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Mishnayos Bechoros Perek 4 Mishnah 10

בכורות פרק ד׳ משנה י׳

10

One who is suspect with regard to the Sabbatical Year is not suspect with regard to tithes; and likewise, one who is suspect with regard to tithes is not suspect with regard to the Sabbatical Year. One who is suspect with regard to this, the Sabbatical Year, or with regard to that, tithes, is suspect with regard to selling ritually impure foods as though they were ritually pure items. But there are those who are suspect with regard to ritually pure items who are not suspect with regard to this, the Sabbatical Year, nor with regard to that, tithes. This is the principle with regard to these matters: Anyone who is suspect with regard to a specific matter may neither adjudicate cases nor testify in cases involving that matter.

הֶחָשׁוּד עַל הַשְּׁבִיעִית, אֵינוֹ חָשׁוּד עַל הַמַּעַשְׂרוֹת. הֶחָשׁוּד עַל הַמַּעַשְׂרוֹת, אֵינוֹ חָשׁוּד עַל הַשְּׁבִיעִית. הֶחָשׁוּד עַל זֶה וְעַל זֶה, חָשׁוּד עַל הַטָּהֳרוֹת. וְיֵשׁ שֶׁהוּא חָשׁוּד עַל הַטָּהֳרוֹת, וְאֵינוֹ חָשׁוּד לֹא עַל זֶה וְלֹא עַל זֶה. זֶה הַכְּלָל, כָּל הֶחָשׁוּד עַל הַדָּבָר, לֹא דָנוֹ וְלֹא מְעִידוֹ:

י׳
Bartenura

אינו חשוד על המעשרות – and they purchase from him grain in the rest of the years of the Seven Year cycle, but they don’t tithe from them as definitively [tithed] but as a doubtfully tithed. And the reason is that he who is suspected [of violating] the Sabbatical Year is not suspected on account of tithes, and one who is suspected on account of tithes is not suspected on account of the Seventh Year [produce], because there is is in each of hen material that is not part of its partner; Seventh Year produce does not have be consumed inside the walls of Jerusalem, but Second Tithe is not consumed other than within/inside the wall [of Jerusalem]. Therefore, there is a more stringent punishment regarding [Second] Tithe than from the punishment of [not consuming] the Sabbatical Year produce. For the [Second] Tithe has redemption, but since the Seventh Year [produce] is forbidden, it does not have redemption, therefore, the Seventh Year is more stringent than from the [Second] Tithe.

החשוד על זה ועל זה – since he is suspected [of violating] a Torah prohibition all the more so, that he is suspect [of violating] on the purities, for they are from the Rabbis, that a person eats his unconsecrated produce in ritual purity.

ויש שחשוד על הטהרות – that are of the Rabbis, but is not suspected on account of Seventh Year produce and [Second] Tithe. For one that is suspected on a Rabbinic [legislation] is not suspected [of violation] of a Torah prohibition.

אינו חשוד על המעשרות. ולוקחים ממנו תבואה בשאר שני השבוע, ואין מעשרין מהן ודאי אלא דמאי. וטעמא דחשוד על השביעית אין חשוד על המעשרות וחשוד על המעשרות אין חשוד על השביעית, לפי שיש בכל אחד מהן חומר שאינו בחברו, שביעית אינה צריכה להאכל לפנים מחומת ירושלים, ומעשר שני אינו נאכל אלא לפנים מן החומה, הלכך איכא דחמיר ליה עונש מעשר מעונש שביעית. ומעשר אית ליה פדיון, ושביעית כיון שנאסרה אין לה פדיון, הלכך איכא דחמיר עליה שביעית ממעשר:

החשוד על זה ועל זה. כיון דחשוד אדאורייתא כל שכן דחשוד על הטהרות, דמדרבנן הוא שיהא אדם אוכל חולין בטהרה:

ויש שחשוד על הטהרות. דרבנן, ואינו חשוד לשביעית ומעשרות. דמאן דחשוד אדרבנן לא חשוד אדאורייתא: