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Mishnayos Menachos Perek 9 Mishnah 8

מנחות פרק ט׳ משנה ח׳

8

Everyone who brings an animal offering places hands upon its head, except for a deaf-mute, an imbecile, a minor, a blind person, a gentile, a Canaanite slave, the agent of the owner of the offering who brings the offering on the owner’s behalf, and a woman. And the requirement of placing hands is a non-essential mitzva; therefore, failure to place hands does not prevent the owner from achieving atonement. The rite of placing hands is performed by leaning on the head of the offering with two hands. And in the same location in the Temple that one places hands, one slaughters the animal. And immediately following the rite of placing hands, the slaughter is performed.

הַכֹּל סוֹמְכִין, חוּץ מֵחֵרֵשׁ, שׁוֹטֶה, וְקָטָן, סוּמָא, וְנָכְרִי, וְהָעֶבֶד, וְהַשָּׁלִיחַ, וְהָאִשָּׁה. וּסְמִיכָה, שְׁיָרֵי מִצְוָה, עַל הָרֹאשׁ, בִּשְׁתֵּי יָדָיִם. וּבִמְקוֹם שֶׁסּוֹמְכִין שׁוֹחֲטִין, וְתֵכֶף לַסְּמִיכָה שְׁחִיטָה:

ח׳
Bartenura

חוץ מחרש שוטה וקטן – because they lack knowledge.

סומא – as it is written regarding the bull for an unwitting communal sin (Leviticus 4:15): “The elders of the community shall lay their hands [upon the head of the bull],” and they are the Great Sanhedrin, but in the Sanhedrin there was not among them anyone who was blind, as it is proved in Tractate Sanhedrin [36b], and the same law applies for the rest of the laying of the hands that a blind person is not able is not able to lay his hands [upon the head of the bull].

ונכרי – as it is written (Leviticus 1:2): “Speak to the Israelite people,” the Israelite people lay their hands, but the heathens do not lay their hands [upon the head of a sacrifice].

והעבד והשליח – as it is written (Leviticus 1:4): “He shall lay his hand [upon the head of the burnt offering, that it may be acceptable in his behalf], but not the hand of his servant and not the hand of his agent.

והאשה – the children (i.e., male) of Israel lay their hands [upon the head of the sacrifice], but the daughters of Israel do not lay their hands [upon the head of the sacrifice].

וסמיכה שיירי מצוה – that it is not indispensable for atonement, but however, Scripture considers it for him as if he did not attain expiation.

בשתי ידים – as it is written concerning the scapegoat (Leviticus 16:21): “Aaron shall lay both his hands [upon the head of the live goat],” and this is an analogy for all the laying of the hands that it shall be with both (i.e., the two) hands.

ובמקום שסומכים שוחטים – that if he lay his hands [upon the head of the sacrifice] outside of the Temple courtyard and he returns and lays his hands in the Temple courtyard in the place of the ritual slaughter.

ותיכף לסמיכה שחיטה – as it is written (Leviticus 1:4-5): “He shall lay his hand upon the head of the burnt offering….the bull shall be slaughtered before the LORD.”

חוץ מחרש שוטה וקטן. לפי שאין להם דעת:

סומא. דכתיב בפר העלם דבר של צבור וסמכו זקני העדה, והם סנהדרי גדולה, ובסנהדרין לא היה בהן סומא, כדמוכח במסכת סנהדרין, והוא הדין לכל שאר סמיכות שאין סומא יכול לסמוך:

ונכרי. דכתיב דבר אל בני ישראל וגו׳, בני ישראל סומכין ואין הנכרים סומכין:

והעבד והשליח. דכתיב (ויקרא א׳:ד׳) וסמך ידו, ולא יד עבדו ולא יד שלוחו:

והאשה. בני ישראל סומכין ; ולא בנות ישראל סומכות:

וסמיכה שיירי מצוה. דאינה מעכבת כפרה. ומיהו מעלה עליו הכתוב כאילו לא כיפר:

בשתי ידים. דכתיב בשעיר המשתלח (שם ט״ז) וסמך אהרן את שתי ידיו, זה בנה אב לכל הסמיכות שיהיו בשתי ידים:

ובמקום שסומכים שוחטים. שאם סמך חוץ לעזרה חוזר וסומך בעזרה במקום שחיטה:

ותיכף לסמיכה שחיטה. דכתיב וסמך ושחט: