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Today's Mishnah Yomi

Eruvin 7:6 - 7:7

The Mishnah Yomi for Tuesday, November 21, 2028 is Eruvin 7:6 - 7:7

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Mishnah 1

Mishnayos Eruvin Perek 7 Mishnah 6

עירובין פרק ז׳ משנה ו׳

6
How does one merge the courtyards that open into the alleyway, if a person wishes to act on behalf of all the residents of the alleyway? He places a barrel filled with his own food and says: This is for all the residents of the alleyway. For this gift to be acquired by the others, someone must accept it on their behalf, and the tanna therefore teaches that he may confer possession to them even by means of his adult son or daughter, and likewise by means of his Hebrew slave or maidservant, whom he does not own, and by means of his wife. These people may acquire the eiruv on behalf of all the residents of the alleyway. However, he may not confer possession by means of his minor son or daughter, nor by means of his Canaanite slave or maidservant, because they cannot effect acquisition, as ownership of objects that come into their possession is as if those objects came into his possession. Consequently, the master or father cannot confer possession to the slave or minor respectively on behalf of others as their acquisition is ineffective and the object remains in his own possession.
כֵּיצַד מִשְׁתַּתְּפִין בַּמָּבוֹי. מֵנִיחַ אֶת הֶחָבִית וְאוֹמֵר, הֲרֵי זוֹ לְכָל בְּנֵי מָבוֹי, וּמְזַכֶּה לָהֶן עַל יְדֵי בְנוֹ וּבִתּוֹ הַגְּדוֹלִים וְעַל יְדֵי עַבְדּוֹ וְשִׁפְחָתוֹ הָעִבְרִים וְעַל יְדֵי אִשְׁתּוֹ, אֲבָל אֵינוֹ מְזַכֶּה לֹא עַל יְדֵי בְנוֹ וּבִתּוֹ הַקְּטַנִּים וְלֹא עַל יְדֵי עַבְדּוֹ וְשִׁפְחָתוֹ הַכְּנַעֲנִים, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁיָּדָן כְּיָדוֹ:
ו׳

מניח את החבית – [he sets down the jar] of his own [food, wine, etc.] if he wishes, and then needs to grant possession/entitles, for whereas it if is theirs, he doesn’t need to grant possession/entitle [to them].

ומזכה להם ע"י בנו ובתן – he says to them: “Accept this jar and take possession of it in the name of all the members of the alleyway.” And the person who takes possession lifts up the Eruv with his hand a handbreadth from the ground, for wherever that he places it in his domain, there would be no taking of possession.

שידן כידו – this is not taking of possession [since the minor child or the Canaanite slave or maidservant are considered as property of the parent/master].

מניח את החבית. משלו אם ירצה ואז צריך לזכות, דאילו משלהם אין צריך לזכות:

ומזכה להם ע״י בנו ובתו. אומר להם קבלו חבית זו וזכו בה לשם כל בני המבוי. והזוכה מגביה העירוב בידו טפח מן הקרקע, דכל היכא דמנחא ברשותיה לא הויא זכיה, ואומר זכיתי להם:

שידן כידו. ולאו זכיה היא:

Mishnah 2

Mishnayos Eruvin Perek 7 Mishnah 7

עירובין פרק ז׳ משנה ז׳

7
If the food in the barrel for the merging of the alleyway diminished and was less than the requisite measure, one may add a little of his own and confer possession to the others, and he need not inform them of his addition. However, if new residents were added to the residents of the alleyway, he may add food on behalf of those residents and confer possession to them, and he must inform the new residents of their inclusion in the merging of alleyways.
נִתְמַעֵט הָאֹכֶל, מוֹסִיף וּמְזַכֶּה, וְאֵין צָרִיךְ לְהוֹדִיעַ. נִתּוֹסְפוּ עֲלֵיהֶם, מוֹסִיף וּמְזַכֶּה, וְצָרִיךְ לְהוֹדִיעַ:
ז׳

נתמעט האוכל – from its measurement that is explained further in our Mishnah (i.e., in Mishnah 8).

מוסיף ומזכה – if he comes to add from his own [food or wine], even from a different species [of food] from the first partnership/shared species, he adds and causes them to take possess and he doesn’t need to inform them (i.e., the other participants in the partnership alleyway), for since there remains a bit from the first species, it doesn’t appear like it an Eruv was made at the outset, but if he puts in from the partnership/shared species [of food], even if it was completely finished, he brings from the same species and he doesn’t need to inform them.

נתוספו עליהם דיורים מוסיף ומזכה וצריך להודיע – and especially at the time when the courtyard has two openings for two alleyways, for when they make an Eruv with the people of this alleyway, it is forbidden to use another alleyway, therefore it is necessary to inform them, for perhaps it is not satisfactory for them to acquire in this direction and to effect a possession in the direction that is opposite it, but if it lacks an opening other than to this alleyway that they have participated/shared in from the outset, there is no need to inform, because you may obtain a privilege in behalf of a person in his absence, but you cannot act in his behalf to his disadvantage (see the conclusion of Tractate Eruvin, Chapter 7, Mishnah 11, where this phrase is used).

נתמעט האוכל. משעורו המפורש לקמן במתניתין:

מוסיף ומזכה. אם בא להוסיף משלו אפילו ממין אחר שאינו ממין השתוף הראשון, מוסיף ומזכה ואינו צריך להודיען, כיון שנשאר קצת מן המין הראשון אינו נראה כמערב בתחלה. אבל אם נותן ממין השתוף הראשון אפילו כלה לגמרי מביא מאותו המין ומזכה ואינו צריך להודיען:

נתוספו עליהם דיורים מוסיף ומזכה וצריך להודיע. ודוקא בזמן שיש לחצר ב׳ פתחים לב׳ מבואות, שכשעושה עירוב עם אנשי מבוי זה אסור להשתמש במבוי אחר, לפיכך צריך להודיע, דלמא לא ניחא להו לקנות ברוח זו ולהניח יד ברוח שכנגדה. אבל אם אין לו פתח אלא למבוי זה שנשתתפו בו תחלה אינו צריך להודיע, דזכין לאדם שלא בפניו ואין חבין לאדם אלא בפניו:

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