Mishnayos Shabbos Perek 10 Mishnah 6
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שבת פרק י׳ משנה ו׳
With regard to one who removes his fingernails with one another on Shabbat without scissors, or with his teeth, and the same is true with regard to one who removes his hair with his hands, and the same is true with regard to his mustache, and the same is true with regard to his beard, and the same is true with regard to a woman who braids her hair, and the same is true with regard to one who applies blue eye shadow, and the same is true with regard to one who applies blush, Rabbi Eliezer deems them all liable, as they each performed a labor prohibited by Torah law. And the Rabbis prohibited performing all of these actions due to rabbinic decree. None of the actions constitute prohibited labors. One who severs a leaf or a fruit from a plant growing in a perforated flowerpot on Shabbat is liable, as a plant in a flowerpot with holes in it has the legal status of a plant connected to the ground. Picking from it is prohibited due to reaping. And one who picks from an imperforated pot is exempt, but it is prohibited to do so ab initio. And Rabbi Shimon deems one who does so exempt in both this, the case of the perforated flowerpot, and that, the case of the imperforated flowerpot.
הַנּוֹטֵל צִפָּרְנָיו זוֹ בָזוֹ, אוֹ בְשִׁנָּיו, וְכֵן שְׂעָרוֹ, וְכֵן שְׂפָמוֹ, וְכֵן זְקָנוֹ, וְכֵן הַגּוֹדֶלֶת, וְכֵן הַכּוֹחֶלֶת, וְכֵן הַפּוֹקֶסֶת, רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר מְחַיֵּב, וַחֲכָמִים אוֹסְרִין מִשּׁוּם שְׁבוּת. הַתּוֹלֵשׁ מֵעָצִיץ נָקוּב, חַיָּב, וְשֶׁאֵינוֹ נָקוּב, פָּטוּר. וְרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן פּוֹטֵר בָּזֶה וּבָזֶה:
Bartenura
וכן שערו. התולש שער ראשו בידו:
וכן הגודלת. שער ראשה וקולעת אותו, תרגום עבות (שמות כ״ח) גדילו:
הכוחלת. נותנת כחול בעיניה:
הפוקסת. מחלקת שער שבאמצע הראש מכאן ומכאן אצל הצדעים:
רבי אליעזר מחייב חטאת. כוחלת משום כותבת, גודלת ופוקסת משום בונה:
וחכמים אוסרים משום שבות. דסברי אין דרך כתיבה בכך ואין דרך בנין בכך, והלכה כחכמים. ודוקא הנוטל צפרניו ושערו בידיו, הוא דפטרי רבנן מחטאת ומסקילה, אבל הנוטל שערו או צפרניו בכלי מודים חכמים דחייב חטאת. ומכי נטל שתי שערות חייב, והנוטל שער ראש חברו אפילו ביד חייב. וצפורן שפרשה רובה או שער שנתלש רובו ומצער אותו, מותר ליטלו ביד לכתחלה:
התולש מעציץ נקוב חייב. דהוי כמחובר, דיונק מן הקרקע ע״י הנקב שמריח לחלוחית הקרקע, ואפילו הנקב בצדו. ושיעור הנקב כדי שרש קטן:
ורבי שמעון פוטר בזה ובזה. דלא חשיב ליה כמחובר לחייבו סקילה. ואין הלכה כרבי שמעון:
וכן שערו – he tears the hair of his head by hand.
וכן הגודלת – the hair of her head and plaits/twists it. It is the Aramaic translation )Exodus 28:14,22): “[and two chains of pure gold] braid [these like corded work, and fasten the corded chains to the frames]” (or “on the breastpiece make] braided [chains of corded work in pure gold]”) “plaiting, wreathing”.
הכוחלת – placing powder used for painting the eye-lids/stibium.
פוסקת – separating the hair that is in the middle of the head to here and there near the temples.
רבי אליעזר מחייב חטאת – painting the eyelids because of writing dressing her hair and painting the face with rouge because of [the prohibition against] building.
וחכמים אוסרים משום שבות – for they hold that there is no manner of writing in this, and there is no manner of building in this, and the Halakha is according to the Sages. And specifically, removing one’s fingernails or hair with one’s hands is what the Rabbis exempt from a sin-offering and stoning, but removing one’s hair or fingernails with a utensil, the Sages agree that one is liable for a sin-offering, and because he removed two hairs, he liable. But a person who removes the hair of the head of his fellow, even with his hand is liable. But a nail, most of which is separated or hair, most of which is detached and causes him pain, it is permitted to remove it by hand ab initio.
התולש מעציץ נקוב חייב – this is something attached like something fed from the ground through the hole that smells the moistness of the ground and even a hole at its side, and the measure of the hole in order that its root is small.
ורבי שמעון פוטר בזה ובזה – for he does not consider it as attached to make him liable for stoning, and the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Shimon