Bechoros 6:6 - 6:7

אין לו ביצים או אין לו אלא ביצה אחת – Our Mishnah is deficient and this is how it should be read (see Talmud Bekhorot 40a): It (i.e., the animal) doesn’t have two testicles in two sacks, but rather [only] in one sack; alternatively, two sacks and one testicle, behold this is a blemish.

ר' ישמעאל אומר אם יש לו שני כיסים – He is disputing the concluding clause, for the first Tanna/teacher states if it doesn’t have anything other than one testicle and two sacks, it is a blemish, but this is not the case, for whenever it has two sacks, it is certain that it has two testicles. But on the first clause, he admits/agrees that where it doesn’t have other than one sack, it is like someone that doesn’t have anything other than one testicle.

רבי עקיבא אומר- we certainly don’t say this, but rather, we have the reading, “he sets it on its buttocks and squeezes [its testicles]. And its example is found in the chapter [five of Tractate Eruvin 53b]: “How did they augment towns?” – is it (“sets it on its buttocks”) taught עכוזו (with an AYIN) or is it taught אכוזו (with an ALEPH)? [It is taught] עכוזו (i.e., with an AYIN) – they set the firstling on one rump/buttocks (though it could mean the genitals), for he has only one genital in two sacks.

וממעך (dissolve by rubbing/crushing) – and feels the sack and the groin.

אם יש שם ביצה אחת סופה לצאת - but if it does not come out, it is a blemish.

והתיר רבי עקיבא – that it is a blemish, for he did not find it (i.e., the genital in its place when he crushed it/rubbed it and felt it and. And such is the Halakha.

בעל חמש רגלים או שלש – but that we calculate it as a blemish and not as “torn,” these words [apply] when it has more or less in its hands, that is, those of the side of the head, but missing a foot or having an additional foot from its back feet , it is a “torn” animal, and it is prohibited to be consumed.

קלוט (an animal with un-cloven hooves – a sign of uncleanness – born of a clean animal, a monster or a hybrid) – round, and even if they are slit/cloven – it is a blemish, for the split hooves of an pure animal are not round.

שחול (an animal with a dislocated hip) – that its thigh/haunch is detached. The Aramaic of “I drew him [Moses] out [of the water]” (see Exodus 2:10) is שחלתיה /”I drew him out.”

כסול (an animal with a deformed hip) – it is the manner of an animal that the thigh/haunch is attached to the fat-tail near the groin, but not above from the grown, and in this one, the thigh/haunch is upon the groin.