Mikvaos 2:9 - 2:10

המסדר קנקנים בבור ונתמלאו אף על פי שבלע הבור את מימיו – but water that is in the cistern/pit is none other than that which are in the jars/cannisters.

הרי זה ישבר – according to Rabbi Yehoshua that one-quarter [of a LOG of water] invalidates [the Mikveh] and he breaks the jars/canisters and makes a Mikveh at the outset.

רבי יהושע אומר בטיט ובמים – when the water floats on top of the mud/plaster/clay and even his feet are sunk in the mud/clay/plaster, they immerse objects, according to Rabbi Yehoshua, because the waters came first. But Rabbi Eliezer does not have this line of thought. But if he would immerse a small utensil in the water that floats on top of the mud/clay/plaster, in this Rabbi Eliezer admits that the immersion was acceptable, since it did not sink in the mud/clay at all and [they] combine to complete forty Seah. And the Halakha is according to Rabbi Yehoshua.

שהקנה יורד מאליו – that it is soft and worn out so much that if they would put in it a reed, it would sink in the mud/clay/plaster on its own.

מקום שאין קנה המדה עומד – the rod/reed that they measure with does not stand on its own with it, and this is not soft and worn out like at first.

משקולת (plummet) – that which refers to builders/masons. And all of these measurements each one adds with the difficulty of the clay/plaster and its thickness, for the first is softer than all of them, and the second is harder than it, and the third is harder than it (i.e., the second), and similarly all of them.

בפי חבית – for its opening is narrow and small. But if the plaster/clay is so soft that it can spill and enter into the narrow mouth of the jar, the immersion has been successful.

שפופרת הנוד (the tube/mouthpiece of the leather bottle) – the tube of the reed that they place upon the mouth of the leather bottle when they pour into it. And the measure of the incision/hole of the tube of the reed that they place on the mouthpiece of the leather bottle, that it would return two mid-range fingers, which is the width of the two first fingers of the palm of the hand, but not the thumb.

הנמדד בלוג – all the time that it so soft that it can be measured by a LOG and this is the utensil that holds six eggs, it is measured with the Mikveh/ritual bath and they immerse in it. And the Halakha is according to Rabbi Yehuda.