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Today's Mishnah Yomi

Bava Metzia 7:4 - 7:5

The Mishnah Yomi for Saturday, October 19, 2024 is Bava Metzia 7:4 - 7:5

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Mishnah 1

Mishnayos Bava Metzia Perek 7 Mishnah 4

בבא מציעא פרק ז׳ משנה ד׳

4
If a laborer was performing labor with figs he may not eat grapes; if he was performing labor with grapes he may not eat figs, as he may eat only the type of food with which he is working. This is the halakha even if he was employed to perform labor with both types of produce but is currently performing labor with only one of them. But he may hold himself back from eating until he reaches a place of good-quality grapes or figs and eat from these, as they are the same type of food. And with regard to all of these cases the Sages said that he may eat only at the time of work. But due to the obligation to restore lost property to its owners, i.e., so that workers would not neglect their task, they said that laborers may eat as they walk from one row of a vineyard or plantation to another row, and upon their return from the winepress. And with regard to a donkey, it is permitted to eat when it is being unloaded. This statement will be explained in the Gemara.
הָיָה עוֹשֶׂה בִתְאֵנִים, לֹא יֹאכַל בַּעֲנָבִים, בַּעֲנָבִים, לֹא יֹאכַל בִּתְאֵנִים. אֲבָל מוֹנֵעַ אֶת עַצְמוֹ עַד שֶׁמַּגִּיעַ לִמְקוֹם הַיָּפוֹת וְאוֹכֵל. וְכֻלָּן לֹא אָמְרוּ אֶלָּא בִשְׁעַת מְלָאכָה, אֲבָל מִשּׁוּם הָשֵׁב אֲבֵדָה לַבְּעָלִים אָמְרוּ, פּוֹעֲלִים אוֹכְלִין בַּהֲלִיכָתָן מֵאֻמָּן לְאֻמָּן, וּבַחֲזִירָתָן מִן הַגַּת, וּבַחֲמוֹר כְּשֶׁהִיא פוֹרָקֶת:
ד׳

מפני השב אבדה לבעלים – so that he will not be idle from his labor.

אמרו פועלים אוכלים בהליכתן מאומן לאומן – when they have finished this row and walk to begin its neighbor, and even though at that hour, it is not the time of work, it is pleasing to the owner with this.

וחמור כשהיא פורקת – while it is walking, it eats from the burden that is on its back until she unloads.

מפני השב אבדה לבעלים. שלא יבטל ממלאכתו ויאכל:

אמרו פועלים אוכלים בהליכתן מאומן לאומן. בשגמרו שורה זו והולכים להתחיל בחברתה. ואף על גב דההיא שעתא לאו שעת מלאכה היא, ניחא ליה לבעל הבית בהא:

וחמור כשהיא פורקת. בהליכתה אוכלת ממשאוי שעל גבה עד שתהא פורקת:

Mishnah 2

Mishnayos Bava Metzia Perek 7 Mishnah 5

בבא מציעא פרק ז׳ משנה ה׳

5
A laborer may eat cucumbers while he works, and this is the halakha even if the amount he eats is equal in value to a dinar; or he may eat dates, and this is the halakha even if the amount he eats is equal in value to a dinar. Rabbi Elazar Ḥisma says: A laborer may not eat more than the value of his wages, but the Rabbis permit it, according to the strict letter of the law. But one teaches a person not to be a glutton and thereby close the opening to other job offers in his face. When people hear of his greed they will be reluctant to hire him.
אוֹכֵל פּוֹעֵל קִשּׁוּת אֲפִלּוּ בְדִינָר, וְכוֹתֶבֶת אֲפִלּוּ בְדִינָר. רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר חִסְמָא אוֹמֵר, לֹא יֹאכַל פּוֹעֵל יָתֵר עַל שְׂכָרוֹ. וַחֲכָמִים מַתִּירִין, אֲבָל מְלַמְּדִין אֶת הָאָדָם שֶׁלֹּא יְהֵא רַעַבְתָן וִיהֵא סוֹתֵם אֶת הַפֶּתַח בְּפָנָיו:
ה׳

אפילו בדינר – even if it is worth the equivalent of a denar.

לא יאכל פועל יותר על שכרו – as Scripture states, “until you are full,” while he is hired, for it is upon him as he obligates himself to ascend the ramp or to hang in the tree.

מלמדין – we say to him via advice that is appropriate, but the first Tanna disputes the Sages and states that we don’t teach him, and Halakha is according to the Sages.

ויהא סותם את הפתח – and they will be prevented from hiring him.

אפילו בדינר. אפילו היא שוה דינר:

לא יאכל פועל יותר על שכרו. דאמר קרא בנפשך, כשכירותו, שעליו הוא מוסר את נפשו לעלות בכבש וליתלות באילן:

מלמדין. אומרים לו דרך עצה הוגנת. ותנא קמא פליג אחכמים ואמר אין מלמדין. והלכה כחכמים:

ויהא סותם את הפתח. שימנעו מלשכרו:

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