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Today's Mishnah Yomi

Eduyos 6:3 - 7:1

The Mishnah Yomi for Saturday, June 28, 2042 is Eduyos 6:3 - 7:1

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Mishnah 1

Mishnayos Eduyos Perek 6 Mishnah 3

ืขื“ื™ื•ืช ืคืจืง ื•ืณ ืžืฉื ื” ื’ืณ

3
1) An oliveโ€™s quantity of flesh severed from a limb of a living man: 1) Rabbi Eliezer pronounces impure and Rabbi Joshua and Rabbi Nehunia pronounce pure. a) A barley-grainโ€™s quantity of bone severed from a limb of a living man, b) Rabbi Nehunia pronounces impure and Rabbi Eliezer and Rabbi Joshua pronounce pure. 2) They said to Rabbi Eliezer: what reason have you found for pronouncing impure an oliveโ€™s quantity of flesh severed from a limb of a living man? 1) He said to them: we find that a limb from a living man is like an entire corpse; just as in the case of a corpse, an oliveโ€™s quantity of flesh severed from it is impure, so also in the case of a limb from a living man an oliveโ€™s quantity of flesh severed from it must be impure. 2) They said to him: No! When you pronounce impure an oliveโ€™s quantity of flesh severed from a corpse, it is because you have pronounced impure a barley-grainโ€™s quantity of bone severed from it. But how can you also pronounce impure an oliveโ€™s quantity of flesh severed from a limb of a living man, seeing that you have pronounced pure a barley-grainโ€™s quantity of bone severed from it? 3) They said to Rabbi Nehunia: what reason have you found for pronouncing impure a barley-grainโ€™s quantity of bone severed from a limb of a living man? 1) He said to them: we find that a limb from a living man is like an entire corpse; just as in the case of a corpse, a barley-grainโ€™s quantity of bone severed from it is impure, so also in the case of a limb from a living man, a barley-grainโ€™s quantity of bone severed from it must be impure. 2) They said to him: No! When you pronounce impure a barley-grainโ€™s quantity of bone severed from a corpse, it is because you have pronounced impure an oliveโ€™s quantity of flesh severed from it. But how can you also pronounce impure a barley-grainโ€™s quantity of bone severed from a limb of a living man, seeing that you have pronounced pure an oliveโ€™s quantity of flesh severed from it? 1) They said to Rabbi Eliezer: what reason have you found for dividing your standards? Either pronounce them both impure, or pronounce them both pure! 1) He said to them: greater is the impurity of flesh than the impurity of bones, for the defilement of flesh applies both to (animal) carcasses and to creeping things, but it is not so in the case of bones. Another answer: a limb which has on it the proper quantity of flesh causes impurity by touching and by carrying and by being under the same roof-space (ohel); if the flesh is diminished it is still impure, while if the bone is diminished it is pure. They said to Rabbi Nehunia: what reason have you found for dividing your standards? Either pronounce them both impure, or pronounce them both pure! He said to them: greater is the impurity of bones than the impurity of flesh, for flesh severed from a living man is pure, whereas a limb severed from him, while in its natural condition, is impure. Another answer: an oliveโ€™s quantity of flesh (from a corpse) causes impurity by touching and by carrying and by being under the same roof-space (ohel); and a majority of a corpseโ€™s bones causes impurity by touching and by carrying and by being under the same roof-space (ohel); if the flesh is diminished it is pure, but if a majority of the bones is diminished, although it does not cause impurity by being under the same roof-space, it yet causes defilement by touching and by carrying.Another answer: any flesh of a corpse less than an oliveโ€™s quantity is pure, but bones forming the greater portion of the bodyโ€™ build or the greater portion of the number of the corpseโ€™s bones, even though they do not fill a quarter-kav are yet impure. They said to Rabbi Joshua: what reason have you found for pronouncing them both pure? He said to them: No! When you pronounce impure in the case of a corpse, it is because the rules of โ€œmajorityโ€, โ€œquarter-kavโ€, and โ€œdecayed matterโ€ apply to it. But how can you say the same of a living man, seeing that the rules of โ€œmajorityโ€, โ€œquarter-kavโ€, and โ€œdecayed matterโ€ do not apply to him?
ื›ึผึทื–ึผึทื™ึดืช ื‘ึผึธืฉื‚ึธืจ ื”ึทืคึผื•ึนืจึตืฉื ืžึตืึตื‘ึธืจ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทื—ึทื™, ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืึฑืœึดื™ืขึถื–ึถืจ ืžึฐื˜ึทืžึผึตื, ื•ึฐืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ื•ึฐืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื ึฐื—ื•ึผื ึฐื™ึธื ืžึฐื˜ึทื”ึฒืจึดื™ื. ืขึถืฆึถื ื›ึผึทืฉึผื‚ึฐืขึนืจึธื” ื”ึทืคึผื•ึนืจึตืฉื ืžึตืึตื‘ึธืจ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทื—ึทื™, ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื ึฐื—ื•ึผื ึฐื™ึธื ืžึฐื˜ึทืžึผึตื, ื•ึฐืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืึฑืœึดื™ืขึถื–ึถืจ ื•ึฐืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ืžึฐื˜ึทื”ึฒืจึดื™ืŸ. ืึธืžึฐืจื•ึผ ืœื•ึน ืœึฐืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืึฑืœึดื™ืขึถื–ึถืจ, ืžึธื” ืจึธืึดื™ืชึธ ืœึฐื˜ึทืžึผึตื ื›ึทื–ึผึทื™ึดืช ื‘ึผึธืฉื‚ึธืจ ื”ึทืคึผื•ึนืจึตืฉื ืžึตืึตื‘ึธืจ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทื—ึทื™. ืึธืžึทืจ ืœึธื”ึถื, ืžึธืฆึดื™ื ื•ึผ ืึตื‘ึถืจ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทื—ึทื™ ื›ึผึฐืžึตืช ืฉืึธืœึตื. ืžึทื” ื”ึทืžึผึตืช, ื›ึผึทื–ึผึทื™ึดืช ื‘ึผึธืฉื‚ึธืจ ื”ึทืคึผื•ึนืจึตืฉื ืžึดืžึผึถื ึผื•ึผ ื˜ึธืžึตื, ืึทืฃ ืึตื‘ึถืจ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทื—ึทื™, ื›ึผึทื–ึผึทื™ึดืช ื‘ึผึธืฉื‚ึธืจ ื”ึทืคึผื•ึนืจึตืฉื ืžึดืžึผึถื ึผื•ึผ ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื˜ึธืžึตื. ืึธืžึฐืจื•ึผ ืœื•ึน, ืœึนื, ืึดื ื˜ึดืžึผึตืืชึธ ื›ึทื–ึผึทื™ึดืช ื‘ึผึธืฉื‚ึธืจ ื”ึทืคึผื•ึนืจึตืฉื ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทืžึผึตืช, ืฉืึถื›ึผึตืŸ ื˜ึดืžึผึตืืชึธ ืขึถืฆึถื ื›ึผึทืฉึผื‚ึฐืขึนืจึธื” ื”ึทืคึผื•ึนืจึตืฉื ืžึดืžึผึถื ึผื•ึผ, ืชึผึฐื˜ึทืžึผึตื ื›ึทื–ึผึทื™ึดืช ื‘ึผึธืฉื‚ึธืจ ื”ึทืคึผื•ึนืจึตืฉื ืžึตืึตื‘ึธืจ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทื—ึทื™, ืฉืึถื›ึผึตืŸ ื˜ึดื”ึทืจึฐืชึผึธ ืขึถืฆึถื ื›ึผึทืฉึผื‚ึฐืขึนืจึธื” ื”ึทืคึผื•ึนืจึตืฉื ื”ึตื™ืžึถื ึผื•ึผ. ืึธืžึฐืจื•ึผ ืœื•ึน ืœึฐืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื ึฐื—ื•ึผื ึฐื™ึธื, ืžึธื” ืจึธืึดื™ืชึธ ืœึฐื˜ึทืžึผึตื ืขึถืฆึถื ื›ึผึทืฉึผื‚ึฐืขึนืจึธื” ื”ึทืคึผื•ึนืจึตืฉื ืžึตืึตื‘ึธืจ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทื—ึทื™. ืึธืžึทืจ ืœึธื”ึถื, ืžึธืฆึดื™ื ื•ึผ ืึตื‘ึถืจ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทื—ึทื™ ื›ึผึฐืžึตืช ืฉืึธืœึตื. ืžึทื” ื”ึทืžึผึตืช, ืขึถืฆึถื ื›ึผึทืฉึผื‚ึฐืขึนืจึธื” ื”ึทืคึผื•ึนืจึตืฉื ืžึดืžึผึถื ึผื•ึผ ื˜ึธืžึตื, ืึทืฃ ืึตื‘ึถืจ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทื—ึทื™, ืขึถืฆึถื ื›ึผึทืฉึผื‚ึฐืขึนืจึธื” ื”ึทืคึผื•ึนืจึตืฉื ืžึดืžึผึถื ึผื•ึผ ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื˜ึธืžึตื. ืึธืžึฐืจื•ึผ ืœื•ึน, ืœึนื, ืึดื ื˜ึดืžึผึตืืชึธ ืขึถืฆึถื ื›ึผึทืฉึผื‚ึฐืขึนืจึธื” ื”ึทืคึผื•ึนืจึตืฉื ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทืžึผึตืช, ืฉืึถื›ึผึตืŸ ื˜ึดืžึผึตืืชึธ ื›ึทื–ึผึทื™ึดืช ื‘ึผึธืฉื‚ึธืจ ื”ึทืคึผื•ึนืจึตืฉื ืžึดืžึผึถื ึผื•ึผ, ืชึผึฐื˜ึทืžึผึตื ืขึถืฆึถื ื›ึผึทืฉึผื‚ึฐืขึนืจึธื” ื”ึทืคึผื•ึนืจึตืฉื ืžึตืึตื‘ึธืจ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทื—ึทื™, ืฉืึถื›ึผึตืŸ ื˜ึดื”ึทืจึฐืชึผึธ ื›ึทื–ึผึทื™ึดืช ื‘ึผึธืฉื‚ึธืจ ื”ึทืคึผื•ึนืจึตืฉื ืžึดืžึผึถื ึผื•ึผ. ืึธืžึฐืจื•ึผ ืœื•ึน ืœึฐืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืึฑืœึดื™ืขึถื–ึถืจ, ืžึธื” ืจึธืึดื™ืชึธ ืœึทื—ึฒืœึนืง ืžึดื“ึผื•ึนืชึถื™ืšึธ, ืื•ึน ื˜ึทืžึผึตื ื‘ึดืฉืึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถื ืื•ึน ื˜ึทื”ึตืจ ื‘ึผึดืฉืึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถื. ืึธืžึทืจ ืœึธื”ึถื, ืžึฐืจึปื‘ึผึธื” ื˜ึปืžึฐืึทืช ื”ึทื‘ึผึธืฉื‚ึธืจ ืžึดื˜ึผึปืžึฐืึทืช ื”ึธืขึฒืฆึธืžื•ึนืช, ืฉืึถื”ึทื‘ึผึธืฉื‚ึธืจ ื ื•ึนื”ึตื’ ื‘ึผึทื ึผึฐื‘ึตืœื•ึนืช ื•ึผื‘ึทืฉึผืึฐืจึธืฆึดื™ื, ืžึทื” ืฉึผืึถืึตื™ืŸ ื›ึผึตืŸ ื‘ึผึธืขึฒืฆึธืžื•ึนืช. ื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ืึทื—ึตืจ, ืึตื‘ึถืจ ืฉืึถื™ึผึตืฉื ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ื‘ึผึธืฉื‚ึธืจ ื›ึผึธืจึธืื•ึผื™, ืžึฐื˜ึทืžึผึตื ื‘ึฐืžึทื’ึผึธืข ื•ึผื‘ึฐืžึทืฉึผื‚ึธื ื•ึผื‘ึฐืึนื”ึถืœ. ื—ึธืกึตืจ ื”ึทื‘ึผึธืฉื‚ึธืจ, ื˜ึธืžึตื. ื—ึธืกึตืจ ื”ึธืขึถืฆึถื, ื˜ึธื”ื•ึนืจ. ืึธืžึฐืจื•ึผ ืœื•ึน ืœึฐืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื ึฐื—ื•ึผื ึฐื™ึธื, ืžึธื” ืจึธืึดื™ืชึธ ืœึทื—ึฒืœึนืง ืžึดื“ึผื•ึนืชึถื™ืšึธ, ืื•ึน ื˜ึทืžึผึตื ื‘ึดืฉืึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถื ืื•ึน ื˜ึทื”ึตืจ ื‘ึผึดืฉืึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถื. ืึธืžึทืจ ืœึธื”ึถื, ืžึฐืจึปื‘ึผึธื” ื˜ึปืžึฐืึทืช ื”ึธืขึฒืฆึธืžื•ึนืช ืžึดื˜ึผึปืžึฐืึทืช ื”ึทื‘ึผึธืฉื‚ึธืจ, ืฉึผืึถื”ึทื‘ึผึธืฉื‚ึธืจ ื”ึทืคึผื•ึนืจึตืฉื ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทื—ึทื™ ื˜ึธื”ื•ึนืจ, ื•ึฐืึตื‘ึธืจ ื”ึทืคึผื•ึนืจึตืฉื ืžึดืžึผึถื ึผื•ึผ, ื•ึฐื”ื•ึผื ื›ึดื‘ึฐืจึดื™ึผึธืชื•ึน, ื˜ึธืžึตื. ื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ืึทื—ึตืจ, ื›ึผึทื–ึผึทื™ึดืช ื‘ึผึธืฉื‚ึธืจ ืžึฐื˜ึทืžึผึตื ื‘ึฐืžึทื’ึผึธืข ื•ึผื‘ึฐืžึทืฉึผื‚ึธื ื•ึผื‘ึฐืึนื”ึถืœ, ื•ึฐืจึนื‘ ืขึฒืฆึธืžื•ึนืช ืžึฐื˜ึทืžึผึฐืึดื™ื ื‘ึผึฐืžึทื’ึผึธืข ื•ึผื‘ึฐืžึทืฉึผื‚ึธื ื•ึผื‘ึฐืึนื”ึถืœ. ื—ึธืกึตืจ ื”ึทื‘ึผึธืฉื‚ึธืจ, ื˜ึธื”ื•ึนืจ. ื—ึธืกึตืจ ืจึนื‘ ืขึฒืฆึธืžื•ึนืช, ืึทืฃ ืขึทืœ ืคึผึดื™ ืฉืึถื˜ึผึธื”ื•ึนืจ ืžึดืœึผึฐื˜ึทืžึผึตื ื‘ึฐืึนื”ึถืœ, ืžึฐื˜ึทืžึผึตื ื‘ึฐืžึทื’ึผึธืข ื•ึผื‘ึฐืžึทืฉึผื‚ึธื. ื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ืึทื—ึตืจ, ื›ึผึธืœ ื‘ึผึฐืฉื‚ึทืจ ื”ึทืžึผึตืช, ืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ืคึธื—ื•ึนืช ืžึดื›ึผึทื–ึผึทื™ึดืช, ื˜ึธื”ื•ึนืจ. ืจึนื‘ ื‘ึผึดื ึฐื™ึธื ื•ึน ื•ึฐืจึนื‘ ืžึดื ึฐื™ึธื ื•ึน ืฉืึถืœ ืžึตืช, ืึทืฃ ืขึทืœ ืคึผึดื™ ืฉืึถืึตื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึธื”ึถื ืจึนื‘ึทืข, ื˜ึฐืžึตืึดื™ืŸ. ืึธืžึฐืจื•ึผ ืœื•ึน ืœึฐืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท, ืžึธื” ืจึธืึดื™ืชึธ ืœึฐื˜ึทื”ึตืจ ื‘ึผึดืฉืึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถื. ืึธืžึทืจ ืœึธื”ึถื, ืœึนื, ืึดื ืึฒืžึทืจึฐืชึผึถื ื‘ึผึทืžึผึตืช, ืฉืึถื™ึผึถืฉื ื‘ึผื•ึน ืจึนื‘ ื•ึฐืจึนื‘ึทืข ื•ึฐืจึธืงึธื‘, ืชึผึนืืžึฐืจื•ึผ ื‘ึทื—ึทื™ ืฉืึถืึตื™ืŸ ื‘ึผื•ึน ืจึนื‘ ื•ึฐืจึนื‘ึทืข ื•ึฐืจึธืงึธื‘:
ื’ืณ
Bartenura

ื›ื–ื™ืช ื‘ืฉืจ ื”ืคื•ืจืฉ ืžืื‘ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื™ โ€“ a limb that separates from a living person, itโ€™s law is that it defiles all the while it is a complete limb while in contact and while being carried and in the tent of the dead person himself, as it is written (Numbers 19:16): โ€œ[And in the open, anyone who touches a person] who was killed, or who died naturally...,โ€ the limb that had been severed by the sword from the living, it is like the dead. And the flesh that separates from the living does not defile until it becomes a complete limb and when an oliveโ€™s bulk of flesh separates from the limb of a living person, Rabbi Eliezer defiles as it explains the reason further on.

ืขืฆื ื›ืฉืขื•ืจื” โ€“ from the dead defiles through contact and through carrying but it does not defile in the tent, as it is written (Numbers 19:18): โ€˜โ€or on him who touched the bones [or the person who was killed or died naturally or the grave],โ€ and it is a traditional interpretation of a written law that it defiles with a barley seed in bulk, and when it separates from a living limb, Rabbi Nehuniah defiles it, etc.

ืžืฆื™ื ื• ืื‘ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื™ ื›ืžืช ืขืฆืžื• โ€“ that we derive it from the Biblical verse (Numbers 19:16): โ€œwho was killed or died naturally.โ€

ืื ื˜ืžืืช ื›ื–ื™ืช ื‘ืฉืจ ื”ืคื•ืจืฉ ืžืŸ ื”ืžืช โ€“ that is to say, it is a law that an oliveโ€™s bulk of flesh that separates from the dead person will be defiled, just as it has another stringency that the bone is like a barley-seed in bulk that separates from it is also impure.

ืื‘ืœ ื ื˜ืžื ื›ื–ื™ืช ื‘ืฉืจ ื”ืคื•ืจืฉ ืžืื‘ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื™ โ€“ in astonishment, for there isnโ€™t in this that stringency.

ืฉื›ืŸ ื˜ื”ืจืช ืขืฆื ื›ืฉืขื•ืจื” ื”ืคื•ืจืฉ ืžืžื ื• โ€“ for it is taught in the Mishnah above that a bone which is a barley-seed in bulk that separates from a living limb, Rabbi Eliezer and RabbiYehoshua declare if pure, but from its own words, they made an objection/refutation what did we find that he brought and similarly to Rabbi Nehunia..โ€

ืฉื”ื‘ืฉืจ ื ื•ื”ื’ ื‘ื ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืจืฆื™ื ื•ื›ื•' โ€“ as it is written (Leviticus 11:36): โ€œ[However, a spring or cistern in which water is collected shall be pure,] but whoever touches such a carcass in it shall be impure.โ€ Such a carcass, and not the bones, and not the horns and not the cloven hoofs. So we see that the bones do not defile because of a carrion (that dies of itself).

ืื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืฉืจ ื›ืจืื•ื™ โ€“ a limb does not defile other than if it has flesh and sinews and bones, as it is written (Numbers 19:16)โ€ โ€œor human bone,โ€ just as a person who has flesh and sinews and bones, also all that have flesh and sinews and bones, and if it is missing from the flesh that was upon it and there remains upon it flesh as appropriate that will produce new flesh on a healing wound if it is attached to a living person, it defiles because of the limb, and that is - as we have said that if is missing the flesh, it is impure, but if it is missing a little bit from the bone in the limb, it does not defile because of the limb and that is as we have said, missing the bone, it is pure. That is to say, pure because of the limb, but it is impure because of the flesh and if so, we found that the defilement of the flesh is greater than the defilement from the bone.

ื•ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื• โ€“ flesh and sinews and bones.

ื›ื–ื™ืช ื‘ืฉืจ ืžื˜ืžื ื‘ืžื’ืข ื•ื‘ืžืฉื ื•ื‘ืื”ืœ โ€“ they said according to the beginning of the creation of man is as an oliveโ€™s bulk. Therefore the measure of his defilement is an oliveโ€™s bulk.

ื•ืจื•ื‘ ืขืฆืžื•ืช โ€“ the majority of the number of the bones of a human being, since the number of the bones of a human is two-hundred and forty-eight. It is found that the majority is one-hundred and twenty-five.

ื—ืกืจ ื”ื‘ืฉืจ โ€“ from the measurement of an oliveโ€™s bulk

ื˜ื”ื•ืจ โ€“ completely from being defiled not through contact and not through carrying nor in a tent.

ื—ืกืจ ืจื•ื‘ ืขืฆืžื•ืช ืžื˜ืžื ื‘ืžื’ืข ื•ื‘ืžืฉื โ€“ for a bone like a barley-seed in bulk defiles through contact and through carrying, but does not defile in the tent. So we see that the defilement of bones is greater than defilement by flesh, for if it were the bones that were missing from their measurement, still defilement would remain in them, but flesh that is missing from its measure is completely pure.

ืจื•ื‘ ื‘ื ื™ื ื• โ€“ such as two lower legs and one thigh and all of the skeleton of a person are two lower legs and the thighs and the ribs and the backbone.

ืืข"ืค ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืจื•ื‘ืข โ€“ for one-quarter kab of ones of a dead person defile in the tent. Even though they donโ€™t have the majority of the bones [of a human being] or the majority of the skeleton, they defile even though they lack the one-quarter [kab]. But flesh which is less than the equivalent of an oliveโ€™s bulk, you have nothing in it that will bring to him the defilement.

ืื ืืžืจืชื ื‘ืžืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืจื•ื‘ ื•ืจื•ื‘ืข ื•ืจืงื‘ โ€“ it is the law that the equivalent of an oliveโ€™s bulk of flesh and a barley-sideโ€™s bulk of a bone that separates from the dead will be impure, for there are stringencies regarding the dead of a majority and one-quarter [kab] and a mass of earth from a grave containing parts of a decayed human body.

ืชืืžืจื• ื‘ื—ื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• โ€“ these stringencies which is not the law that there would be neither the equivalent of an oliveโ€™s bulk of flesh nor a barley-seedโ€™s equivalent of a bone that separate from the limb of a living person, they are [not] impure, but rather pure. And the Halakha is according to Rabbi Yehoshua.

ื•ืจืงื‘ โ€“ the body of a dead whose moistness had ceased, and had become like dirt, this is ืจืงื‘/decay of the body that defiles a spoon-filled of dust/tarvad-full of dust [from parts of a decayed human body] and its measurement is the handful of an intermediate-size individual. But a handful of a decayed human body does not defile other than from a dead person buried naked in an alabaster coffin which is covered with a marble cover until it is definitively known that there is no mixture of a decay of clothing or of wood or other dirt. But if the dead is buried in his clothing or in a wooden coffin or in the dust, there is no decay, and similarly, a dead person that is buried missing a limb, there is no decay.

ื›ื–ื™ืช ื‘ืฉืจ ื”ืคื•ืจืฉ ืžืื‘ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื™. ืื‘ืจ ืฉืคื™ืจืฉ ืžืŸ ื”ืื“ื ื”ื—ื™, ื“ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื˜ืžื ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืื‘ืจ ืฉืœื, ื‘ืžื’ืข ื•ื‘ืžืฉื ื•ื‘ืื•ื”ืœ ื›ืžืช ืขืฆืžื•, ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื™ืดื˜) ื‘ื—ืœืœ ื—ืจื‘ ืื• ื‘ืžืช, ืื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœืชื• ื”ื—ืจื‘ ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื™ ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื›ืžืช. ื•ื”ื‘ืฉืจ ื”ืคื•ืจืฉ ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื™ ืื™ื ื• ืžื˜ืžื ืขื“ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืื‘ืจ ืฉืœื. ื•ื›ืฉืคื™ืจืฉ ื›ื–ื™ืช ื‘ืฉืจ ืžืื‘ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื™, ืจืณ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžื˜ืžื ื›ื“ืžืคืจืฉ ื˜ืขืžื ื•ืื–ื™ืœ:

ืขืฆื ื›ืฉืขื•ืจื” ืžืŸ ื”ืžืช, ืžื˜ืžื ื‘ืžื’ืข ื•ื‘ืžืฉื ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžื˜ืžื ื‘ืื•ื”ืœ, ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ืฉื) ื•ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ื‘ืขืฆื, ื•ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืฉื” ืžืกื™ื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื˜ืžื ื‘ื›ืฉืขื•ืจื”. ื•ื›ืฉืคื™ืจืฉ ืžืื‘ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื™ ืจืณ ื ื—ื•ื ื™ื ืžื˜ืžื ื•ื›ื•ืณ:

ืžืฆื™ื ื• ืื‘ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื™ ื›ืžืช ืฉืœื. ื›ื“ื™ืœืคื™ื ืŸ ืžืงืจื ื‘ื—ืœืœ ื—ืจื‘ ืื• ื‘ืžืช:

ืื ื˜ื™ืžืืช ื›ื–ื™ืช ื‘ืฉืจ ื”ืคื•ืจืฉ ืžืŸ ื”ืžืช. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉื›ื–ื™ืช ื‘ืฉืจ ื”ืคื•ืจืฉ ืžืŸ ื”ืžืช ื™ื”ื ื˜ืžื, ืฉื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื—ื•ืžืจื ืื—ืจืช, ืฉืขืฆื ื›ืฉืขื•ืจื” ื”ืคื•ืจืฉ ืžืžื ื• ื ืžื™ ื˜ืžื:

ืื‘ืœ ื ื˜ืžื ื›ื–ื™ืช ื‘ืฉืจ ื”ืคื•ืจืฉ ืžืื‘ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื™. ื‘ืชืžื™ื”. ืฉื”ืจื™ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ื–ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื:

ืฉื›ืŸ ื˜ื™ื”ืจืช ืขืฆื ื›ืฉืขื•ืจื” ื”ืคื•ืจืฉ ืžืžื ื•. ื“ื”ื ืชื ืŸ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขืฆื ื›ืฉืขื•ืจื” ื”ืคื•ืจืฉ ืžืื‘ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื™ ืจืณ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื•ืจืณ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืžื˜ื”ืจื™ืŸ. ื•ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ืขืฆืžื• ืขืฉื• ืคืจื›ื ืœืžื” ืžืฆื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ืœืจื‘ื™ ื ื—ื•ื ื™ื:

ืฉื”ื‘ืฉืจ ื ื•ื”ื’ ื‘ื ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืจืฆื™ื ื•ื›ื•ืณ ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ื•ื™ืงืจื ื™ืดื) ื•ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ื‘ื ื‘ืœืชื, ื‘ื ื‘ืœืชื ื•ืœื ื‘ืขืฆืžื•ืช ื•ืœื ื‘ืงืจื ื™ื ื•ืœื ื‘ื˜ืœืคื™ื, ืืœืžื ืื™ืŸ ื”ืขืฆืžื•ืช ืžื˜ืžืื™ื ืžืฉื•ื ื ื‘ื™ืœื”:

ืื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืฉืจ ื›ืจืื•ื™. ืื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื• ืžื˜ืžื ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืขืฆืžื•ืช, ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื™ืดื˜) ืื• ื‘ืขืฆื ืื“ื, ืžื” ืื“ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืขืฆืžื•ืช, ืืฃ ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืขืฆืžื•ืช. ื•ืื ื—ืกืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ืฉืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื• ื•ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ื• ื‘ืฉืจ ื›ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื™ืขืœื” ืืจื•ื›ื” ื•ื™ื‘ืจื™ื ืื ื”ื™ื” ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื“ื ื—ื™, ืžื˜ืžื ืžืฉื•ื ืื‘ืจ. ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื“ืงืืžืจ ื—ืกืจ ื”ื‘ืฉืจ ื˜ืžื. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื ื—ืกืจ ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืŸ ื”ืขืฆื ืฉื‘ืื‘ืจ, ืฉื•ื‘ ืื™ื ื• ืžื˜ืžื ืžืฉื•ื ืื‘ืจ. ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื“ืงืืžืจ ื—ืกืจ ื”ืขืฆื ื˜ื”ื•ืจ, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื˜ื”ื•ืจ ืžืฉื•ื ืื‘ืจ ืื‘ืœ ื˜ืžื ืžืฉื•ื ื‘ืฉืจ, ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ืžืฆื™ื ื• ืฉืžืจื•ื‘ื” ื˜ื•ืžืืช ื‘ืฉืจ ืžื˜ื•ืžืืช ืขืฆื:

ื•ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื•. ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืขืฆืžื•ืช:

ื›ื–ื™ืช ื‘ืฉืจ ืžื˜ืžื ื‘ืžื’ืข ื•ื‘ืžืฉื ื•ื‘ืื•ื”ืœ. ืืžืจื• ืœืคื™ ืฉืชื—ืœืช ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื›ื–ื™ืช, ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื˜ื•ืžืืชื• ื‘ื›ื–ื™ืช:

ื•ืจื•ื‘ ืขืฆืžื•ืช. ืจื•ื‘ ืžื ื™ืŸ ืขืฆืžื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื, ืฉืžื ื™ืŸ ืขืฆืžื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืจืžืดื—, ื ืžืฆื ื”ืจื•ื‘ ืžืื” ื•ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ื—ืžืฉื”:

ื—ืกืจ ื”ื‘ืฉืจ. ืžืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื›ื–ื™ืช:

ื˜ื”ื•ืจ. ื’ืžื•ืจ ืžืœื˜ืžื, ืœื ื‘ืžื’ืข ื•ืœื ื‘ืžืฉื ื•ืœื ื‘ืื•ื”ืœ:

ื—ืกืจ ืจื•ื‘ ืขืฆืžื•ืช ืžื˜ืžื ื‘ืžื’ืข ื•ื‘ืžืฉื. ื“ืขืฆื ื›ืฉืขื•ืจื” ืžื˜ืžื ื‘ืžื’ืข ื•ื‘ืžืฉื ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžื˜ืžื ื‘ืื•ื”ืœ, ืืœืžื ืžืจื•ื‘ื” ื˜ื•ืžืืช ืขืฆืžื•ืช ืžื˜ื•ืžืืช ื‘ืฉืจ, ื“ืื™ืœื• ืขืฆืžื•ืช ื›ืฉื ื—ืกืจื• ืžืฉื™ืขื•ืจืŸ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ื”ืŸ ื˜ื•ืžืื”, ื•ื‘ืฉืจ ื›ืฉื ื—ืกืจ ืžืฉื™ืขื•ืจื• ื˜ื”ื•ืจ ื’ืžื•ืจ:

ืจื•ื‘ ื‘ื ื™ื ื•. ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ืฉื•ืงื™ื ื•ื™ืจืš ืื—ื“. ื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื”ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ืฉื•ืงื™ื ื•ื”ื™ืจื›ื™ื ื•ื”ืฆืœืขื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื“ืจื”:

ืืขืดืค ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืจื•ื‘ืข. ื“ืจื•ื‘ืข ืงื‘ ืขืฆืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืช ืžื˜ืžืื™ื ื‘ืื•ื”ืœ ืืขืดืค ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ืจื•ื‘ ืžื ื™ืŸ ื•ืœื ืจื•ื‘ ื‘ื ื™ืŸ. ื•ื›ืŸ ืจื•ื‘ ืžื ื™ืŸ ืื• ืจื•ื‘ ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ืžื˜ืžืื™ื ืืขืดืค ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืจื•ื‘ืข. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉืจ ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื›ื–ื™ืช ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ื‘ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื• ืืช ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื”:

ืื ืืžืจืชื ื‘ืžืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืจื•ื‘ ื•ืจื•ื‘ืข ื•ืจืงื‘. ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉื›ื–ื™ืช ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ืขืฆื ื›ืฉืขื•ืจื” ื”ืคื•ืจืฉื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืžืช ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื˜ืžืื™ื, ืฉื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื‘ืžืช ื—ื•ืžืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจื•ื‘ ื•ืจื•ื‘ืข ื•ืจืงื‘:

ืชืืžืจื• ื‘ื—ื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ื—ื•ืžืจื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•, ืฉืื™ื ื• ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื›ื–ื™ืช ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ืœื ืขืฆื ื›ืฉืขื•ืจื” ื”ืคื•ืจืฉื™ื ืžืื‘ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื™ ื˜ืžืื™ื ืืœื ื˜ื”ื•ืจื™ื. ื•ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืจืณ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข:

ื•ืจืงื‘. ื’ื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ืžืช ื›ืฉื›ืœื” ืœื—ื•ืชื• ื•ื ืขืฉื” ื›ืžื™ืŸ ืขืคืจ, ื–ื”ื• ืจืงื‘ ืฉืžื˜ืžื ื›ืžืœื•ื ืชืจื•ื“. ื•ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื• ืžืœื ื—ืคื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™. ื•ืื™ืŸ ืžืœื ืชืจื•ื“ ืจืงื‘ ืžื˜ืžื ืืœื ืžืŸ ื”ืžืช ืฉื ืงื‘ืจ ืขืจื•ื ื‘ืืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ื•ืžื›ื•ืกื” ื‘ื›ืกื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืฉ, ืขื“ ืฉื ื•ื“ืข ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช ืจืงื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื‘ื’ื“ ืื• ืฉืœ ืขืฅ ืื• ืขืคืจ ืื—ืจ. ืื‘ืœ ืžืช ืฉื ืงื‘ืจ ื‘ื›ืกื•ืชื• ืื• ื‘ืืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืขืฅ ืื• ื‘ืขืคืจ, ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืจืงื‘. ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืช ืฉื ืงื‘ืจ ื—ืกืจ ืื‘ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืจืงื‘:

Mishnah 2

Mishnayos Eduyos Perek 7 Mishnah 1

ืขื“ื™ื•ืช ืคืจืง ื–ืณ ืžืฉื ื” ืืณ

1
Rabbi Joshua and Rabbi Zadok testified concerning the redemption (lamb) of a firstborn donkey, that if it died, the priest receives nothing, Whereas Rabbi Eliezer says: the owner must bear the responsibility as with the five selas [in the case] of a [firstborn] son. But the Sages say: he bears no responsibility any more than in the case of the redemption of second tithes.
ื”ึตืขึดื™ื“ ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ื•ึฐืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืฆึธื“ื•ึนืง ืขึทืœ ืคึผึดื“ึฐื™ื•ึนืŸ ืคึผึถื˜ึถืจ ื—ึฒืžื•ึนืจ ืฉืึถืžึผึตืช, ืฉืึถืึตื™ืŸ ื‘ึผื•ึน ืœึทื›ึผึนื”ึตืŸ ื›ึผึฐืœื•ึผื, ืฉืึถืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืึฑืœึดื™ืขึถื–ึถืจ ืื•ึนืžึตืจ, ื—ึทื™ึผึธื‘ึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืึทื—ึฒืจึธื™ื•ึผืชึธืŸ ื›ึผึฐื—ึธืžึตืฉื ืกึฐืœึธืขึดื™ื ืฉืึถืœ ื‘ึผึตืŸ. ื•ึทื—ึฒื›ึธืžึดื™ื ืื•ึนืžึฐืจึดื™ื, ืึตื™ืŸ ื—ึทื™ึผึธื‘ึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืึทื—ึฒืจึธื™ื•ึผืชึธืŸ ืึถืœึผึธื ื›ึฐืคึดื“ึฐื™ื•ึนืŸ ืฉืึถืœ ืžึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึตืจ ืฉืึตื ึดื™:
ืืณ
Bartenura

ื”ืขื™ื“ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข. ืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืคื˜ืจ ื—ืžื•ืจ ืฉืžืชโ€“ a lamb which was set aside/dedicated for the redemption of the first-born of an ass and it died.

ื›ื—ืžืฉ ืกืœืขื™ื โ€“ [like the five Selaโ€™im] of the redemption of the first-born son [if lost] is liable to make it up.

ื›ืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ โ€“ for if it was lost, he is not liable to make it for that money the All-Merciful obligated to teat in Jerusalem, but surely it was lost to him, and the reason of Rabbi Eliezer for we have surely found that the Biblical verse made a comparison by juxtaposition between the first born of the ass and the first born of a human being, as it states (Exodus 34:20): โ€œBut the firstling of an ass you shall redeem with a sheep; [if you do not redeem it, you must break its neck.] And you must redeem every first-born among your sons.โ€

ื•ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื โ€“ The Biblical verse states (Numbers 18:15): โ€œโ€ฆbut you shall have the first-born of man redeemed, and you shall also have the firstling of impure animals redeemed.โ€ To redemption the Torah made a comparison [by juxtaposition] but not to anything else.

ื”ืขื™ื“ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข. ืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืคื˜ืจ ื—ืžื•ืจ ืฉืžืช. ืฉื” ืฉื”ืคืจื™ืฉื• ืœืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืคื˜ืจ ื—ืžื•ืจ ื•ืžืช:

ื›ื—ืžืฉ ืกืœืขื™ื. ืฉืœ ืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชืŸ:

ื›ืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™. ื“ืื ืื‘ื“ ืื™ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื•, ื“ื”ื”ื•ื ื‘ืกืฃ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื” ืจื—ืžื ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื•ื”ื ืื–ืœ ืœื™ื”. ื•ื˜ืขืžื ื“ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ, ืฉื›ืŸ ืžืฆื™ื ื• ืฉื”ืงื™ืฉ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืคื˜ืจ ื—ืžื•ืจ ืœื‘ื›ื•ืจ ืื“ื, ืฉื ืืžืจ (ืฉืžื•ืช ืœืดื“:ื›ืณ) ื•ืคื˜ืจ ื—ืžื•ืจ ืชืคื“ื” ื‘ืฉื” ื•ื’ื•ืณ ื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื›ื•ืจ ื‘ื ื™ืš ืชืคื“ื”:

ื•ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื. ืืžืจ ืงืจื (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื™ืดื—:ื˜ืดื•-ื˜ืดื–) ืืš ืคื“ื” ืชืคื“ื” ืืช ื‘ื›ื•ืจ ื”ืื“ื ื•ืืช ื‘ื›ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื”ืžื” ื”ื˜ืžืื” ืชืคื“ื”, ืœืคื“ื™ื™ื” ื”ืงืฉืชื™ื• ื•ืœื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ:

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