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Perek 7

Mishnayos Eruvin Perek 7 Mishnah 2

עירובין פרק ז׳ משנה ב׳

2
If a wall between two courtyards is ten handbreadths high and four handbreadths wide, the residents of the courtyard establish two eiruvin, a separate one for each courtyard, but they may not establish one eiruv. If there was produce on top of the wall, these residents of one courtyard may ascend from this side and eat from it, and those residents of the other courtyard may ascend from that side and eat from it, provided that they do not lower the produce down from on top of the wall to one of the courtyards. If the wall was breached, the following distinction applies: If the breach was up to ten cubits wide, they establish two eiruvin, and if they desire, they may establish one eiruv, as it is similar to an entrance, like any opening less than ten cubits wide. If the breach was more than this, they establish one eiruv, and they may not establish two, as a breach of this size nullifies the partition and joins the two courtyards into a single domain.

כֹּתֶל שֶׁבֵּין שְׁתֵּי חֲצֵרוֹת גָּבוֹהַּ עֲשָׂרָה וְרָחָב אַרְבָּעָה, מְעָרְבִין שְׁנַיִם וְאֵין מְעָרְבִין אֶחָד. הָיוּ בְרֹאשׁוֹ פֵרוֹת, אֵלּוּ עוֹלִין מִכָּאן וְאוֹכְלִין, וְאֵלּוּ עוֹלִין מִכָּאן וְאוֹכְלִין, וּבִלְבַד שֶׁלֹּא יוֹרִידוּ לְמַטָּה. נִפְרְצָה הַכֹּתֶל עַד עֶשֶׂר אַמּוֹת, מְעָרְבִין שְׁנַיִם, וְאִם רָצוּ מְעָרְבִין אֶחָד, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא כְפֶתַח. יוֹתֵר מִכָּאן, מְעָרְבִין אֶחָד וְאֵין מְעָרְבִין שְׁנָיִם:

ב׳

כותל שבין שתי חצירות – this that it (i.e., the Tanna of the Mishnah) took [the words] "רחב ד'"/”that it was wide four handbreadths” – is not because it needs to be four handbreadths width to be a closing/closure, for a partition with a width of any amount is a closure/closing. But rather, because it was necessary to teach the closing [segment], “if there were [at its top] produce, these can ascend from here, and eat [them] as long as they don’t bring it down below, which is considered a domain of its own, and for this law, it was necessary that it would be wide four [handbreadths], for less than four [handbreadths] is an exempt domain (i.e., an area of less than four handbreadths by four handbreadths or a height differential of at least three handbreadths – as one may carry objects to or from this exempt domain, but one may not transfer objects through it from of those domains to another), ad both of them (the people on the two sides) can lower it downwards.

ובלבד שלא יורידו למטה – to the inhabitants in the houses, but in the courtyard, it is permitted.

יותר מכאן – this is a breach, and all of it would be like one courtyard. But if he made an Eruv each one for itself, it would be as if they divide their Eruv and prohibit those [on one side from carrying to] those [on the other side].

כותל שבין שתי חצרות. האי דנקט רחב ד׳ לאו משום דצריך רוחב ד׳ למיהוי סתימה, דמחיצה ברוחב כל דהו הויא סתימה. אלא משום דבעי למיתני סיפא היו [בראשו] פירות אלו עולין מכאן ואוכלין ובלבד שלא יורידו למטה, דחשיב רשות באנפי נפשה, ולהאי דינא צריך שיהיה רוחב ד׳, דפחות מד׳ הוי מקום פטור ומותרין אלו ואלו להוריד למטה:

ובלבד שלא יורידו למטה. לדיורין בבתים, אבל בחצר שרי:

יותר מכאן. הוי פירצה, והויא כולה כחצר אחת, ואם עירבה כל אחת לעצמה הוי כאילו חולקין את עירובן ואוסרין אלו על אלו: