Uktzin 1:1 - 1:2

כל שהוא יד (whatever -part of the fruit- serves as a handle -of the stem) – the wood that is attached to the fruit, and a person holds it at the time that he eats the fruit, as, for example, the peduncle/point of the apples, grapes and pears, are called ידות/handles. And similarly, a bone that has at its head/top meat/flesh, and a person holds the bone in order to eat the meat at its head/top, the bone is a handle to the meat/flesh.

ולא שומר (and not as a protector – as the shell of a nut) – to exclude the portion of the peduncle/point that touches the fruit and is attached to the globule/the stone or kernel of a stone fruit, that this part is a protector to the fruit (see also Tractate Taharot, Chapter 10, Mishnah 5 – describing the "חותם"/the oblate side of a berry to which the stalk is attached).

מיטמא – the handle is defiled, and even though it is not appropriate for consumption, if the defilement touched the food, the handle is considered as a connector/junction to the the food, and it is as if it is one body.

ומטמא – if the defilement touched the handle, the food is defiled, even though the defilement did not touch the food. And our Rabbis learned this from the Scripture, as it is written (Leviticus 11:37-38): “If such a carcass falls upon seed grain that is to be sewn, [it is pure; but if water is put on the seed and any part of the carcass falls upon it,] it shall be impure for you,” for everything that is in your needs, meaning to say, every thing that requires food is susceptible to receive ritual defilement like it, and it is impure and defiles with it.

ולא מצטרף – if the food was less than the bulk of an egg, for there is no defilement of food with less than an egg’s bulk, for this handle of the food does not combine with it to complete the requisite measurement.

שומר אע"פ שאינו יד – as, for example, the shell of a fruit that protects it that it not be suffer loss/become damaged.

מיטמא ומטמא ומצטרף – as it is written (Leviticus 11:37): “upon seed grain that is to be sown,” and what is “that is to be sown” – in the manner that people bring them out for sowing, wheat in their shells, and barley in their shells, that is with their protectors. For what purpose is the Biblical verse? If it is defiled and defiles, now the handle of the fruit is defiled and defiles as we derive from [the word]: "לכם"/for you – for all that are your needs, a protector is necessary, but the Biblical verse does not come other than to join with it, for a handle does not combine with it, while a protector combines with it.

וכל שאינו יד ולא שומר – like the hair that is on the fruit.

לא מיטמא ולא מטמא – and there is no need to say that it doesn’t combine/join.

והקפלוטות (leeks with a head, torret) – leeks, a חציר /leek (Numbers 11:5) in the language of Scripture, KORAHT in Arabic, and the foreign language PORUSH.

והפטמא שלהן (and their protuberance on the blossom-end of fruits – having the appearance of a pestle seated in a mortar – the upper portion of the fruit/top-piece) – like a kind of top-piece of a pomegranate that is at their top. And it is a protector and it combines.

והעמוד שהוא מכוון כנגד האוכל (the scape/central stalk as far as it is surrounded by the edible part, the scape within the bulb) – which is the heart that is in the onion, that the seed is born at its end.

שרשי החזרים – the root of lettuce, which is חסא in the language of the Gemara and also in Arabic, and LETUGA in the foreign language.

והנפוס (a kind of radish, resembling the carrot as to foliage, and the radish as to taste, or a turnip) – It is a kind of radish, but its leaves are similar to the leaves of the turnip.

והסיב שלו (and the fibrous root of the radish) – Maimonides explained that on the side of the top of the radish are born thin sinews like threads, and the sellers sever/cut them by hand at the time that they sell them, and what remains of them are called סיב/fibrous roots of the radish.

והמיתנא (and the mint) – such is its name in the foreign tongue MUNTA, and NANA in Arabic.

והפיגום (rue) – RUDA in the foreign tongue, and in Arabicv SARAV.

שעקרן (which were uprooted)- in order to plant them in another place.

והשדרה של שבולת (and the spine of an ear of corn) – the middle thread, that the threads are attached to it.

והלבוש שלה (the husk of the wheat grain) – and the skin/membrane that is upon the seed of the wheat, and all of these are protections for the fruit.

הסיג של רצפות (the cobweb-like covering of fruits) – dust that is attached on the heads of vegetables and joined closely on them like the spider’s web. ASnd it also is considered a protection to the fruit. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Eliezer.