Shabbos 15:1 - 15:2

אלו קשרים. קשר גמלים – they perforate the nose of a camel and place in it a strap and tie it an eternal knot and like this, they make a perforation at the head of as ship and place in it a rope and tie a durable knot in it can never be undone, that is similar to knots of threads of curtains that have torn in the Tabernacle, but a durable knot that is not the act of an artisan, or it is the act of an artisan but is not durable knot is exempt, but prohibited and it is not liable until it is one of durability and the action of an artisan.

וכשם שחייב על קשרן כך חייב על התירן – for just as those who hunt snail/conchiferous animal/purple-fish it would be necessary on occasion to undo/loosen the knots of the nets that exist in order to shorten them or widen them.

שיכול להתירו – without being squeezed/pricked.

אין חייבין עליו – and even if he did to make it durable, but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Meir.

יש לך קשרים שאין חייבים עליהם – [there are knots for which they are not liable for] a sin-offering, like they are liable for the camel’s knot or the sailors’ knot but rather they are exempt but it is still prohibited, and these ties were not mentioned in the Mishnah. But the Gemara (Tractate Shabbat 112a) explains for example a long strap that they tie with a ring that is on the nose of a camel and similarly, long rope that they tie with a rope made like a ring that is suspended in hole at the head of the ship and sometimes they leave it there for a week or two and then untie it, and similarly, all knots that they tie to stand as such a specified time but will not endure forever - we are not liable for it.

קושרת אשה מפתחי חלוק – kinds of strips/straps to one side and the other and they tie the right on the left shoulder and the left on the right shoulder for since every day it is permissible and it is not similar to an enduring knot and it is permissible ab initio.

פסיקיא – a wide girdle/belt with threads/straps suspended at its head to tie them.

ונודות יין – of leather that their openings are bent and we tie them, and even though it has two bands/chains and we don’t say that one of them nullifies it that it is an enduring knot.

וקדירה של בשר – sometimes they tie on it a piece of cloth around its opening, and even though it has spigots/spouts through which one can empty the soup from them, without loosening the knot, even so, this is not a [permanent] knot.

קושרין לפני הבהמה – a rope over the width of the opening to lock it in her face that she should not leave, and such is the Halakha.

קושרין דלי של פסיקיא – on the mouth of the well so that it would tied and suspended there, for the fascia does not nullify it, but not with a rope that does nullify it (see Talmud Shabbat 113a), for it is an enduring knot.

רבי יהודה מתיר – Rabbi Yehuda did not permit anything other than a rope of a common weaver that requires it for his work and does not nullify it there, but the Rabbis hold that if you were to permit to him the rope of a weaver, he would tie it with other also ropes for ropes are interchangeable, and the Halakha is according to the Sages.