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Today's Mishnah Yomi

Menachos 5:2 - 5:3

The Mishnah Yomi for Tuesday, September 16, 2025 is Menachos 5:2 - 5:3

Mishnah 1

Mishnayos Menachos Perek 5 Mishnah 2

מנחות פרק ה׳ משנה ב׳

2
All the meal-offerings that come as matza are to be kneaded with lukewarm water so that the dough will bake well, as only a small amount of oil is added. And one must watch over them to ensure that they do not become leaven while kneading and shaping them, and if a meal offering or even only its remainder becomes leaven, one violates a prohibition, as it is stated: “No meal offering that you shall bring to the Lord shall be made with leaven; as you shall burn no leaven nor any honey as an offering made by fire to the Lord” (Leviticus 2:11). And one is liable to be flogged for kneading the meal offering, and for shaping it, and for baking it, if the meal offering becomes leaven.
כָּל הַמְּנָחוֹת נִלּוֹשׁוֹת בְּפוֹשְׁרִין, וּמְשַׁמְּרָן שֶׁלֹּא יַחֲמִיצוּ. וְאִם הֶחֱמִיצוּ שְׁיָרֶיהָ, עוֹבֵר בְּלֹא תַעֲשֶׂה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ויקרא ב), כָּל הַמִּנְחָה אֲשֶׁר תַּקְרִיבוּ לַה' לֹא תֵעָשֶׂה חָמֵץ. וְחַיָּבִים עַל לִישָׁתָהּ, וְעַל עֲרִיכָתָהּ, וְעַל אֲפִיָּתָהּ:
ב׳

שנאמר כל המנחה אשר תקריבו לה' לא תעשה חמץ – it refers to the first clause [of the Mishnah] as it teaches that they are watched so that they do not become leavened, and it is speaking of prior to grabbing a handful . But the residue/remnants we derive from a different verse, as it is written (Leviticus 6:10): “It shall not be baked with leaven; [I have given it] as their portion [from My gifts],” even the portion of the priests which are the residue of the meal-offering that remained from the handful, even this shall not be baked with leaven, and with leaven, it is especially mentioned regarding the residue, but it is permitted to knead them with honey and to fry them with oil in it.

עריכתה (rolling it) – when he engages it with his hands after kneading, and they are liable for each and every one, for since it is says (Leviticus 2:11): “[No grain offering that you offer to the LORD] shall be made with leaven,” he is not able to be liable except for one [offering], the inference teaches us that “it should not be baked” (Leviticus 6:10), that baking was included and why was it excluded, to make an analogy of Biblical verses to it, just as baking is special that it is the action of an individual and one is liable for it on its own, even I include kneading it and rolling it and all individual actions regarding it, to include forming and smoothing the surface of the dough which is the action of an individual and we are liable for it on its own. And forming and smoothing the surface of the dough is smoothing its face in water and even though it does not appear so much as an action.

שנאמר כל המנחה אשר תקריבו לה׳ לא תעשה חמץ. ארישא קאי דקתני ומשתמרות שלא יחמיצו, וקודם קמיצה משתעי. ושייריה ילפינן מקרא אחרינא דכתיב (שם ו,) לא תאפה חמץ חלקם, אף חלקם של כהנים שהם שיירי המנחה שנשארו מן הקומץ, אף זו לא תאפה חמץ. ובחמץ דוקא הוזהרו על השיריים, אבל מותר ללוש אותם בדבש ולטגנן בו:

עריכתה. שמתעסק בה בידים אחר לישה. וחייבין על כל אחת ואחת, לפי שנאמר לא תעשה חמץ, יכול לא יהא חייב אלא אחת, תלמוד לומר לא תאפה, אפייה בכלל היתה ולמה יצאת להקיש אליה, מה אפייה מיוחדת שהיא מעשה יחידי וחייבין עליה בפני עצמה, אף אני אביא לישתה ועריכתה וכל מעשה יחידי שבה, לאתויי קיטוף שהוא מעשה יחידי וחייבין עליה בפני עצמה. וקיטוף הוא שמחליק פניה במים ואע״ג דלא מחזי כל כך מעשה:

Mishnah 2

Mishnayos Menachos Perek 5 Mishnah 3

מנחות פרק ה׳ משנה ג׳

3
There are four types of meal offerings: Those that require both oil and frankincense, those that require oil but not frankincense, those that require frankincense but not oil, and those that require neither frankincense nor oil. The mishna elaborates: And these are the meal offerings that require both oil and frankincense: The fine-flour meal offering, as it is stated: “And he shall pour oil upon it, and put frankincense thereon” (Leviticus 2:1); the meal offering prepared in a pan (see Leviticus 2:5–6); the meal offering prepared in a deep pan (see Leviticus 2:7–10); and the meal offering baked in an oven, which can be brought in the form of loaves or in the form of wafers (see Leviticus 2:4). Additional meal offerings that require both oil and frankincense are the meal offering of priests; the meal offering of the anointed priest, i.e., the griddle-cake offering brought by the High Priest every day, half in the morning and half in the evening; the meal offering of a gentile; a meal offering brought by women; and the omer meal offering (see Leviticus 23:15). The meal offering brought with libations that accompany burnt offerings and peace offerings requires oil but does not require frankincense. The shewbread requires frankincense but does not require oil. The two loaves brought on the festival of Shavuot (see Leviticus 23:17), the meal offering of a sinner, and the meal offering of jealousy brought by a sota require neither oil nor frankincense. The two loaves do not require oil or frankincense because these additions are not mentioned with regard to it. The meal offering of a sinner does not require them, as it is written: “He shall not put oil upon it, neither shall he give any frankincense upon it; for it is a sin offering” (Leviticus 5:11). With regard to the meal offering brought by a sota, it is similarly written: “He shall pour no oil upon it, nor give frankincense upon it, for it is a meal offering of jealousy, a meal offering of memorial, bringing iniquity to remembrance” (Numbers 5:15).
יֵשׁ טְעוּנוֹת שֶׁמֶן וּלְבוֹנָה, שֶׁמֶן וְלֹא לְבוֹנָה, לְבוֹנָה וְלֹא שֶׁמֶן, לֹא שֶׁמֶן וְלֹא לְבוֹנָה. וְאֵלּוּ טְעוּנוֹת שֶׁמֶן וּלְבוֹנָה, מִנְחַת הַסֹּלֶת, וְהַמַּחֲבַת, וְהַמַּרְחֶשֶׁת, וְהַחַלּוֹת, וְהָרְקִיקִין, מִנְחַת כֹּהֲנִים, וּמִנְחַת כֹּהֵן מָשִׁיחַ, וּמִנְחַת גּוֹיִם, וּמִנְחַת נָשִׁים, וּמִנְחַת הָעֹמֶר. מִנְחַת נְסָכִין טְעוּנָה שֶׁמֶן, וְאֵין טְעוּנָה לְבוֹנָה. לֶחֶם הַפָּנִים טָעוּן לְבוֹנָה, וְאֵין טָעוּן שָׁמֶן. שְׁתֵּי הַלֶּחֶם, מִנְחַת חוֹטֵא וּמִנְחַת קְנָאוֹת, לֹא שֶׁמֶן וְלֹא לְבוֹנָה:
ג׳

מנחת סולת – a person who vows a mere free-will meal-offering, brings fine flour and oil and frankincense and mixes it and takes a handful as it is prior to baking it. And for which it is written (Leviticus 2:1): “he shall pour oil upon it, lay frankincense on it,” all of these others we derive from the meal-offering of fine flour where it is written regarding the meal-offering of fine flour (Leviticus 2:1): “when a person,” that implies that all meal-offerings of an individual require oil and frankincense.

והחלות והרקיקין – a meal-offering of grain that is baked in an oven is called, the loaves [of bread] and the wafers. For if he requires loaves [of bread], he brings them and if he requires wafers, he brings wafers.

ומנחת כהנים – a Kohen who volunteers to donate one from these five meal-offerings.

מנחת כהן משיח – the meal-offering of unleavened cakes (see Tractate Menahot, Chapter 4, Mishnah 5).

גוי – [a heathen] who freely donates a meal-offering as we derive from "איש איש"/anyone (Leviticus 17:8 – “If any one of the house of Israel or of the strangers who reside among them offers a burnt-offering or a sacrifice”) which teaches that heathens bring votive offerings and free-will offerings like Israelites.

ומנחת נשים – a woman who vowed to donate a meal-offering.

ומנחת נסכים – which does not require frankincense, for oil is stated with it but not frankincense (see Numbers 15:4-5).

ולחם הפנים – it is written regarding it (Leviticus 24:7): “With each row you shall place pure frankincense, [which is to be a token offering for the read, as a gift to the LORD].” But oil is not written there.

שתי חלות – of Atzeret/Shavuot, but it is not mentioned on them neither oil nor frankincense (see Leviticus 5:11: “he shall not add oil to it or lay frankincense on it, [for it is a purification offering].”

מנחת חוטא ומנחת קנאות – it is written explicitly regarding them (Leviticus 5:11): “he shall not add oil to it or lay frankincense to it” (and Numbers 5:15: “No oil shall be poured upon it and no frankincense shall be laid upon it for it is a grain offering of jealousy.”).

מנחת סולת. המתנדב מנחה סתם, מביא סולת ושמן ולבונה ובוללה וקומצה כמו שהיא קודם אפייה. ובדידה כתיב שמן ולבונה, וכל הני אחריני גמרי ממנחת סולת דכתיב בה נפש, דמשמע דכל מנחת יחיד טעונה שמן ולבונה:

והחלות והרקיקין. למנחת מאפה תנור קרי החלות והרקיקין. דאי בעי חלות מייתי ואי בעי רקיקין מייתי:

ומנחת כהנים. כהן שהתנדב אחת מחמשת מנחות הללו:

מנחת כהן משיח. מנחת חביתין:

גוי. מתנדב מנחה, כדילפינן מאיש איש, מלמד שהנכרים מביאין נדרים ונדבות כישראל:

ומנחת נשים. אשה שהתנדבה מנחה:

ומנחת נסכים. לא בעי לבונה, דשמן נאמר בה ולא לבונה:

ולחם הפנים. כתיב ביה (ויקרא כ״ד:ז׳) ונתת על המערכת לבונה זכה, ולא כתיב ביה שמן:

שתי החלות. של עצרת, לא הוזכר בהן לא שמן ולא לבונה:

מנחת חוטא ומנחת קנאות. בהדיא כתיב בהו (שם ה׳) לא ישים עליה שמן ולא יתן עליה לבונה:

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