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Today's Mishnah Yomi

Yevamos 13:2 - 13:3

The Mishnah Yomi for Friday, December 8, 2023 is Yevamos 13:2 - 13:3

Mishnah 1

Mishnayos Yevamos Perek 13 Mishnah 2

יבמות פרק י"ג משנה ב׳

2
Who is a minor girl who needs to perform refusal in order to annul her marriage? Any minor whose mother or brother married her off with her consent. If they married her off without her consent, she need not refuse her husband at all and may leave her husband without a declaration of refusal. Rabbi Ḥanina ben Antigonus says: Any girl who is so young that she cannot keep her betrothal, i.e., the money or document of betrothal, safe does not need to refuse, as the Sages instituted marriage only for a girl old enough to understand what she is doing. Rabbi Elazar says: The act of a minor girl is nothing, so that if a minor girl’s mother or brothers marry her off, the marriage is essentially invalid. Rather, her status is as though she were a seduced unmarried woman. Therefore, a minor daughter of a non-priest married to a priest may not eat teruma, and the minor daughter of a priest married to an Israelite may eat teruma.
אֵיזוֹ הִיא קְטַנָּה שֶׁצְּרִיכָה לְמָאֵן, כֹּל שֶׁהִשִּׂיאוּהָ אִמָּהּ וְאַחֶיהָ לְדַעְתָּהּ. הִשִּׂיאוּהָ שֶׁלֹּא לְדַעְתָּהּ, אֵינָהּ צְרִיכָה לְמָאֵן. רַבִּי חֲנִינָא בֶּן אַנְטִיגְנוֹס אוֹמֵר, כָּל תִּינוֹקֶת שֶׁאֵינָהּ יְכוֹלָה לִשְׁמֹר קִדּוּשֶׁיהָ, אֵינָהּ צְרִיכָה לְמָאֵן. רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר, אֵין מַעֲשֵׂה קְטַנָּה כְלוּם, אֶלָּא כִמְפֻתָּה. בַּת יִשְׂרָאֵל לְכֹהֵן, לֹא תֹאכַל בַּתְּרוּמָה. בַּת כֹּהֵן לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, תֹּאכַל בַּתְּרוּמָה:
ב׳

אין מעשה קטנה אלא כמפותה – for she is like someone who is not married, but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Eliezer. But the Halakha is according to Rabbi Hanina ben Antigonos. But a seduced woman from the age of six is in the legal status of someone who does not know how to preserve her betrothal [gift], and she does not need to protest/refuse, but older than six years of age, is in the legal status of someone who knows how to keep her betrothal [gift], and even though she is more confused/foolish. But from age six until age ten, she requires an examination if she knows how to keep her betrothal gift or not. And the girl may refuse/annul until she reaches the age of twelve years and one day and she shows signs [of puberty]. After that she does not refuse/annul, even if he did not come upon her [sexually]. But if he came upon her [sexually] after the age of twelve years and one day, even though she did not bring forth signs [of puberty], we suspect lest these signs fell off and he acquired her.

אין מעשה קטנה אלא כמפותה. דכמי שלא נישאת דמי. ואין הלכה כרבי אליעזר, והלכה כר׳ חנינא בן אנטיגנוס. ופחותה מבת שש בחזקת שאינה יודעת לשמור קידושיה ואינה צריכה למאן. ויותר מבת עשר, בחזקת שיודעת לשמור קידושיה ואף על פי שהיא סכלה ביותר. ומבת שש ועד בת עשר צריכה בדיקה אם יודעת לשמור קידושיה אם לאו. וממאנת הבת והולכת עד שתהא בת י״ב שנה ויום אחד ותביא סימנים. לאחר מכאן אינה ממאנת אפילו לא בא עליה. ואם בא עליה לאחר י״ב שנה ויום אחד אף על פי שלא הביאה סימנים חיישינן שמא נשרו הסימנים וקנאה:

Mishnah 2

Mishnayos Yevamos Perek 13 Mishnah 3

יבמות פרק י"ג משנה ג׳

3
Rabbi Eliezer ben Ya’akov says otherwise: If there is any obstruction in the matter due to the man, it is as if she were his wife. If there is any obstruction in the matter that is not due to the man, it is as if she were not his wife. This statement will be explained in the Gemara.
רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר בֶּן יַעֲקֹב אוֹמֵר, כָּל עַכָּבָה שֶׁהִיא מִן הָאִישׁ, כְּאִלּוּ הִיא אִשְׁתּוֹ. וְכָל עַכָּבָה שֶׁאֵינָהּ מִן הָאִישׁ, כְּאִלּוּ אֵינָהּ אִשְׁתּוֹ:
ג׳

כל עכבה שהיא מן האיש – he (i.e., the husband) gave her a Jewish bill of divorce, this is the hindrance that comes from the man, for since she did not refuse/protest him, she revealed her intention that all that she tarried/delayed with him was for him. If she protested/refused him, this is the hindrance that is not from the man, for she did not detain herself with him because of marriage, and our Mishnah explains that and continue.

כל עכבה שהיא מן האיש. נתן לה גט, זו היא עכבה שהיא מן האיש, דכיון דלא מיאנה גילתה דעתה שכל מה שהיתה מתעכבת אצלו היה בשבילו. מיאנה בו, זו היא עכבה שאינה מן האיש, שלא נתעכבה אצלו משום אישות. ומתניתין מפרש לה ואזיל:

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