Shabbos 5:4 - 6:1

with a bell - A bell hung around the neck of the animal which emits a sound when it moves

אע"פ שהוא פקוק – [plugged] with a soft-spongy substance, for now its clapper of the bell does not ring to cause a sound to be made because it appears like he is leading it to be sold in the marketplace.

בסולם שבצוארו – when it has a wound, they place on its neck wood in the shape of warp and woof in order that it not turn its head to grasp at his wound.

ולא ברצועה שברגלו – an animal that strikes its legs against each other while it is walking, they make a sort of ring of a thick strap and tie it at the place where its legs strike against each other.

בחוטין - they make it as a sign so that exchange it for other chickens.

ולא ברצועות – that they tie/fasten its two legs together with a short cords so that they don’t jump and break the utensils.

בעגלה שתחת האליה – like a small wagon which they tie under the tail of the sheep for their tails are large in order that it does not become damaged by stones and rocks.

חנונות – there is a kind of wood called חנון where they bring chips from it and place it on its nose in order that it should sneeze and the worms from its head would fall off but for the males, it is not necessary to do this for when they gore each other, the worms fall off on their own.

בגימון – like a reed-grass yoke that is placed on the neck of the calf in order that it would be accustomed to bend its neck when it gets older.

בעור הקופר – a reptile that its fibers are thin like a needle and we tie its skin at the nipples of the cow so that the vermin do not suck [its milk].

ולא ברצועה שבין קרניה – whether for beauty or to protect it, it is forbidden for all additional protection is a burden for it.

פרתו של רבי אלעזר בן עזריה – it did not belong to him, but to his neighbor and because he did not protest it [as it was forbidden] , it is called by his name.

במה אשה. שבראשה – it refers to all with threads of wool and flax and a strap that plaits/twists on them the hair of her head. And what is the reason that she should not go out with them on the Sabbath? Because the Sages stated that she should not immerse in them on weekdays until they become weak/decay, therefore on the Sabbath, she should not go out in them lest perhaps she remove it when she is engaging in the commanded ritual immersion and unties them and comes to carry them four cubits in the public domain

עד שתרפם – to permeate/penetrate them a bit and that they would be softened and that water could enter between them so that they would not leave a space between the partitions during the ritual immersion.

בטוטפת – a fringe that they tie on the forehead from ear to ear.

סנבוטין – hanging on the forehead ornament and comes on the temples until the jaw. Poor women make them of kinds of colors/dyed stuff; the rich make them of silver or gold and because they are important, they suspect lest they loosen and point to its neighbor.

בזמן שאינן תפורין – with her head-dress on her head but if they are sewn on, one doesn’t have to fear to include it for one does not take the head-dress/netting from her head in the public domain, for she would reveal her hair.

בכבול – a piece of cloth like a small turban that we tie on the forehead and place the fringe on it so that one would not damage the fringe on the forehead, but sometimes the woman is decorated with it without the fringe.

לרה"ר – but to the courtyard, it is permitted, and everything mentioned above is prohibited, even in the courtyard, for they decreed concerning this that a woman should not decorate herself on Shabbat at all, neither in the courtyard nor in the public domain, but the hair-net they permitted so as to not prohibit all of her ornaments and become repulsive to her husband. But Maimonides explained that the public domain refers to all of the ornaments that are mentioned in our Mishnah and all of them are not forbidden but as a decree lest a woman bring them four cubits within the public domain.

עיר של זהב – a golden crown made like the shape of Jerusalem.

ולא בקטלא - an ornament that is placed on the neck in an emergency and a woman chokes herself with it in order that she shows that she shows her flesh, and in Arabic, “Makneka.”

ולא בנזמים – nose-rings, but earrings, one can out with them.

חותם – a form to seal letters or any secret thing and even though it is an ornament, it is forbidden lest she loosen it and point it out but if it has a seal, it is not an ornament for her, we say further on that she is liable for a sin-offering and even though she brings it out with her finger in the manner of clothing, because sometimes the husband removes it from his finger and gives it to his wife to hide it and she puts it on her finger and walks with it, and it is found that in the manner of removing it and similarly a ring that has no seal on it that is not an ornament for a man for it is not an ornament for a man, he would be liable for a sin-offering even though he removes it from his finger in the manner of clothing, for sometimes a woman will give it to him that he would take it to an artisan and he removes it with his finger.

ואם יצאת - if a woman went out with all of these that we forbid until here in our Mishnah, she is not liable for a sin-offering for all of these are ornaments and the Rabbis are the ones who decreed lest she loosen it and show it.