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Today's Mishnah Yomi

Yevamos 4:11 - 4:12

The Mishnah Yomi for Friday, November 10, 2023 is Yevamos 4:11 - 4:12

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Mishnah 1

Mishnayos Yevamos Perek 4 Mishnah 11

יבמות פרק ד׳ משנה י"א

11
In a case of four brothers married to four women and some of the brothers died childless, their wives thereby become yevamot. If the eldest of the brothers who survived wished to consummate the levirate marriage with all of his yevamot, he has permission to do so. In the case of one who was married to two women and died childless, the intercourse or ḥalitza of either one of the wives with the yavam releases her rival wife from the levirate bond, and the rival wife need not enter into levirate marriage or perform ḥalitza. If one of these women was fit to marry into the priesthood and one was unfit, then if he performs ḥalitza, he should perform ḥalitza with the unfit woman rather than with the one who is fit for the priesthood, since doing so with the woman who is fit would needlessly disqualify her from marrying into the priesthood. But if he consummates the levirate marriage, he may consummate the levirate marriage with the one who is fit.
אַרְבָּעָה אַחִין נְשׂוּאִין אַרְבַּע נָשִׁים, וָמֵתוּ, אִם רָצָה הַגָּדוֹל שֶׁבָּהֶם לְיַבֵּם אֶת כֻּלָּן, הָרְשׁוּת בְּיָדוֹ. מִי שֶׁהָיָה נָשׂוּי לִשְׁתֵּי נָשִׁים, וָמֵת, בִּיאָתָהּ אוֹ חֲלִיצָתָהּ שֶׁל אַחַת מֵהֶן פּוֹטֶרֶת צָרָתָהּ. הָיְתָה אַחַת כְּשֵׁרָה, וְאַחַת פְּסוּלָה, אִם הָיָה חוֹלֵץ, חוֹלֵץ לַפְּסוּלָה. וְאִם הָיָה מְיַבֵּם, מְיַבֵּם לַכְּשֵׁרָה:
י"א

ארבעה אחים וכו' – and the same law applies even also with many wives, if it is possible to support them, permission is in his bands to marry all of them, and the fact that it (i.e., the Mishnah) took four is good advice: for it comes to teach us, for yes, more than that, no, for just as the duty of marital visits at certain intervals arrives during the month.

ביאתה או חליצתה פוטרת צרתה – and he doesn’t perform levirate marriage with both of them, as it is written (Deuteronomy 25:9): “who will not build up his brother’s house.” One house he builds, but he does not build up two houses. And he doesn’t perform Halitzah with both of them, and whomever does not come up for levirate marrae does not come up for Halitzah, for since that both of them like each other do not go up for lievirate marriage, as we stated, he builds one house,” so also, they don’t go up for Halitzah.

חולץ לפסולה – and he will not disqualify that [woman who is] fit [to marry into] the priesthood, for a woman who has undergone Halitzah is disqualified from the priesthood, and a man should not empty the waters of his cistern and others need it.

ארבעה אחים וכו׳ הוא הדין אפילו נשי טובא נמי, אם אפשר בסיפוקייהו הרשות בידו לכנוס את כולן. והאי דנקט ארבע, עצה טובה קמשמע לן, ארבע אין טפי לא, כי היכי דנמטייהו עונה בחודש:

ביאתה או חליצתה של אחת מהן פוטרת צרתה. ולא מיבם לתרוייהו, דכתיב (דברים כ״ה:ט׳) אשר לא יבנה את בית אחיו, בית אחד הוא בונה ואינו בונה שני בתים. ולא חליץ לתרוייהו, שכל שאינו עולה ליבום אינו עולה לחליצה, והואיל ותרווייהו כי הדדי לא סלקי ליבום כדאמרינן בית אחד הוא בונה, הכי נמי לא סלקי לחליצה:

חולץ לפסולה. ולא יפסול את הכשרה לכהונה, שהחלוצה פסולה לכהונה, ולא ישפוך אדם מי בורו ואחרים צריכין להן:

Mishnah 2

Mishnayos Yevamos Perek 4 Mishnah 12

יבמות פרק ד׳ משנה י"ב

12
With regard to one who remarries his divorcée after she had been married to another man from whom she was then widowed or divorced, or one who marries the woman with whom he performed ḥalitza [ḥalutza], or one who marries a relative of his ḥalutza, since all such marriages are forbidden he must divorce her, and the offspring born from such unions is a mamzer; this is the statement of Rabbi Akiva. He holds that even the offspring from relations forbidden by a prohibition punishable by lashes is a mamzer. The Rabbis say: The offspring in those cases is not a mamzer, but they concede with regard to one who marries a relative of his divorcée, a union forbidden by a prohibition entailing karet, that the offspring is a mamzer. They hold that only the offspring from relations forbidden by a prohibition entailing karet is a mamzer.
הַמַּחֲזִיר גְּרוּשָׁתוֹ, וְהַנּוֹשֵׂא חֲלוּצָתוֹ, וְהַנּוֹשֵׂא קְרוֹבַת חֲלוּצָתוֹ, יוֹצִיא, וְהַוָּלָד מַמְזֵר, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, אֵין הַוָּלָד מַמְזֵר. וּמוֹדִים בְּנוֹשֵׂא קְרוֹבַת גְּרוּשָׁתוֹ, שֶׁהַוָּלָד מַמְזֵר:
י"ב

מהחזיר את גרושתו – from whom he was married.

והנושא את חלוצתו – since we establish regarding him with the negative commandment (Deuteronomy 25:9): “ [Thus shall be done to the man] who will not build up his brother’s house,” since he did not “build up,” he furthermore will not build up.

והנושא קרובת חלוצתו – since Rabbi Akiva holds that the woman who takes off the shoe and spits in his face (by refusing to perform levirate marriage) is like his wife, and Scripture calls her, “his house,” as it is written (Deuteronomy 25:10): “the family of the un-sandaled one.” And also, Rabbi Akiva holds that there is a Mamzer from those who are liable for violating negative commandments, but this is not the Halakha.

קרובת גרושתו – for his divorced wife is like his wife, and her mother and her sister [if they are subsequently married to him] make him liable for extirpation.

המחזיר את גרושתו. משנישאת:

והנושא את חלוצתו. דקיימא עליה בלאו דלא יבנה, כיון שלא בנה שוב לא יבנה:

והנושא קרובת חלוצתו. דקסבר ר״ע דחלוצתו כאשתו, שהכתוב קראה ביתו, דכתיב (שם) בית חלוץ הנעל. וקסבר נמי ר״ע יש ממזר מחייבי לאוין. ואינה הלכה:

קרובת גרושתו. דגרושתו כאשתו. ואמה ואחותה חייבי כריתות נינהו:

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