Mishnah.org Logo

Today's Mishnah Yomi

Niddah 8:2 - 8:3

The Mishnah Yomi for Monday, June 21, 2027 is Niddah 8:2 - 8:3

＜ Previous DayTodayNext Day ＞

Mishnah 1

Mishnayos Niddah Perek 8 Mishnah 2

נדה פרק ח׳ משנה ב׳

2
And a woman who discovers a blood stain on her body or her garment may attribute its existence to any matter to which she can attribute it: If she slaughtered a domesticated animal, an undomesticated animal, or a bird; or if she was occupied with the removal of blood stains from the garments of other women or from her own garment, from any source, such as blood that originated from a wound elsewhere on her body or even her own menstrual blood from a prior menstrual cycle; or if she sat alongside others who were occupied with removing blood stains; or if she killed a louse; in all of these cases, that woman may attribute the blood stain to it. How large a stain may a woman attribute to a louse? Rabbi Ḥanina ben Antigonus says: It can be up to the area of a split bean. And she may attribute the stain to a louse even if she does not remember that she killed it. And she may attribute the blood stain to her son or to her husband in a case where one of them is near her and has a wound. Furthermore, if the woman herself has a wound, even if the wound scabbed over and is no longer bleeding, but it can reopen and bleed, that woman may attribute the blood stain to that wound.
וְתוֹלָה בְכָל דָּבָר שֶׁהִיא יְכוֹלָה לִתְלוֹת. שָׁחֲטָה בְהֵמָה, חַיָּה וָעוֹף, נִתְעַסְּקָה בִכְתָמִים אוֹ שֶׁיָּשְׁבָה בְצַד הָעֲסוּקִים בָּהֶן, הָרְגָה מַאֲכֹלֶת, הֲרֵי זוֹ תּוֹלָה בָהּ. עַד כַּמָּה הִיא תוֹלָה. רַבִּי חֲנִינָא בֶן אַנְטִיגְנוֹס אוֹמֵר, עַד כַּגְּרִיס שֶׁל פּוֹל, וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁלֹּא הָרְגָה. וְתוֹלָה בִבְנָהּ אוֹ בְּבַעְלָהּ. אִם יֶשׁ בָּהּ מַכָּה וְהִיא יְכוֹלָה לְהִגָּלַע וּלְהוֹצִיא דָם, הֲרֵי זוֹ תּוֹלָה בָהּ:
ב׳

ותולה (she hangs it/blames it) – the bloodstain that she found.

בכל דבר שהיא יכולה לתלות – to state that it (i.e., the bloodstain) was not from here.

מאכולת (louse) – vermin.

עד כמה הוא תולה – with the blood of a louse/vermin.

עד כגריס (the size of a bean/split bean) – but more than this, the blood of a louse is not that great. And in this, however, she blames, and even though she didn’t know that she killed it. But Rabbi Hanina [ben Antigonos] disputes the first Tanna/teacher who stated, that yes (i.e., she may place the blame upon it), if she killed it, but not, if she didn’t. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Hanina ben Antigonos.

ותולה בבנה ובבעלה – that lie next to her, if they have a wound, to state that this bloodstain was from them.

ואם יש בה מכה – that the skin/membrane lifted off [the wound].

והיא יכולה להתגלע (and she is able to scratch it open) – to be revealed. From the language (Proverbs 17:14): “Before a dispute flares up/לפני התגלע הריב [drop it]," that is to say, that he should the skin/membrane and peel it and the wound will be revealed and blood comes out from it, she may blame it (i.e., rely upon it).

ותולה. הכתם שמצאה:

בכל דבר שהיא יכולה לתלות. לומר שלא ממנה היה:

מאכולת. כינה:

עד כמה הוא תולה. בדם מאכולת:

עד כגריס. אבל טפי מהכי אין דם מאכולת כל כך גדול. ובהכי מיהא תליא ואף על פי שלא ידעה שהרגה. ור׳ חנינא פליג אתנא קמא דאמר הרגה אין, לא הרגה לא. ואין הלכה כר׳ חנינא בן אנטיגנוס:

ותולה בבנה ובבעלה. השוכבים אצלה אם יש בהן מכה, לומר שכתם זה מהן היה:

ואם יש בה מכה. שהעלתה קרום:

והיא יכולה להתגלע. להגלות. מלשון לפני התגלע הריב (משלי י״ז:י״ד). כלומר, שיסיר הקרום ויקלף ותתגלה המכה ויצא ממנה דם, תולה בה:

Mishnah 2

Mishnayos Niddah Perek 8 Mishnah 3

נדה פרק ח׳ משנה ג׳

3
There was an incident involving one woman who came before Rabbi Akiva. She said to him: I saw a blood stain. Rabbi Akiva said to her: Perhaps there was a wound on your body? She said to him: Yes, there was a wound and it healed. He said to her: Was it perhaps a wound that could reopen and bleed? She said to him: Yes it was. And Rabbi Akiva deemed her ritually pure. Rabbi Akiva saw his students looking at each other, wondering why he ruled leniently in this case. Rabbi Akiva said to them: What in this matter is difficult in your eyes? The reason I ruled this way is that the Sages did not state the matter of the impurity of blood stains in order to be stringent; rather, they instituted this impurity in order to be lenient, as it is stated: “And if a woman has an issue, and her issue in her flesh shall be blood” (Leviticus 15:19), from which it is derived that by Torah law, “blood” deems her impure, but not a stain. Impurity from a blood stain was instituted by the Sages, and they rule leniently in any case where the stain can be attributed to another source.
מַעֲשֶׂה בְאִשָּׁה אַחַת שֶׁבָּאת לִפְנֵי רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא, אָמְרָה לוֹ, רָאִיתִי כָתֶם. אָמַר לָהּ, שֶׁמָּא מַכָּה הָיְתָה בִיךְ. אָמְרָה לוֹ, הֵן, וְחָיְתָה. אָמַר לָהּ, שֶׁמָּא יְכוֹלָה לְהִגָּלַע וּלְהוֹצִיא דָם. אָמְרָה לוֹ, הֵן. וְטִהֲרָהּ רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא. רָאָה תַלְמִידָיו מִסְתַּכְּלִין זֶה בָזֶה. אָמַר לָהֶם, מַה הַדָּבָר קָשֶׁה בְעֵינֵיכֶם. שֶׁלֹּא אָמְרוּ חֲכָמִים הַדָּבָר לְהַחְמִיר אֶלָּא לְהָקֵל, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ויקרא טו), וְאִשָּׁה כִּי תִהְיֶה זָבָה דָּם יִהְיֶה זֹבָהּ בִּבְשָׂרָהּ, דָּם וְלֹא כָתֶם:
ג׳

דם ולא כתם – but it is the Sages who decreed on the bloodstains, therefore, we follow them for a lenient ruling.

דם ולא כתם. וחכמים הוא דגזור על הכתמים, לפיכך הולכים בהם להקל:

Mishnah Yomi FAQ

Still have a question? Contact Us