Today's Mishnah Yomi
Yevamos 2:7 - 2:8
The Mishnah Yomi for Sunday, October 29, 2023 is Yevamos 2:7 - 2:8
Mishnah 1
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Mishnayos Yevamos Perek 2 Mishnah 7
יבמות פרק ב׳ משנה ז׳
Bartenura
שנים שקידשו שתי אחיות. והם נכרים:
זה חולץ לשתיהן כו׳ משום דכל חד מינייהו אסור ליבומי, דדלמא כל חד וחד פגע באחות זקוקתו:
היחיד חולץ לשתיהן. שאי אפשר לו ליבם, לא קודם חליצה של שניה משום אחות זקוקה, ולא לאחר חליצה משום אחות חלוצה. לפיכך הואיל ואסור ליבם יחלוץ תחלה לשתיהן, כדי להוציא אותה שהיא יבמתו מאיסור יבמה לשוק:
והשנים אחד חולץ. לאפקועי זיקה מאחיו אם זו יבמתו, ותשתרי אחותה לשני ממה נפשך, אי יבמתו היא, שפיר, ואי אחותה היא הא פקעה זיקת היבמה מיניה בחליצת אחיו:
אחיו של זה מייבם חלוצתו של זה. ממה נפשך, אם זו יבמתו שפיר נסיב, שהרי אחיו לא חלץ לזו אלא לאחותה שלא היתה יבמתו ואינה כלום. ואי לאו יבמתו היא שפיר נסיב, נכריה היא, דאי משום אחות זקוקה ליכא, שהרי חלץ אחיו את אחותה שהיא יבמתו ופקעה זיקה. ואי משום יבמה לשוק, הרי חלצה זו מאחי בעלה:
קדמו שני אחין. של אחד וחלצו לשתיהן משום דלא ידעי איזו היא יבמתו:
לא ייבמו. שני אחים האחרים זה את זו וזה את זו, משום דקמא דנסיב אית ליה למימר זו היא אחות זקוקתו: אלא אחד חולץ תחלה, לאחת:
ואחד מיבם. לשניה, ממה נפשך, אי יבמתו היא שפיר, ואי לאו, באחות זקוקה לא פגע, שהרי חלץ אחיו ליבמתו. ויבמה לשוק לא הוי, שהרי חלצה מאחי בעלה:
ואם קדמו. אלו ב׳ אחרונים וכנסו אחר חליצת שנים האחרים ולא באו לימלך בב״ד, אין מוציאין מידן, כדפרישית, שהרי אין כאן אלא ספק איסור אחות זקוקה בנישואי ראשונה, ואיכא למימר קמא דנסיב יבמתו היא ושפיר נסיב, ובתרא נמי שפיר נסיב נכריה, ואי נמי הוי אינסיבא איפכא וקמא פגע באחות זקוקה ; כיון שבא שני ויבם פקעה זיקתה מאחיו והותרה לו אשתו, ואיסורא דעבד עבד:
Mishnah 2
Mishnayos Yevamos Perek 2 Mishnah 8
יבמות פרק ב׳ משנה ח׳
Bartenura
מצוה בגדול ליבם – for we expound (Deuteronomy 25:5-6): “he shall take her as his wife and perform the levir’s duty. The first son/והיה הבכור that she bears [shall be accounted to the dead brother [that his name may not be blotted out in Israel],” that the person who performs the levirate marriage should be a first-born, “that she bears” and that sister-in-law should be worthy to give birth, excluding a barren woman; יקום/shall be accounted – the first born who performs as the levir in the name of his brother to cause him to inherit and not that his brothers divide it with him.
הנטען על אשת איש – who is suspected of [having a sexual relationship with] a married woman
והוציאוה – and the Jewish court removed her from under her husband, for that reason that she is prohibited to him and this one went and married her.
יוציא – that from the Torah, she is forbidden also to him, as she is forbidden to the husband, as we expounded, that once she is defiled, she is defiled twice – once to the husband and the other time to the person engaged in sexual relations wither. And specifically one who is suspected [of having intercourse] with a married woman, but one who is suspected [of having intercourse] with a free/unattached woman, it appears that it is Mitzvah to marry [her] as we find concerning rape (Deuteronomy 22:19): “Moreover, she shall remain is wife; [he shall never have the right to divorce her].”
מצוה בגדול ליבם. דדרשינן ולקחה לו לאשה ויבמה והיה הבכור, המיבם יהא בכור. אשר תלד, ואותה יבמה תהא ראויה לילד, פרט לאילונית. יקום הבכור היבם על שם אחיו לנחול אותו, ולא יחלקו אחיו עמו:
הנטען על אשת איש. החשוד על אשת איש:
והוציאוה. ב״ד מתחת בעלה, בשביל זה שאסרה עליו, והלך זה ונשאה:
יוציא. דמדאורייתא אסורה נמי לו כמו שאסורה לבעל, כדדרשינן מנטמאה נטמאה ב׳ פעמים, אחד לבעל ואחד לבועל. ודוקא הנטען על אשת איש, אבל נטען על הפנויה, נראה דמצוה לכנוס, כדאשכחן גבי אונס (דברים כ״ב:י״ט) ולו תהיה לאשה:
Mishnah Yomi FAQ
What is Mishnah Yomi?
Mishnah Yomi is a daily study program where participants study two mishnayot (individual teachings from the Mishnah) every day. By following this program, one can complete the entire Mishnah in about six years.
What is the Mishnah?
The Mishnah is the first major written collection of Jewish oral traditions, forming the basis of the Talmud. It dates back to around 200 CE and consists of teachings and discussions of Jewish law by various rabbis.
Who started the Mishnah Yomi program?
In 1934, the Kozoglover Gaon, Rav Aryeh Tzvi Frommer, who took over from Rav Meir Shapiro (the founder of Daf Yomi) as the head of Yeshivas Chachmei Lublin, initiated the Mishnah Yomi cycle, focusing on Seder Zeraim and Seder Taharos. After World War II, in 1947, Rav Yonah Sztencl, a disciple of Rav Frommer, expanded the program, advocating for a comprehensive study of Shishah Sidrei Mishnah. The idea of studying two Mishnayos daily gained the support of figures like Rav Isser Zalman Meltzer, the Tchebiner Rov, and the Gerer Rebbe, marking the formal inception of Mishnah Yomi.
How long does it take to complete the Mishnah with Mishnah Yomi?
Following the Mishnah Yomi program, one can complete the Mishnah in approximately six years.
Can anyone join Mishnah Yomi?
Yes, anyone interested in studying the Mishnah can start the Mishnah Yomi cycle. There’s no need for prior knowledge; beginners are welcome.
Do I need to know Hebrew to study Mishnah Yomi?
While the Mishnah is originally in Hebrew, there are numerous translations and commentaries available in various languages, making it accessible to anyone interested in studying.
Is there a specific time of day to study Mishnah Yomi?
There’s no designated time. Participants can choose a time that best fits their schedule.
Can I study Mishnah Yomi with a group?
Yes, many communities and synagogues organize group study sessions for Mishnah Yomi. Studying in a group can enhance understanding and foster camaraderie.
What if I miss a day?
If you miss a day, you can catch up by studying the missed mishnayot alongside the current day’s study or by dedicating some extra time until you’re back on track.
שנים שקדשו שתי אחיות – two strangers (i.e., not related to each other).
זה חולץ לשתיהן כו' – because each of them is prohibited to perform levirate marriages for perhaps eah one of them came in contact with the sister of his levirate connection.
היחיד חולץ לשתיהן – for it is impossible for him to perform levirate marriage not prior to the Halitzah of the second because of [the prohibition of] the sister of his levirate relation, but not after Halitzah because of the sister of the woman undergoing Halitzah; therefore, since it is prohibited to perform levirate marriage, he should perform Halitzah to both of them in order to remove her [i.e., the woman] who is his Yevamah /widow of her deceased husband who died without issue from the prohibition of a woman who is the widow of a deceased husband who died without issue from the general public.
והשנים אחד חולץ – to cause a release of the levirate relation from his brother, if this woman is his Yevama/widow of his dead brother who died without issue, and permit her sister to the second [brother] whatever you want, if she is his sister-in-law/Yevamah, fine, and if she is her sister, you have released the levirate relation of the sister-in-law from him through the ac of Halitzah by his brother.
אחיו של זה מייבם חלוצתו של זה – whatever you want if this is his sister-in-law, he marries her and it is well and good, for his brother did not perform Halitzah on that one but rather on her sister, who was not his sister-in-law and is not anything [to him] and if she is not his sister-in-law , he has done well by marrying a stranger (i.e., unconnected woman), for if it were because she is the sister of the levirate relation, it is nothing, since his brother performed on Halitzah with her sister who is his sister-in-law/Yevamah, and the levirate relation of the sister-in-law has been released, but if it was because it was an entrance to the open marketplace, this one has performed Halitzah with the brothers of her husband.
קדמו שני אחין – of one of them and they performed Halitzah with both of them (i.e., the women) to his a
לא ייבמו – the two [other] brothers, one with this [woman] and that one (i.e., brother) with the other [woman] because the first one that marries, is able to say, this woman is the sister of his levirate relation, but rather, one [brother] performs Halitzah first to one of
ואחד מיבם – and the other [brother] performs levirate marriage with the second, whatever you want, if he is sister-in-law, fine, and if not, he has not come in contact with the sister of his levirate relation for his brother performed Halitzah and a sister-in-law in the free market does not happen, for she underwent Halitzah from the brothers of her husband.
ואם קדמו – these latter two [brothers] and married after the Halitzah of the two other [women] and they did not come to take council with the Jewish court, we don’t remove them from their hands as we have explained, for here is nothing here other than a doubtful prohibition of the sister of one’s levirate relation om the first marriage, and one can state that the first that married his sister-in-law and it is well tha the married, and the latter, also did well by marrying strange (i.e., unattached) woman, or alternatively, if if they married in reverse, that the father-in-law came in contact with the sister of his levirate relation and since he second [brother] came and performed levirate marriage, her levirate connection has been severed from his brother and she is permitted to him as his wife, but the prohibition that he performed was performed.