Mishnayos Taanis Perek 2 Mishnah 8
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תענית פרק ב׳ משנה ח׳
The mishna returns to the issue of fasting: Any day concerning which it is written in Megillat Ta’anit not to eulogize on that day, it is also prohibited to eulogize on the day before, but it is permitted to do so on the following day. Rabbi Yosei says: It is prohibited to eulogize both on the day before and on the following day. The mishna continues: With regard to those days concerning which it is written only not to fast, it is permitted to fast on the day before and on the following day. Rabbi Yosei says: Fasting the day before is prohibited, but on the following day it is permitted to fast.
כֹּל הַכָּתוּב בִּמְגִלַּת תַּעֲנִית דְּלֹא לְמִסְפַּד, לְפָנָיו אָסוּר, לְאַחֲרָיו מֻתָּר. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, לְפָנָיו וּלְאַחֲרָיו אָסוּר. דְּלֹא לְהִתְעַנָּאָה בְהוֹן, לְפָנָיו וּלְאַחֲרָיו מֻתָּר. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, לְפָנָיו אָסוּר, לְאַחֲרָיו מֻתָּר:
Bartenura
כל הכתוב במגילת תענית. ימים שנעשו בהם ניסים לישראל בבית שני וקבעו ימים טובים. אית יומא דלא להתענאה בהון בלבד ואית יומי דחמירי טפי דלא למספד בהון. ואותן שהן חמורים ואסורים בהספד.
לפניו אסור בהספד, דלמא אתי למעבד הכי ביו״ט גופיה.
לאחריו מותר דכיון דעבר יום טוב לא חיישינן. ואנן קיי״ל דבטלה מגילת תענית, וכל אותן הימים הכתובים שם דלא להתענאה ודלא למספד, כולן מותרין בהספד ותענית, חוץ מחנוכה ופורים שאסורין בהספד ותענית. וימים שלפניהם ואחריהם מותר:
כל הכתוב במגילת תענית – days in which miracles were performed for Israel during the Second Temple period and they established holidays. There is a day where one only does not fast on them and there are days in which they were more stringent by not giving eulogies on them, and those in which they were more stringent, it was forbidden to give eulogies.
לפניו אסור – to give eulogies [on the day before], lest they come to do this on the holy day itself [where it was absolutely forbidden].
לאחריו מותר – since the holiday passed, we are not concerned. And we establish for ourselves [today] since the Scroll of Fasts has been voided, that all of the days that were written there to not fast or to give eulogies on them – all of them are permissible [now] to fast and give eulogies [on them], except for Hanukkah [25 Kislev to 2/3 Tevet] and Purim [i.e. 14 Adar or 15 Adar in a walled city from the time of Joshua] , which in which giving eulogies and fasting are prohibited, but on the days before them and after them, it is permissible.