Mishnayos Shabbos Perek 8 Mishnah 1
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שבת פרק ח׳ משנה א׳
One who carries out undiluted wine from a private domain to a public domain or vice versa is liable only for a measure equivalent to the wine typically diluted in a cup. Pure wine was diluted with water. The measure that determines liability for carrying out wine is a measure suitable to be diluted for a significant cup of wine. The measure that determines liability for carrying out milk is equivalent to that which is swallowed in one gulp. The measure that determines liability for carrying out honey is equivalent to that which is used to place on a sore caused by chafing. The measure that determines liability for carrying out oil is equivalent to that which is used to spread on a small limb. The measure that determines liability for carrying out water is equivalent to that which is used to rub and spread on an eye bandage. And the measure that determines liability for carrying out all other liquids is a quarter of a log. And the measure that determines liability for carrying out all waste water is a quarter of a log. Rabbi Shimon says: The measure that determines liability for all liquids is a quarter of a log. He further stated: And all these measures were only stated with regard to those who store them. One indicates that he considers these liquids significant by storing them. One is only liable for carrying out an object that is significant to him. Others, for whom these measures are insignificant, are not liable for carrying them out.
הַמּוֹצִיא יַיִן, כְּדֵי מְזִיגַת הַכּוֹס. חָלָב, כְּדֵי גְמִיעָה. דְּבַשׁ, כְּדֵי לִתֵּן עַל הַכָּתִית. שֶׁמֶן, כְּדֵי לָסוּךְ אֵבֶר קָטָן. מַיִם, כְּדֵי לָשׁוּף בָּהֶם אֶת הַקִּילוֹר. וּשְׁאָר כָּל הַמַּשְׁקִין, בִּרְבִיעִית. וְכָל הַשּׁוֹפָכִין, בִּרְבִיעִית. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר, כֻּלָּן בִּרְבִיעִית, וְלֹא אָמְרוּ כָל הַשִּׁעוּרִין הַלָּלוּ אֶלָּא לְמַצְנִיעֵיהֶן:
Bartenura
המוציא [יין] כדי מזיגת הכוס. של ברכת המזון, שהוא רובע רביעית יין חי, כדי שימזגנו לחשבון על חד של יין תלתא ממים ויעמוד על רביעית הלוג שהוא שיעור כוס של ברכה:
כדי גמיעה. מה שאדם בולע בבת אחת, וחלב בהמה טמאה דלא חזי לשתיה שיעורו כדי לכחול עין אחת:
על הכתית. מכה שעל גבי הסוסים והחמורים מחמת המשאוי. ומצאתי כתוב ששחין היוצא בעור הבשר, כשמגיע להתבשל הוא עושה ראש למעלה וקרוי פי כתית. ואע״פ שהדבש עיקרו לאכילה, כיון שרפואתו מצויה, והוא משהו, אזלינן בתר שיעורא זוטרא לחומרא:
אבר קטן. של תינוק בן יומו והוא אצבע קטנה שברגל:
לשוף. לשפשף ולמחות בהן:
קילור. שנותנין על העין:
ושאר כל המשקין. שאין עושין מהם רפואה:
שופכין. מים סרוחין, וחזו לגבל בהן את הטיט:
כולן ברביעית. אף היין והחלב והדבש, דלא נאמרו שעורין במשנה אלא למצניעיהן, אבל שאר כל אדם אין חייבין אלא ברביעית. וסבירא ליה לר׳ שמעון דמצניע עצמו בעי שיעורא זוטא, ובבציר מהאי שיעורא לא מחייב דלית ליה לר׳ שמעון כל שאין כשר להצניע ואין מצניעין כמוהו שיתחייב עליו מצניעו בכל שהוא, ואין הלכה כר״ש:
המוציא [יין] כדי מזיגת כוס – [of wine] for the Blessing after the Meal which is one-fourth part of a רביעית of pure wine in order that he would mix it to a percentage of one [part] of wine and three [parts] of water and he will become consistent with a quarter of a “log” (which equals the volume of six eggs) which is the measurement for a cup [of wine] for a blessing.
כדי גמיעה – what a person absorbs at one time but the milk of a ritually impure animal that is not proper for drinking, its measure is to paint the eyelids [for medical or for cosmetic purposes] of one eye (see Talmud Shabbat 78b and the end of Mishnah 3 of our chapter).
על הכתית – a wound on the back of horses and donkeys on account of the burden; and I found it written that the inflammation that comes out of the hide of the flesh that when it reaches a boiling point it makes a head about and it is called the “mouth” of a scab, and even though the honey is principally for eating, because its healing [capacity] is found, and it is “something,” we go according to the smallest measure possible for a strict [ruling].
אבר קטן – [smallest limb] of a one-day old baby which is the little toe of the foot.
לשוף – to rub and dissolve them.
קילור – that we put on the eye.
ושאר כל המשקין – that we don’t use for medicinal purposes.
שופכין – decaying waters and they are fit to stamp the clay.
ברביעית – even wine, milk and honey, whose measurements are not mentioned in the Mishnah other than those who set them aside (see Mishnah Shabbat, Chapter 10, Mishnah 1), but the rest of all people, they are not liable other than for a quarter of a “log”(i.e., the volume of six eggs), and Rabbi Shimon holds that when he himself sets something aside/stores away, he requires a small measurement and less than that amount he is not liable for it, for Rabbi Shimon does not hold that all that is not fit to set aside, we do not set aside/store it like him for he will become liable for it, but sets aside/store away a little bit, but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Shimon.