Shabbos 21:2 - 21:3

מטה על צדה – incline the barrel on its side if it is necessary to take from the wine and stone falls, but he he should not take it with his hands.

היתה בין החביות – and he is afraid that the stone won’t fall on the barrels and break them, he should lift the entire barrel and remove it from among the barrels and there tilt/incline it on its side.

נוער את הכר והן נופלות – when he needs the cushion, but he doesn’t need the place of the cushion. But if he needs its place, he lifts the cushion with the coins that are upon them, and we don’t say other than that other than when he forgot the coins on the cushion from the Eve of the Sabbath but he intentionally placed them there, the cushion becomes the basis for a prohibited thing and it is prohibited to carry it nor to shake the coins that are upon it.

לשלשת – a matter of filth such as spittle, secretion or excrement.

בסמרטוט מקנחת – but he should not put water upon it, for a mere cushion is of cloth and cloth is soaked in water which is its cleansing/washing.

היתה – on the cushion.

של עור – which is not washed/cleansed – he puts waster upon it until it (i.e., the dirt) is gone and the secretion goes away, but no actual cleansing, for since mere cushions and pillow cases are soft and require cleanings with soft leathers; but however, soaking is their cleansing.

ב"ש אומרים מגביהין מעל השלחן עצמות וקליפין – In the Gemara (See Talmud Shabbat 143a) that we do not rely upon our Mishnah as it is taught but the statements must be reversed (i.e., the authorities for the two opinions must be exchanged) for it is the School of Hillel that states that we take up [on the Sabbath] table bones and shells and the School of Shammai that states that one removes the whole board and shakes it, for it has the status of a utensil, but he should not carry the bones and shells by hand, for the School of Hillel is like Rabbi Shimon and the School of Shammai is like Rabbi Yehuda. But, however, the School of Hillel did not permit other than the bones and shells that are fit for the food for an animal, even though they are not fit for the food of a person, but if they are not fit even for food for an animal, the School of Hillel admits that it is prohibited to carry them , for in such a manner even Rabbi Shimon admits to.

מעבירין מעל השלחן פרורין פחות מכזית – even less than an olive’s bulk and the reason is as it is explained shortly that they are fit for the food of cattle.

ושער של פולין – a twig that the beans grow on them.

עור בית אחיזה – a leather handle that one holds onto.

אין מקנחין בו – for when he holds it, it is pressed out/flows between his fingers and there is an unavoidable result of an act that Rabbi Shimon admits to.

בין כך ובין כך – whether or not it has a handle it is taken on Shabbat when it is dry.

ואינו מקבל טומאה – it is not a wooden utensil nor a cloth/garment nor a sack nor metal.