Mishnayos Menachos Perek 12 Mishnah 3
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מנחות פרק י"ב משנה ג׳
One who says: It is incumbent upon me to bring a meal offering from barley, should bring the meal offering from wheat, as voluntary meal offerings are brought exclusively from wheat. One who says: It is incumbent upon me to bring a meal offering from flour, should bring the meal offering from fine flour, as it is written: “His offering shall be of fine flour” (Leviticus 2:1). If one vows to bring a meal offering without oil and without frankincense, he should bring it with oil and frankincense, as voluntary meal offerings require oil and frankincense. If one vows to bring as a meal offering half a tenth of an ephah, he should bring a complete tenth of an ephah, the minimum measure of a voluntary meal offering. If one vows to bring a meal offering of a tenth and a half an ephah, he should bring two tenths, as there are no partial tenths of an ephah brought in meal offerings. Rabbi Shimon deems one exempt from bringing a meal offering in all these cases. This is because the vow does not take effect, as he did not pledge in the manner of those who pledge.
הֲרֵי עָלַי מִנְחָה מִן הַשְּׂעֹרִין, יָבִיא מִן הַחִטִּים. קֶמַח, יָבִיא סֹלֶת. בְּלֹא שֶׁמֶן וּלְבוֹנָה, יָבִיא עִמָּהּ שֶׁמֶן וּלְבוֹנָה. חֲצִי עִשָּׂרוֹן, יָבִיא עִשָּׂרוֹן שָׁלֵם. עִשָּׂרוֹן וּמֶחֱצָה, יָבִיא שְׁנָיִם. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן פּוֹטֵר, שֶׁלֹּא הִתְנַדֵּב כְּדֶרֶךְ הַמִּתְנַדְּבִים:
Bartenura
הרי עלי מנחה מן השעורים יביא מן החטים. שאין מנחת נדבה באה אלא מן החטים. וכגון שאמר אילו הייתי יודע שאין מביאים מנחה מן השעורים לא הייתי נודר אלא מן החטים. אבל אם אמר לא הייתי נודר כלום, אינו חייב כלום:
יביא סלת. דכתיב (ויקרא ב׳:א׳) סולת יהיה קרבנו:
ר׳ שמעון פוטר. ר׳ שמעון סבר בגמר דבריו אדם נתפס, והואיל וגמר דבריו שלא כדין המנחה, אינו חייב כלום. ואין הלכה כר׳ שמעון:
הרי עלי מנחה מן השעורים יביא מן החטים – for the free-will offerings of meal offerings do not come other than from wheat, and as for example that he said, “Had I known that we don’t bring a meal-offering from barley, I would not have made a votive offering other than from wheat.” But if he said, “I would not vow anything,” he is not liable for anything.
יביא סלת – as it is written (Leviticus 2:1): “[When a person presents an offering of grain to the LORD,] his offering shall be of choice flour.”
ר' שמעון פוטר – Rabbi Shimon holds that a person is made responsible for the his concluding words, for since he concluded his words not in accordance with the law of the meal-offering, he is not liable for anything. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Shimon (see Talmud Menahot 103b).