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Today's Mishnah Yomi

Sotah 8:3 - 8:4

The Mishnah Yomi for Wednesday, May 29, 2024 is Sotah 8:3 - 8:4

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Mishnah 1

Mishnayos Sotah Perek 8 Mishnah 3

סוטה פרק ח׳ משנה ג׳

3
And these are the men who do not return to their homes: One who builds a gateway, or an enclosed veranda [akhsadra], or a balcony; or one who plants no more than four fruit trees or even five or more non-fruit bearing trees; or one who remarries his divorced wife. Nor is there an exemption for one who has betrothed a woman whom he is not permitted to marry: With regard to a widow betrothed to a High Priest (see Leviticus 21:7); a divorcée or a yevama who performed ḥalitza [ḥalutza], in lieu of entering into a levirate marriage, betrothed to a common priest (see Leviticus 21:13–15); a mamzeret or a Gibeonite woman betrothed to an Israelite; or an Israelite woman betrothed to a mamzer or a Gibeonite (see Deuteronomy 23:3); such a man does not return to his home. Rabbi Yehuda says: Even one who rebuilds a house as it stood originally would not return. Rabbi Eliezer says: Even one who builds a new brick house in the Sharon would not return because these houses are not stable and are expected to collapse periodically.
וְאֵלּוּ שֶׁאֵינָן חוֹזְרִין. הַבּוֹנֶה בֵית שַׁעַר, אַכְסַדְרָה, מִרְפֶּסֶת. הַנּוֹטֵעַ אַרְבָּעָה אִילָנֵי מַאֲכָל, וַחֲמִשָּׁה אִילָנֵי סְרָק. הַמַּחֲזִיר אֶת גְּרוּשָׁתוֹ. אַלְמָנָה לְכֹהֵן גָּדוֹל, גְּרוּשָׁה וַחֲלוּצָה לְכֹהֵן הֶדְיוֹט, מַמְזֶרֶת וּנְתִינָה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, בַּת יִשְׂרָאֵל לְמַמְזֵר וּלְנָתִין, לֹא הָיָה חוֹזֵר. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, אַף הַבּוֹנֶה בַיִת עַל מְכוֹנוֹ, לֹא הָיָה חוֹזֵר. רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר, אַף הַבּוֹנֶה בֵית לְבֵנִים בַּשָּׁרוֹן, לֹא הָיָה חוֹזֵר:
ג׳

אילני סרק – such as cedar and sycamore that don’t produce fruit.

והמחזיר את גרושתו – and he betrothed her, he does not return to her for she is not new to him and in Scripture it is written (Deuteronomy 24:5): “[When a man has taken] a new bride, [he shall not go out with the army or be assigned to it for any purpose].”

אלמנה – and a High Priest betrothed her, he does not return [to her – a widow],as it is written (Deuteronomy 20:7): “[Is there anyone who has paid the bride-price for a wife,] but has not yet married er? [Let him go back to his home, lest he die in battle and another marry her],” but it was possible. To state, and he did not take her? What is “to take her?” that she is appropriate for him to take her [as a wife].

על מכונו – tore it down and built it like the first measure, he does not return [to live in it], for it is not new and it is worse than someone who purchases it or who inherits it.

הבונה בית לבנים בשרון – it is a place whose name is Sharon, and its land is not nice for bricks and it is not something enduring for they had to renew it twice every seven years.

אילני סרק. כגון ארזים ושקמים שאינם עושים פרי:

והמחזיר את גרושתו. ואירסה, אינו חוזר, שאינה חדשה לו, וקרא כתיב אשה חדשה:

אלמנה. ואירסה כהן גדול, אינו חוזר בשבילה, דכתיב ולא לקחה, והיה אפשר לומר ולא לקח, מאי לקחה, שתהא ראויה לו ללקיחה:

על מכונו. סתרו ובנאו כמדה ראשונה. אינו חוזר, דלאו חדש הוא, וגרע מהלוקח והיורש:

הבונה בית לבנים בשרון. מקום הוא ששמו שרון, ואין הקרקע שלו יפה ללבנים, ולא הוי דבר של קיימא, שהיו צריכין לחדשה שני פעמים כל שבע שנים:

Mishnah 2

Mishnayos Sotah Perek 8 Mishnah 4

סוטה פרק ח׳ משנה ד׳

4
These are the men who do not even move from their places because they do not even report to the camp: One who built a house and dedicated it within the year; one who planted a vineyard and used its fruit for less than a year; one who marries his betrothed and one who marries his yevama, his brother’s widow who must enter into a levirate marriage or perform ḥalitza, as it is stated: “When a man takes a new wife, he shall not go out with the army…he shall be free for his house one year, and shall cheer his wife whom he has taken” (Deuteronomy 24:5). The mishna interprets the verse as follows: “For his house”; this means his house that he built. “He shall be”; this term includes his vineyard. “And shall cheer his wife”; this is his wife. “Whom he has taken”; this phrase comes to include his yevama, who is considered his wife with respect to this halakha although he has not yet married her. Those who are exempt for these reasons do not even provide water and food to the soldiers, and they do not repair the roads.
וְאֵלּוּ שֶׁאֵין זָזִין מִמְּקוֹמָן. בָּנָה בַיִת וַחֲנָכוֹ, נָטַע כֶּרֶם וְחִלְּלוֹ, הַנּוֹשֵׂא אֶת אֲרוּסָתוֹ, הַכּוֹנֵס אֶת יְבִמְתּוֹ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (דברים כד), נָקִי יִהְיֶה לְבֵיתוֹ שָׁנָה אֶחָת. לְבֵיתוֹ, זֶה בֵּיתוֹ. יִהְיֶה, זֶה כַּרְמוֹ. וְשִׂמַּח אֶת אִשְׁתּוֹ, זוֹ אִשְׁתּוֹ. אֲשֶׁר לָקָח, לְהָבִיא אֶת יְבִמְתּוֹ. אֵינָן מַסְפִּיקִין מַיִם וּמָזוֹן וְאֵינָן מְתַקְּנִין אֶת הַדְּרָכִים:
ד׳

ואלו שאין זזין ממקומן – for those above go until the border. And there, we hear the words of the Kohen and they return from the battlefield into the midst of the land of Israel. But they do not return to their homes but rather engage in providing water and food to those who go to war and these do not move from their places and even to go to the border line and to return at the direction of the Kohen.

הבונה בית וחנכו – and do not live in it for a year yet, and similarly, one who plants a vineyard and redeem it, and the fourth year has not yet passed upon it.

נקי יהיה לביתו – for his house.

יהיה – an amplification which the Biblical verse adds to you which is something other that should be like this.

ואלו שאין זזין ממקומן. דהנך דלעיל הולכים עד הגבול ושם שומעין דברי כהן וחוזרים מן המערכה לתוך ארץ ישראל ואין חוזרין לבתיהן אלא עוסקים לספק מים ומזון להולכים למלחמה. ואלו אין זזין ממקומן ואפילו ללכת עד הספר ולשוב על פי כהן:

הבונה בית וחנכו. ולא דר בו עדיין שנה. וכן הנוטע כרם וחללו, ועדיין לא עברה שנה רביעית שלימה עליו:

נקי יהיה לביתו. בשביל ביתו:

יהיה. לריבויא הוא. הוסיף לך הכתוב הויה אחרת להיות כזו:

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