Parah 10:1 - 10:2

כל הראוי לטמא מדרס (all that is appropriate to be made ritually impure by treading – by someone with gonorrhea, a woman in flux, a woman after childbirth and a menstruating woman) – as for example, designated vessels for lying, sitting and riding.

מדף לחטאת (indirect contact for conferring ritual impurity – based upon Rabbinic decree – for objects above a man with gonorrhea for the purification rite) – if the pure person with the waters for purification/sin-offering shook them [so as to move it from its place]. Even they are pure for heave-offering [for a Kohen], those who shake them are defiled as if they are defiled through treading, and it is a mere stringency as we state [in Tractate Hagigah 18b -Mishnah Hagigah 2:7]: "בגדי אוכלי תרומה מדרס לקודש"/”The clothing of those who eat heave offering is in the status of Midras/treading uncleanness for those who eat Holy Things {i.e., officiating priests). We call it מדף/indirect contact by shaking, because it is a mere stringency of the Rabbis. It is he language of (Leviticus 26:36): “The sound of a driven leaf [shall put them to flight].”

ואדם כיוצא בהן – if a person who is clean/pure for a purification/sin-offering shook a person who is pure for heave-offering, the purification/sin-offering is defiled and those who are pure for heave-offering are considered as men who have gonorrhea/a flux regarding the sin-offering.

וכל הראוי ליטמא טמא מת - as for example, vessels that are not trodden subject to Levitical uncleanness through the immediate contact of someone with gonorrhea by treading or leaning against.

ר' אליעזר אומר אינו מדף – if he shook them it was not defiled for the purification/sin-offering.

ר' יהושע אומר מדף – if he shook them, even those that are pure are defiled for the purification/sin-offering. But the Rabbis dispute and divide it between those that are impure and those that are pure. There are three disputes in this matter, and the Halakha is according to the Sages (i.e., that which is [actually] unclean [because of the corpse] is [regarded as unclean with indirect contact/Maddaf uncleanness, and that which is [actually] clean is not [regarded as] unclean with Maddaf/indirect contact uncleanness).

שנגע במדף טמא – The upper part of a person with gonorrhea is called a מדף /Maddaf for if there were on top of a person with gonorrhea tent-covers one on top of another, all of them are impure through indirect contact for conferring ritual impurity, even the uppermost one that the person with gonorrhea did not have contact with. Just as [the case of] ten mattresses/beds one on top of the other and a person with gonorrhea lay down on the uppermost one, all of them are ritually impure according to the Torah because of lying, and even though he didn’t come in contact/touch the lowest ones, so also the upper tent-covers that are upon the person with gonorrhea, all of them are impure according to the Rabbis because of indirect contact/מדף and מeven though he did not come in contact with them. But there is a distinction between lying to indirect contact by shaking/מדף, that the person [who defiles] by lying becomes a primary source of ritual uncleanness/אב הטומאה to defile people and vessels, but the מדף/indirect contact through shaking is not other than a secondary source of impurity/ולד הטומאה to defile food and liquids but because of the stringency of the purification/sin-offering, people and vessels that came in contact in an indirect manner through shaking/מדף are impure for a purification/sin-offering (see also Tractate Eduyot, Chapter 6, Mishnah 2 and Tractate Zavim, Chapter 4, Mishnah 6).

לגין של חטאת (a flagon/bottle – smaller than a pitcher and larger than a cup of purification water) – it is a vessel that only requires rinsing to be restored to Levitical cleanness, and he wants to put in it the purification water.

שנגע במדף, טמא – and it requires ritual immersion.

שנגע באוכלין ומשקין – and even if they are ritually pure for heave-offering [for Kohanim] and for Holy Things.

בידו טמא – according to the law of impure food and liquids which defile the hands, that someone who is ritually pure for heave-offering and for Holy Things is invalid for purification/sin-offering, and further, there is an additional stringency regarding the purification/sin-offering that its body was defiled. And therefore, when it touched his hand with food and liquids it is impure.

ר' יהושע מטמא – for he decreed that shaking an object so as to move it from place to place is because of contact/touching. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehoshua.