Uktzin 3:1 - 3:2

צריכים הכשר (that require preparation) – water, as it is written (Leviticus 11:38): “But if water is put on the seed [and any part of a carcass falls upon it, it shall be unclean for you].” (see also Tractate Makhshirin, Chapter 6, Mishnah 4 for the listing of the seven liquids).

ואין צריכין מחשבה – to consider them as food, and all of our Mishnah is explained further on (see Mishnah 2 of this chapter).

החותך מן האדם מן הבהמה מן החיה ומן העופות – all of them are speaking about cutting off flesh from the living creatures, and even though that they were separated from the living, they do not defile, for only a limb a living creature defiles but not the flesh that was separated from a living being, therefore we require intention that he should have in mind upon them for consumption, and if not, they don’t defile.

החלב בכפרים (from fat in the villages) – for the people of villages do not consume fat. Therefore, they require intention. Bu tin the marketplaces, where most of the people come to the market, there are many that eat fats, and they don’t require intention.

ושאר כל ירקות שדה – that are not sown in gardens, are not special/specific for human consumption and require intention.

חוץ משמרקעים (except for truffles/a species of very acrid onions) – a species of pungent onions.

ופטריות (truffles/fungus, morils) – a species of plant that doesn’t have a root. FUNGI in the foreign language.

חוץ מכרישי שדה (except for wild leeks/field leeks) – PUROSH in the foreign language and PORAT in Arabic. That these, even though we don’t plant them in gardens , do not require intention.

והרגילה (purslane) – such is its name in Arabic. And in the foreign language, PORKAKLAH.

נץ חלב (Ornithogalum, star of Bethlehem, a bulbous plant) – white flowers like milk. And there are those who say, grass when they cut it that milk comes out from it.

עכביות (a species of edible thistles, cardoon) – grass filled with thorns, and it is the דרדר/thistle in the language of Scripture, and in the foreign language KARDOSH.

כלוסין (a species of figs) – Maimonides states that we call it in Arabic ANAV ALDIB. But Rabbi Yehuda and Rabbi Shimon and Rabbi Yossi hold that these do not require intention because they are specific for human consumption. But the Halakha is not like any of them, but rather all of them require intention, and if not, they do not defile.