Mishnayos Kinnim Perek 1 Mishnah 3
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קינים פרק א׳ משנה ג׳
When is this so? When obligatory offerings [get mixed up] with voluntary offerings. When, however, obligatory offerings get mixed up one with another, with one [pair] belonging to one [woman] and the other pair to another [woman], or two [pairs] belonging to one and two [pairs] to another, or three [pairs] to one and three [pairs] to another, then half of these are valid and the other half disqualified. If one [pair] belongs to one [woman] and two pairs to another, or three pairs to another, or ten pairs to another or one hundred to another, only the lesser number remains valid. Whether they are of the same denomination or of two denominations, or whether they belong to one woman or to two.
בַּמֶּה דְבָרִים אֲמוּרִים, בְּחוֹבָה וּבִנְדָבָה. אֲבָל בְּחוֹבָה שֶׁנִּתְעָרְבָה זוֹ בָזוֹ, אַחַת לָזוֹ וְאַחַת לָזוֹ, שְׁתַּיִם לָזוֹ וּשְׁתַּיִם לָזוֹ, שָׁלשׁ לָזוֹ וְשָׁלשׁ לָזוֹ, מֶחֱצָה כָּשֵׁר וּמֶחֱצָה פָּסוּל. אַחַת לָזוֹ וּשְׁתַּיִם לָזוֹ, וְשָׁלשׁ לָזוֹ, וְעֶשֶׂר לָזוֹ, וּמֵאָה לָזוֹ, הַמֻּעָט כָּשֵׁר, בֵּין מִשֵּׁם אֶחָד, בֵּין מִשְּׁנֵי שֵׁמוֹת, בֵּין מֵאִשָּׁה אַחַת, בֵּין מִשְּׁתֵּי נָשִׁים:
Bartenura
בחובה ובנדבה. שנתערבו קיני חובה שמקצתן חטאות ומקצתן עולות עם קיני נדבה שכולן עולות:
אבל בחובה שנתערבה זו בזו. קן סתומה של יולדת או של זבה שנתערבה בקן של יולדת או של זבה אחרת:
מחצה כשר ומחצה פסול. ומקריב מהארבעה המעורבים שנים בלבד, אחד לעולה ואחד לחטאת ולא יותר, דאי עביד שתי עולות שמא יעשה אותן מקן אחד, וכל קן סתומה הוא אחד עולה ואחד חטאת:
המועט כשר. אם נתערב קן אחד סתומה בשני קינים אחרים או בשלש, אינו יכול להקריב אלא קן אחד, פרידה אחת לחטאת ופרידה אחת לעולה. אבל שתי עולות לא מצי עביד, שמא יקח הקן שהוא מבורר תחלה ליולדת אחת שאינו יכול לעשות ממנו אלא אחד חטאת ואחד עולה. וכן אם נתערבו עשר קינין במאה, אינו מקריב מכולן אלא עשרה קינין, מקצתן חטאות ומקצתן עולות, והשאר פסולין, וזהו המועט כשר:
בין משם אחד. לידה ולידה, זיבה וזיבה. משתי נשים או מאשה אחת:
בין משני שמות. לידה וזיבה, בין משתי נשים בין מאשה אחת. כדמפרש ואזיל:
בחובה ובנדבה – that the couple of sacrificial birds of obligatory offering that some of them are sin-offerings and some of them were burnt-offerings were mixed up with the couple of sacrificial birds for free-will offering – all of which are burnt offerings.
אבל בחובה שנתערבה זו בזו – from the couple of birds concerning which it not been decided if it for the woman who just experienced childbirth or for a woman who experiences a flow of menstrual-type on three consecutive days during a time of the month in which she is not due to experience menstrual bleeding that became mixed up with a couple of sacrificial birds of a woman who experiences childbirth or that of another woman who experiences a flow of menstrual-type on three consecutive days during a time of the month in which she is not due to experience menstrual bleeding.
מחצה כשר ומחצה פסול – and he (i.e., the priest) offers up only two from the four that are mixed up, one for a burnt offering and one for a sin-offering, and nothing additional. For if he (i.e., the priest) had made two burnt offerings, perhaps he would do them from one nest, and every couple of birds concerning which it has not yet been decided which is to be the burnt offering, and which is to be the sin-offering.
המועט כשר – if one couple of birds concerning which it has not yet been decided which is to be the burnt offering, and which is to be the sin-offering that was mixed up with two or three other couples of birds, he (i.e., the priest) is not able to offer up other than one set of birds, a single pigeon for a sin-offering and a single pigeon for a burnt-offering. But he (i.e., the priest) cannot make two burnt-offerings, lest he take the couple of birds that has been first selected for a woman who gave birth, who cannot make from it other than one for a sin-offering and one for a burnt-offering. And similarly, if ten couples of birds were mixed with one-hundred, he (i.e., the priest) does not offer up from all of them other than ten sets of birds, some of them for sin-offerings and some of them for burnt-offerings and he rest of them are invalid, and that which is the smaller thing is kosher/fit.
בין משם אחד – one birth and another birth, a woman who experiences a flow of menstrual-type on three consecutive days during a time of the month in which she is not due to experience menstrual bleeding with another woman who experiences a flow of menstrual-type on three consecutive days during a time of the month in which she is not due to experience menstrual bleeding.
בין משני שמות – a woman who has given birth with a woman who experiences a flow of menstrual-type on three consecutive days during a time of the month in which she is not due to experience menstrual bleeding, whether from two women whether from one woman, as will be explained further on.