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Mishnayos Menachos Perek 8 Mishnah 3

מנחות פרק ח׳ משנה ג׳

3

Olive trees in Tekoa are the primary source of oil to be used in meal offerings. Abba Shaul says: Secondary to Tekoa is Regev on the east bank of the Jordan River. All the regions were valid for oil to be brought from them, but it was from here that they would bring it. One may not bring a meal offering containing oil from olives taken from a fertilized olive grove, nor from olives taken from an irrigated olive grove, nor from olives taken from an olive grove where grain was sown between the trees. But if one did bring a meal offering containing oil from such groves, it is valid. One may not bring a meal offering containing oil from unripe olives [anpiktan], but if one did bring it, it is not valid. One may not bring a meal offering containing oil from olives that were soaked in water, nor from pickled olives, nor from boiled olives, and even if one did bring it, it is not valid.

תְּקוֹעָה, אַלְפָא לַשָּׁמֶן. אַבָּא שָׁאוּל אוֹמֵר, שְׁנִיָּה לָהּ רֶגֶב בְּעֵבֶר הַיַּרְדֵּן. כָּל הָאֲרָצוֹת הָיוּ כְשֵׁרוֹת, אֶלָּא מִכָּאן הָיוּ מְבִיאִין. אֵין מְבִיאִין לֹא מִבֵּית הַזְּבָלִים, וְלֹא מִבֵּית הַשְּׁלָחִים, וְלֹא מִמַּה שֶּׁנִּזְרַע בֵּינֵיהֶם. וְאִם הֵבִיא, כָּשֵׁר. אֵין מְבִיאִין אַנְפִּיקְנוֹן. וְאִם הֵבִיא, פָּסוּל. אֵין מְבִיאִין מִן הַגַּרְגְּרִים שֶׁנִּשְׁרוּ בַמַּיִם, וְלֹא מִן הַכְּבוּשִׁים, וְלֹא מִן הַשְּׁלוּקִין. וְאִם הֵבִיא, פָּסוּל:

ג׳
Bartenura

תקועה – a city whose name is Tekoa, as it is written (II Samuel 14:2): “So Joab sent to Tekoa [and bought a clever woman from there].”

אלפא לשמן – its oil is first-rate and choice of the oils. As this Aleph is the first of the letters.

אנפיקנון – oil that is made from olives that did not bring one-third of their ripening and it is very bitter.

שנשרו במים – that the water ruins the oil.

תקועה. עיר ששמה תקועה כדכתיב (שמואל ב י״ד:ב׳) וישלח יואב תקועה:

אלפא לשמן. השמן שלה ראשון ומובחר לשמנים. כאל״ף זו שהיא ראשונה לאותיות:

אנפיקנון. שמן העשוי מזיתים שלא הביאו שליש בשולן, והוא מר מאד:

שנשרו במים. שהמים מקלקלים את השמן: