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Today's Mishnah Yomi

Kesuvos 4:2 - 4:3

The Mishnah Yomi for Thursday, January 11, 2024 is Kesuvos 4:2 - 4:3

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Mishnah 1

Mishnayos Kesuvos Perek 4 Mishnah 2

כתובות פרק ד׳ משנה ב׳

2
One who betroths his minor daughter to a man, and the man subsequently divorces her, and her father then betroths her to another, and she is widowed, the payment specified in her marriage contract, even from her second husband, is his, i.e., it belongs to the father. However, if her father married her off and her husband divorced her, and her father then married her to another man and she was widowed, even the payment specified in her marriage contract from her first marriage is hers. Rabbi Yehuda says that the payment specified in the first marriage contract belongs to the father. They said to him: If it was after he married her off, even the first time, her father no longer has authority over her.
הַמְאָרֵס אֶת בִּתּוֹ, וְגֵרְשָׁהּ, אֵרְסָהּ וְנִתְאַרְמְלָה, כְּתֻבָּתָהּ שֶׁלּוֹ. הִשִּׂיאָהּ וְגֵרְשָׁהּ, הִשִּׂיאָהּ וְנִתְאַרְמְלָה, כְּתֻבָּתָהּ שֶׁלָּהּ. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, הָרִאשׁוֹנָה שֶׁל אָב. אָמְרוּ לוֹ, מִשֶּׁהִשִּׂיאָהּ, אֵין לְאָבִיהָ רְשׁוּת בָּהּ:
ב׳

כתובתה של אב – Her Ketubah which she collects from these years of betrothal, and he (i.e., the anonymous Tanna/teacher of the Mishnah) holds that there is a Ketubah for a betrothed woman, and in the days of her being a young woman (i.e., ages 12-12 ½) and a minor girl is stated.

כתובתה שלה – from when he (i.e., the father) married her off, his control has no legal effect and we follow after the collection and collection after this is what [occurs] and we don’t follow after the writing, to state that since, the first was written while she was under the control of her father, it should be for the father.

הראשונה של אב – for Rabbi Yehuda holds that we follow after the writing, and since the first Ketubah was written before the marriages while the daughter was under the control of the father, it belongs to the father, but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.

כתובתה של אב. כתובתה שהיא גובה משני אירוסין הללו. וקסבר יש כתובה לארוסה. ובימי נערות וקטנות קאמר:

כתובתה שלה. דמשהשיאה פקע רשותו, ובתר גוביינא אזלינן, וגוביינא בתר הכי הוא. ולא אזלינן בתר כתיבה לומר הואיל והראשונה נכתבה בעודה ברשות האב תיהוי דאב:

הראשונה של אב. דקסבר ר׳ יהודה בתר כתיבה אזלינן, והואיל וכתובה ראשונה נכתבה לפי הנשואין בעוד שהבת ברשות האב, הויא דאב. ואין הלכה כר׳ יהודה:

Mishnah 2

Mishnayos Kesuvos Perek 4 Mishnah 3

כתובות פרק ד׳ משנה ג׳

3
In the case of a female convert whose daughter converted with her and later, as a young woman, the daughter engaged in licentious sexual relations when she was betrothed, she is executed by strangulation, not stoning, the method of execution that would be employed had she been born Jewish. She has neither the halakha of being executed at the entrance to her father’s house, as in the case of a woman who was born Jewish who committed this crime, nor does she receive one hundred sela if her husband defamed her by falsely claiming that she had committed adultery. The reason is that the verses state “Israel” (Deuteronomy 22:19, 21) with regard to these halakhot, indicating that these halakhot apply only to those born as Jews. However, if the daughter’s conception occurred when her mother was not yet in a state of sanctity, i.e., when she was still a gentile, but her birth took place when her mother was in a state of sanctity, as her mother converted during her pregnancy, this daughter is punishable by stoning if she committed adultery as a betrothed young woman. However, she has neither the halakha of being executed at the entrance to her father’s house, nor the right to one hundred sela if it turns out that her husband defamed her. If her conception and birth occurred when her mother was in a state of sanctity, i.e., after she converted, she is like a regular Jewish woman in all matters. If a young woman who is betrothed commits adultery and she has a father but does not have an entrance to her father’s house, i.e., if her father does not possess a house of his own, or if she has an entrance to her father’s house but does not have a father, as he has passed away, she is nevertheless executed via stoning, as the requirement that she is to be executed at the entrance to her father’s house is stated only for a mitzva but it is not an indispensable requirement.
הַגִּיּוֹרֶת שֶׁנִּתְגַּיְּרָה בִתָּהּ עִמָּהּ, וְזִנְּתָה, הֲרֵי זוֹ בְּחֶנֶק. אֵין לָהּ לֹא פֶתַח בֵּית הָאָב, וְלֹא מֵאָה סָלַע. הָיְתָה הוֹרָתָהּ שֶׁלֹּא בִקְדֻשָּׁה וְלֵדָתָהּ בִּקְדֻשָּׁה, הֲרֵי זוֹ בִסְקִילָה. אֵין לָהּ לֹא פֶתַח בֵּית הָאָב וְלֹא מֵאָה סָלַע. הָיְתָה הוֹרָתָהּ וְלֵדָתָהּ בִּקְדֻשָּׁה, הֲרֵי הִיא כְבַת יִשְׂרָאֵל לְכָל דָּבָר. יֶשׁ לָהּ אָב וְאֵין לָהּ פֶּתַח בֵּית הָאָב, יֶשׁ לָהּ פֶּתַח בֵּית הָאָב וְאֵין לָהּ אָב, הֲרֵי זוֹ בִסְקִילָה. לֹא נֶאֱמַר פֶּתַח בֵּית אָבִיהָ, אֶלָּא לְמִצְוָה:
ג׳

וזנתה – [she fornicated] from the betrothal and she is a young woman.

הרי זו בחנק – and even she converted younger than the age of three years, for she is in the status of a virgin, for when it is written [in the Torah] regarding [the penalty of] stoning, it is written with regard to an engaged young woman, with the daughter of an Israelite, as it is written (Deuteronomy 22:21): “for she did a shameful thing in Israel, [committing fornication while under her father’s authority].”

ולא מאה סלע – for if the husband was found to be lying, for the entire portion is written with regard to an Israelite (and not a convert).

ולידתה בקדושה ה"ז סקילה – as Scripture states (Deuteronomy 22:21): “[and the men of the town] shall stone her to death,” for it does not need to say, “that she dies,” but rather, to include her conception that was not in a state of sanctity; but however, for a fine, we don’t include her, since for death she is included, but not for a fine.

יש לה אב – we are speaking about an Israelite woman.

ואין לה פתח בית אביה – as for example, when the father does not have a house.

וזנתה. מן האירוסין והיא נערה:

הרי זו בחנק. ואפילו נתגיירה פחותה מבת ג׳ שנים דבחזקת בתולה היא. דכי כתיבא סקילה בנערה מאורסה בבת ישראל כתיב, דכתיב (דברים כ״ב:כ״א) כי עשתה נבלה בישראל:

ולא מאה סלע. אם נמצא הבעל שקרן. דכולה פרשה בישראל כתיבא:

ולידתה בקדושה הרי זו בסקילה. דאמר קרא (שם) וסקלוה באבנים ומתה, שאין צריך לומר ומתה אלא לרבות הורתה שלא בקדושה. ומיהו לקנס לא מרבינן לה, דלמיתה נתרבית ולא לקנס:

יש לה אב. בישראלית קמיירי:

ואין לה פתח בית אב. כגון שאין לאב בית:

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