Pesachim 1:5 - 1:6

שתי חלות – of leaven.

של תודה פסולות – which were invalidated for use by being kept overnight, since because there loaves of thanksgiving [offerings] on the thirteenth of Nisan, for everyone who had a thanksgiving offering to bring brought it on the thirteenth, they were invalidated for use by being kept overnight for the morning of the fourteenth. The thanksgiving loaves were forty Hallot, ten of them were leavened. And the thanksgiving offering were eaten day and night, and if they would bring them on the fourteenth, the ones of Hametz would not be eaten other than until the sixth hour, for it is forbidden to bring a sacrifice on the day when the time for their being eaten would be reduced, for one does not wittingly cause bring holy things (i.e., sacred meat) to a place where the unfit things are burnt (see Mishnah Zevahim, Chapter 8, Mishnah 3). Therefore, whomever had to bring a thanksgiving sacrifice would bring it on the thirteenth, but would not be able to bring it on the fourteenth and all the more so during Passover, for they would be invalidated for use by being kept overnight on the fourteenth day since for they would not be eaten so much, and because of this, invalidated ones were given there, for since they were not fit, no one would give them to invalidate them by their hands.

שמונחות – there until the time of getting rid of [the leavened products] they would be burned.

על גג האצטבא – that was on the Temple Mount, in order that they should see them there as a sign.

אחת מהן – at the beginning of the fifth hour, an agent of the Jewish court would come and take one and all the people would recognize that the time of the fifth hour had arrived and would hold them in suspense.

ותרומת כל חמש – for it is forbidden to lose holy meat by one’s hands all the while that one can eat them.

ושורפין בתחילת שש – for now it is certain that most people erred between the sixth and the seventh hour. But the Halakha is not according to Rabban Gamaliel.

מימיהם של כהנים לא נמנעו – because it was necessary to teach the conclusion (the next Mishnah, Mishnah 7), “from their opinions,” we learned that we burn the pure priest’s due with the impure [he used the phrase] here.

מלשרוף את הבשר שנטמא בולד הטומאה – the offspring of an offspring is stated, that is to say, the meat which is third [level of impurity] which was defiled with something of second-level impurity, which is the offspring of an offspring, they did not prevent from burning it with the meat that was defiled by something of a direct cause of Levitical uncleanness, which is first level of impurity. And when this meat that was at first third-level of impurity comes in contact with this meat that was defiled by something of a direct cause of Levitical uncleanness, it goes back to become second-degree [of impurity/uncleanness], for it came in contact with first-degree and became second [degree] and it is found that they added to it a degree of impurity upon its [initial] impurity , for that which was initially third-degree and is now second-degree. And even though they could not prevent from burning it with something that is is more severe than it, for since, even this which is the lesser for burning stands, they did not suspect if they would make it more impure than it already was. And even though that one does not consume something that defiles food from the Torah, as it states regarding the defiling of food (Deuteronomy 14:8,14): “it is impure [for you].” It is impure, but it does defile [other foods] that are like it. Nevertheless, the Rabbis decreed that it would be food that does defile other food.

השמן – of priest’s due.

שנפסל בטבול יום – which is third-level of impurity, for a person who has ritually bathed but must wait for sunset to be perfectly clean (Leviticus 22:7), defiles the priest’s due from the Torah and makes it third-level of impurity forever, and there is not difference between food or liquids.

בנר שנטמא בטמא מת – this metallic candle, and all utensils outside of an earthenware vessel which came in contact with the defilement of the dead become like it, if it is a principal level of impurity, it is a principal level of impurity, if first-level of defilement, it is a first-level of defilement, as it is written (Numbers 19:16): “[And in the open, anyone who touches a person] who was killed [or who died naturally, or human bone, or a grave, shall be impure seven days].” And they (i.e., the Rabbis) expound upon “who was killed” he is like someone who was slain, for the sword that came in contact with the dead became one of the original causes of Levitical uncleanness like the dead person himself, and when it (i.e., the sword) came In contact with the person defiled by the dead who is a principal cause of Levitical uncleanness, the sword also became a principal form of Levitical uncleanness and the same law applies to all utensils except for an earthenware vessel. It is found, therefore, that the metallic candle that came in contact with someone defiled by contact with the dead became one of the principal forms of Levitical uncleanness, and now Rabbi Akiva added to the words of Rabbi Hananiah the Assistant Priest, for Rabbi Hananiah did not permit other than to restore something that had been third-level uncleanness to something second-level uncleanness. But Rabbi Akiva permitted to restore something third-level of uncleanness to first-level, for the oil that had been defiled by contact with a person who has ritually bathed but must wait for sunset to be perfectly clean, who is third-degree level of impurity, when he kindles it (i.e., the oil) with the candle that had been defiled through contact with the dead, the candle itself becomes a primary form of Levitical uncleanness as we have stated. It is found that the third-level of Levitical impurity becomes first, and even though they did not prevent it, for since there is the title of impurity upon it, we do not suspect him and it is permissible to add with ones hands.