Today's Mishnah Yomi
Yevamos 2:9 - 2:10
The Mishnah Yomi for Monday, October 30, 2023 is Yevamos 2:9 - 2:10
Mishnah 1
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Mishnayos Yevamos Perek 2 Mishnah 9
יבמות פרק ב׳ משנה ט׳
Bartenura
המביא גט ממדינת הים. צריך שיאמר בפני נכתב ובפני נחתם. וטעמא מפורש בגיטין, למר משום שאין בקיאין לשמה, ולמר שאין עדים מצויין לקיימו:
לא ישא את אשתו. משום דאדבוריה סמכינן:
מת הרגתיו וכו׳ הואיל ועל עדותו נישאת, איכא לזות שפתים, שמא עיניו נתן בה והעיד עדות שקר עליה. אבל תנשא לאחר, דאשה נישאת בעד אחד:
ר״י אומר הרגתיו לא תנשא אשתו. בעדותו אפילו לאחר, מפני שהוא רשע והתורה אמרה אל תשת רשע עד. ואין הלכה כר״י. דקיי״ל אין אדם משים עצמו רשע, דאדם קרוב אצל עצמו. ומהימנינן ליה שנהרג, אבל לא מהימנינן ליה במאי דאמר שהוא הרגו. והלכך אפילו כי אמר הרגתיו תנשא אשתו:
הרגנוהו תנשא אשתו. מפורש בגמרא, באומר אני הייתי עם הורגיו אבל אני לא הרגתיו:
Mishnah 2
Mishnayos Yevamos Perek 2 Mishnah 10
יבמות פרק ב׳ משנה י׳
Bartenura
בנדר – she took a vow refusing any benefit/favor from her husband and he did not and he did not invalidate it and she came to a Sage to release her and he did not find an opening for regret for a vow made under misapprehension.
לא ישאנה – because of suspicion.
שהוא ב"ד – meaning to say, a woman’s protest against a marriage contracted during her minority and Halitzah – this Sage did not do as an individual because we hold that Halitzah and a woman’s protest against a marriage contracted during her minority [we require a court] of two or three we don’t suspect, but the release from vows [is performed] by an expert individual.
וכולן – the Sage and he person bringing a Jewish bill of divorce and a person testifying about a woman to [be allowed] to marry her, as are taught about in the Mishnah, he should not take her in marriage if he had wives at the time of the action but if they died afterwards, they (i.e., the women) are permitted to marry them for now there is no suspicion.
וכולן – these women.
שנישאו לאחרים – that the Sage forbade or to the witness or to the person who brings the Jewish bill of divorce [from abroad].
וכולן מותרות לבניהם ולאחיהן – of these who permit them and they are not forbidden other than to them alone, for a man does not sin for his son or for his brothers, and all those that we mentioned, one should not marry, and if he married, he should not remove/divorce except for the where there is a claim that she I s married woman, for if the Jewish court removed her from her husband with witness and clear proof, even if he married her, he should remove/divorce her. But if witnesses came regarding an ugly matter alone, such as that they saw a man going out and she is wearing [only] a petticoat/breech-cloth (and Ezra, according to Talmud Bava Kamma 82a ordained that a woman must wear such clothing as a matter of chastity), or a man goes out and she is standing on top of the bed and similar kinds of things, if he married her, he cannot remove/divorce her, and if after the witnesses about an ugly matter came and a rumor went out and didn’t cease for the rumor stood for a day-and-a-half, if he married her, he should divorce her, other than if they had children from her, for then, he doesn’t remove her in order to not to cast aspersion upon his children.
בנדר. שנדרה הנאה מבעלה ולא הפר לה, ובאת לחכם להתיר לה ולא מצא פתח לחרטה:
לא ישאנה. משום חשד:
שהוא בית דין. כלומר, מיאון או חליצה לא עשה חכם זה ביחידי, משום דקיי״ל חליצה ומיאונים בשנים ושלשה לא חשידי. אבל היתר נדרים ביחיד מומחה:
וכולן. החכם והמביא גט והמעיד על האשה להשיאה, דתנן בהו לא יכנוס, אם היה להן נשים בשעת מעשה, ומתו אח״כ, מותרות להנשא להם דהשתא ליכא חשד:
וכולן. הנשים הללו:
שנישאו לאחרים. כשאסרה החכם או כשהעיד העד שמת בעלה, ומתו הבעלים השניים:
מותרות לינשא. לחכם ולעד ולמביא גט:
וכולן מותרות לבניהם ולאחיהן. של אלו המתירים אותן. ואינן אסורות אלא להם לבדם, דאין אדם חוטא בשביל בנו או בשביל אחיו. וכל הני דאמרינן לא יכנוס, אם כנס אינו מוציא, חוץ מהנטען על אשת איש שאם הוציאוה בית דין מתחת בעלה בעדים וראיה ברורה, אפילו אם כנס יוציא. ואם באו עדי דבר מכוער בלבד, כגון שראו אדם יוצא והיא חוגרת בסינר או אדם יוצא והיא עומדת מעל המטה וכיוצא בזה, אם כנס לא יוציא. ואם לאחר שבאו עדי דבר מכוער יצא קלא דלא פסיק, שעמד הקול יום וחצי, אם כנס יוציא, אלא אם כן היו לו בנים ממנה שאז אינו מוציא, כדי שלא להוציא לעז על בניו:
Mishnah Yomi FAQ
What is Mishnah Yomi?
Mishnah Yomi is a daily study program where participants study two mishnayot (individual teachings from the Mishnah) every day. By following this program, one can complete the entire Mishnah in about six years.
What is the Mishnah?
The Mishnah is the first major written collection of Jewish oral traditions, forming the basis of the Talmud. It dates back to around 200 CE and consists of teachings and discussions of Jewish law by various rabbis.
Who started the Mishnah Yomi program?
In 1934, the Kozoglover Gaon, Rav Aryeh Tzvi Frommer, who took over from Rav Meir Shapiro (the founder of Daf Yomi) as the head of Yeshivas Chachmei Lublin, initiated the Mishnah Yomi cycle, focusing on Seder Zeraim and Seder Taharos. After World War II, in 1947, Rav Yonah Sztencl, a disciple of Rav Frommer, expanded the program, advocating for a comprehensive study of Shishah Sidrei Mishnah. The idea of studying two Mishnayos daily gained the support of figures like Rav Isser Zalman Meltzer, the Tchebiner Rov, and the Gerer Rebbe, marking the formal inception of Mishnah Yomi.
How long does it take to complete the Mishnah with Mishnah Yomi?
Following the Mishnah Yomi program, one can complete the Mishnah in approximately six years.
Can anyone join Mishnah Yomi?
Yes, anyone interested in studying the Mishnah can start the Mishnah Yomi cycle. There’s no need for prior knowledge; beginners are welcome.
Do I need to know Hebrew to study Mishnah Yomi?
While the Mishnah is originally in Hebrew, there are numerous translations and commentaries available in various languages, making it accessible to anyone interested in studying.
Is there a specific time of day to study Mishnah Yomi?
There’s no designated time. Participants can choose a time that best fits their schedule.
Can I study Mishnah Yomi with a group?
Yes, many communities and synagogues organize group study sessions for Mishnah Yomi. Studying in a group can enhance understanding and foster camaraderie.
What if I miss a day?
If you miss a day, you can catch up by studying the missed mishnayot alongside the current day’s study or by dedicating some extra time until you’re back on track.
המביא גט ממדינת הים – he must state, “in my presence it was written and in my presence it was signed,” and the reason is explained in [Tractate] Gittin (see Bartenura commentary to Chapter 1, Mishnah 1) for [according to] one Master, because they are not expert in [writing the Jewish bill of divorce] for her sake, and to the [other] Master, because witnesses are not found to attest to it.
לא ישא את אשתו – because we rely upon his word.
מת הרגתיו וכו' – since it was upon his testimony that she married, and it is possible to slander, lest his eyes were upon her and he made a false testimony about her but she could marry to another, for a woman can be married [upon the testimony] of one witness.
ר"י אומר הרגתיו לא תנשא אשתו – through his testimony even to another because he is a wicked person, and the Torah stated (Exodus 23:1): “You shall not join hands with the guilty [to act as a malicious] witness,” but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda, for we hold that a person does not incriminate himself (i.e., his testimony against himself has no legal effect -see Tractate Sanhedrin 9b), for a person is considered a relative regarding himself, and we believe him that that he was killed, but we don’t believe him regarding what he said that he killed him, and therefore, even if he said that he killed him, you can marry his wife.”
הרגנוהו תנשא אשתו – it is explained in the Gemara (Tractate Yevamot 25b) when he says: I was with those who killed him, but I did not kill him.