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Today's Mishnah Yomi

Yevamos 5:2 - 5:3

The Mishnah Yomi for Sunday, November 12, 2023 is Yevamos 5:2 - 5:3

Mishnah 1

Mishnayos Yevamos Perek 5 Mishnah 2

יבמות פרק ה׳ משנה ב׳

2
The mishna elaborates: How do these laws work in practice? If a yavam performed levirate betrothal with his yevama, and he later gave her a bill of divorce, she nevertheless requires ḥalitza from him. The bill of divorce does not fully exempt her from levirate marriage, as the levirate bond remains intact. If he performed levirate betrothal and then ḥalitza, she requires a bill of divorce from him in order to cancel the levirate betrothal. If the yavam performed levirate betrothal and then engaged in intercourse with the yevama, this is the way to perform levirate marriage in accordance with its mitzva, as the Sages instituted this as the proper procedure for a yavam to perform levirate marriage.
כֵּיצַד. עָשָׂה מַאֲמָר בִּיבִמְתּוֹ, וְנָתַן לָהּ גֵּט, צְרִיכָה הֵימֶנּוּ חֲלִיצָה. עָשָׂה מַאֲמָר וַחֲלִיצָה, צְרִיכָה הֵימֶנּוּ גֵט. עָשָׂה מַאֲמָר וּבָעַל, הֲרֵי זוֹ כְמִצְוָתָהּ:
ב׳

כיצד – this does not refer to the dispute, but rather, it is a matter of its own, referring to one levir and one widow whose husband died without children, and this is what he said: In what case is the law of one levir and one Yevamah/widow whose husband died without children?

צריכה הימנו חליצה – if he wanted to consummate a marriage by conducting a woman to his house/to wed, he should not do so for since he had begun the Jewish divorce, it is fulfilled for him through [the Biblical verse] (Deuteronomy 25:9) “who will not build up [his brother’s house].”

צריכה ממנו גט – for Halitzah causes a release from her levirate relationship and the Jewish bill of divorce need to cancel his Kiddushin/betrothal for Halitzah has no legal effect on Kiddushin/betrothal.

כיצד. לאו אפלוגתא קאי אלא מילתא באנפי נפשה, ואיבם אחד ויבמה אחת קאי. והכי קאמר, כיצד דין יבם אחד ויבמה אחת:

צריכה הימנו חליצה. ואם רצה לכנוס לא יכנוס, דכיון דהתחיל בגרושין קיימא עליה בלא יבנה:

צריכה ממנו גט. דחליצה אפקעתא לזיקה, וגט בעי לאפקועי קדושין דיליה, דחליצה לא מפקעא קדושין:

Mishnah 2

Mishnayos Yevamos Perek 5 Mishnah 3

יבמות פרק ה׳ משנה ג׳

3
If the yavam gave the yevama a bill of divorce and afterward performed levirate betrothal with her, she requires another bill of divorce to cancel the levirate betrothal, as well as ḥalitza to nullify the levirate bond. If he gave her a bill of divorce and then engaged in intercourse with her, she requires a bill of divorce to cancel the betrothal that took place via intercourse, and ḥalitza to nullify the levirate bond; the intercourse did not affect the levirate bond because once he gave her a bill of divorce she was forbidden to him. If he gave her a bill of divorce and performed ḥalitza, nothing is effective after ḥalitza, as the levirate bond was completely nullified. Similarly, if he performed ḥalitza with her and then either performed levirate betrothal, or gave a bill of divorce, or engaged in intercourse with her; alternatively, if he engaged in intercourse with her and then either performed levirate betrothal, or gave a bill of divorce, or performed ḥalitza after they engaged in relations, nothing is effective after ḥalitza or intercourse. Any action performed afterward is unrelated to the levirate bond. The above principles apply both in cases of one yevama to one yavam, as well as in cases of two yevamot to one yavam.
נָתַן גֵּט וְעָשָׂה מַאֲמָר, צְרִיכָה גֵט וַחֲלִיצָה. נָתַן גֵּט וּבָעַל, צְרִיכָה גֵט וַחֲלִיצָה. נָתַן גֵּט וְחָלַץ, אֵין אַחַר חֲלִיצָה כְלוּם. חָלַץ וְעָשָׂה מַאֲמָר, נָתַן גֵּט, וּבָעַל, אוֹ בָעַל וְעָשָׂה מַאֲמָר, נָתַן גֵּט וְחָלַץ, אֵין אַחַר חֲלִיצָה כְלוּם. אַחַת יְבָמָה אַחַת לְיָבָם אֶחָד, וְאַחַת שְׁתֵּי יְבָמוֹת לְיָבָם אֶחָד:
ג׳

נתן גט ועשה בה מאמר צריכה גט וחליצה – that the Jewish bill of divorce supersedes part [of the marriage] and retains part, and the statement [of intention of marriage by a levir] acquires the remnant of the Jewish bill of divorce, therefore, she requires a Jewish bill of divorce for his (i.e., the levir’s) statement [of intention] and Halitzah for the levirate connection.

נתן גט ובעל – it is prohibited to sustain her [in marriage] since from the time that he gave a Jewish bill of divorce , he fulfills, regarding her (Deuteronomy 25:9): “who will not build up [his brother’s house],” and she requires a Jeiwsh bill of divorce for his coition and Halitzah for the levirate connection.

אין לאחר חליצה כלום – This Mishnah is according to Rabbi Akiva, who stated, that Kiddushin/betrothal does not take effect with those who a liable for negative commandments, but it is not the Halakha. Rather, the Halakha is according to the Sages who state that there is nothing after Halitzah, and if he betrothed her after Halitzah, she requires from him a Jewish bill of divorce.

אחד יבמה אחת ליבם אחד ואחד שתי יבמות ליבם אחד – they are both equivalent for there is after the first Jewish bill of divorce or after the first statement [of intention of the Levir] nothing, but after the coition at the beginning, there is nothing, and there is nothing after Halitzah.

נתן גט ועשה בה מאמר צריכה גט וחליצה. דגט דחי קצת ושייר קצת ומאמר קני שיורא דגט, הלכך צריכה גט למאמרו וחליצה לזיקתו:

נתן גט ובעל. אסור לקיימה, שמשעה שנתן גט קיימא עליה בלא יבנה, וצריכה גט לביאתו וחליצה לזיקתו:

אין אחר חליצה כלום. הא מתניתין ר׳ עקיבא היא דאמר אין קדושין תופסין בחייבי לאוין. ואינה הלכה, אלא הלכה כחכמים שאומרים יש אחר חליצה כלום, ואם קידשה אחר חליצה צריכה הימנו גט:

אחד יבמה אחת ליבם אחד ואחד שתי יבמות ליבם אחד. שוין הן שיש אחר גט ראשון או אחר מאמר ראשון כלום ואין אחר ביאה שבתחלה כלום ואין אחר חליצה כלום:

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