי שהלוה לישראל – [a heathen who lent an Israelite] money on his leavened products [as a collateral] prior to Passover, and the Israelite said to him, “if I don’t bring you the money by such-and-such a date, buy them from now.” And for example, he pledged this to him with him in his house and it (i.e., the Hametz/leavened products) remained with the heathen all the days of Passover.

לאחר הפסח מותר בהנאתו – for since the time arrived and he (i.e., the Israelite) did not pay him (i.e., the heathen) back, this is not wanting collection (i.e., not yet collected) for it was in the domain of the heathen, the matter was revealed retroactively that from the time that he pledged with him, it was his (i.e., the heathen’s).

וישראל שהלוה לנכרי כו' – the matter was revealed retroactively that it belonged to the Israelite.

הרי הוא כמבוער – and even though he must nullify it, lest he open up a heap of debris during the festival and it would be found that he violates [the prohibition of “lest it be seen with you”].

כל שאין הכלב יכול לחפש אחריו – and how far does a dog reach in digging (see Talmud Pesahim 31b)? Three hand-breadths.

נכרי שהלוה לישראל. מעות על חמצו קודם הפסח, ואמר לו הישראל אם לא הבאתי לך מעות עד יום פלוני קנה מעכשיו. וכגון שהרהינו אצלו בביתו ושהה אצל הנכרי כל ימי הפסח.

לאחר הפסח מותר בהנאתו. דכיון דמטא זמניה ולא פרעיה לא הוי מחוסר גוביינא דברשותו של נכרי היה, אגלאי מילתא למפרע דמשעה שהרהינו אצלו הוה דידיה:

וישראל שהלוה לנכרי כו׳ אגלאי מלתא למפרע דשל ישראל הוה:

הרי הוא כמבוער. ואף על פי כן צריך לבטלו, שמא יפקח הגל במועד ונמצא עובר עליו:

כל שאין הכלב יכול לחפש אחריו. וכמה היא חפישת הכלב, ג׳ טפחים:

Mishnah Yomi FAQ

Still have a question? Contact Us