Machshirin 6:1 - 6:2

המעלה פרותיו לגג מפני הכנימה (he brought his produce onto the roof because of vermin) – worms that grow in the produce. It is the language of (Exodus 8:13): “and vermin came upon [man and beast].”

אם נתכוין לכך – that he intended that dew should fall upon them.

שיש להן מעשה – as for example, if they would pour upon them dew intentionally, they would render it fit [to receive ritual defilement].

המעלה את האגודות (if he takes up on the roof bunches – herbs – which had been lying in the market houses) - of vegetables/greens.

ואת הקציעות (figs packed) – they crush the figs in a mortar/mortar-shaped cavity and make them like large loaves, and hey are called קציעות/packed figs.

שימתינו (that they may remain fresh) – it is the language of moisture. And similar to it is found in the Gemara in the chapter "לא יחפור"/One should not dig/hollow out (Chapter 2) [Tractate Bava Batra 18a):"מיתנא קשה לכותלים" (the actual term found in the printed editions of the Talmud is דהבלא /vapor) that is difficult for the walls).

אינו בכי יותן – if dew fell upon them.

כל האגודות – [all the bunches] of greens/vegetables.

של בית השוקים טמאים– because he sellers are accustomed to sprinkle upon them water in order to moisten them and they are made fit to receive ritual defilement, and the hands always handle/touch them. Therefore, they are presumed to be defiled.

מפני משקה הפה – even though that they don’t sprinkle water upon them when they are moist, nevertheless, they regularly put upon them liquid that comes out from the mouth in order to remove the dust that is upon them, and through this they are made fit for [receiving ritual defilement]. But there is a dispute between the first Tanna/teacher and the Rabbi Meir in a place where they do not regularly moisten them with liquid from the mouth; according to Rabbi Meir they are ritually pure, but according the first Tanna/teacher, in every manner they are ritually impure, for even with moist things that they place upon them water. And the Halakha is according to the first Tanna/teacher.

הקמחין והסלתות של בית השוקים טמאים – because they stir/wash the grain in water prior to grinding them and they are made fit [for receiving ritual impurity]. And the hands are always handling/touching them. Therefore, they are presumed to be ritually impure.

החילקה (split grain, grist, grits) - wheat that is pounded and each kernel/stone is divided into two.

טאגיס (mass of groats of wheat, barley) – that each kernel/stone is divided into three parts.

טסגי (pearl barley/barley groats)- each stone/kernel is divided into four parts.

בכל מקום – even not in the house of the market place, for everyone sprinkles water upon them.