Mishnayos Zevachim Perek 4 Mishnah 4
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זבחים פרק ד׳ משנה ד׳
The mishna elaborates: The burnt offering, its blood permits its flesh to be burned on the altar and its hide to be used by the priests. The bird burnt offering, its blood permits its flesh and its skin to be burned on the altar. The bird sin offering, its blood permits its meat for consumption by the priests. Bulls that are burned, e.g., the bull for an unwitting communal sin, and goats that are burned, e.g., the goats sacrificed for an unwitting communal sin of idol worship, their blood permits their sacrificial portions to be sacrificed on the altar. Rabbi Shimon says: Those bulls and goats are not subject to piggul because their blood is presented in the Sanctuary, and in the case of any offering whose blood is not presented on the external altar like that of a peace offering, with regard to which the halakha of piggul was stated in the Torah, one is not liable for eating it due to violation of the prohibition of piggul.
הָעוֹלָה, דָּמָהּ מַתִּיר אֶת בְּשָׂרָהּ לַמִּזְבֵּחַ וְעוֹרָהּ לַכֹּהֲנִים. עוֹלַת הָעוֹף, דָּמָהּ מַתִּיר אֶת בְּשָׂרָהּ לַמִּזְבֵּחַ. חַטַּאת הָעוֹף, דָּמָהּ מַתִּיר אֶת בְּשָׂרָהּ לַכֹּהֲנִים. פָּרִים הַנִּשְׂרָפִים וּשְׂעִירִים הַנִּשְׂרָפִים, דָּמָן מַתִּיר אֶת אֵמוּרֵיהֶן לִקָּרֵב. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר, כֹּל שֶׁאֵינוֹ עַל מִזְבֵּחַ הַחִיצוֹן כִּשְׁלָמִים, אֵין חַיָּבִין עָלָיו מִשּׁוּם פִּגּוּל:
Bartenura
העולה דמה מתיר את בשרה למזבח. דכתיב (שם א) וזרקו את הדם, והדר וערכו:
ואת עורה לכהנים. דכתיב (שם ז) עור העולה אשר הקריב, אין לו אלא לאחר זריקה:
חטאת העוף. שהיא נאכלת לכהנים. נפקא לן מדכתיב לכל חטאתם, לרבות חטאת העוף דלא תימא נבילה היא:
פרים הנששרפים. פר כהן משיח ופר העלם דבר של צבור ופר יום הכיפורים:
ושעירים הנשרפים. שעיר של יום הכיפורים, ושעירי עבודה זרה. שכל אלו דמן טעון הזיה לפנים, ואימוריהן קרבין על מזבח העולה ושאר הבשר נשרף בבית הדשן. והואיל ודמן מתיר את אימוריהן ליקרב, אם פגל בהן ואכל את אימוריהן חייב עליהן משום פגול:
כל שאינו על מזבח החיצון כשלמים. דפגול, בשלמים הוא דכתיב, מה שלמים מיוחדים שמתן דמן על מזבח החיצון, אף כל שדמן נתון על מזבח החיצון. לאפוקי פרים הנשרפים ושעירים הנשרפים שדמן טעון הזיה ומתן דמים בפנים. ואין הלכה כר״ש:
העולה דמה מתיר את בשרה למזבח – as it is written (Leviticus 1:6): “dashing the blood [against all sides of the altar which is at the entrance of the Tent of Meeting],” and afterwards (Leviticus 1:8): “[And Aaron’s sons, the priests] shall lay out the sections.”
ואת עורה לכהנים – as it is written (Leviticus 7:8): “[So, too, the priest who offers a man’s burnt offering shall keep] the skin of the burnt offering that he offered,” it is not other than after the tossing/sprinkling [of the blood].
חטאת העוף – which is eaten by the Kohanim. We derive it from what is written (Leviticus 16:16): “whatever their sins,” to conclude the sin-offering of fowl so that you would not say that it died on its own.
פרים הנשרפים – the bull of the anointed priest and the bull for an unwitting communal sin [as a result of an errant Halakhic decision handed down by the Great Sanhedrin] (Talmud Tractate Horayot 2a and Chapter 1, Mishnah 5) and the bull of Yom Kippur.
ושעירים הנשרפים – the goat of Yom Kippur and the goats of the idolaters. All of these require the blood being sprinkled inside, and their portions of the offerings consumed upon the altar offered on the altar of the burnt-offering and the rest of the meat is burned in the place of the ashes [outside of Jerusalem where the ashes from the altar were deposited; the Yom Kippur goat and other public sin-offerings that were not eaten were burned there], But since their blood permits their portions of the offerings consumed upon the altar to be offered up, if he had an inappropriate intention with them, and ate the portions of the offerings that were to be consumed upon the altar, he is liable for them because it was an offering disqualified by improper intention.
כל שאינו על מזבח החיצון כשלמים – an offering disqualified by improper intention, with regard to peace-offerings it is written. Just as peace-offerings are unique in that the blood is given on the outer altar, so also anything where their blood is given on the outer altar, to exclude the bulls that are burned and the goats that are burned where their blood requires sprinkling/tossing and the giving of their blood inside. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Shimon.