Uktzin 3:5 - 3:6

הקושט (name of a fragrant root or shrub, putchuck) – such is its name in the foreign language and in Arabic. And it is numbered among the spices of frankincense.

והחמס (amomum, an Indian spice/חמם )- there are those who explained it as an Arabic spice plant/ginger and there are those who explain it as cinnamon.

וראשי בשמים (and the principal spices) – as for example Moscato nut, Nard (aromatic herb, Valerian) and things similar to them, that provide a pleasant smell.

התיאה (root of crawfoot -used as a spice, but poisonous for beasts) – a species of assas foetida (an umbelliferous plant used, as a resin or in leaves, for a spice and for medicinal purposes).

וחלתית (assa foetida) – this is its name in Arabic. But even though its aroma is bad, they regularly put from it in foods.

חלות חריע (lozenges made of bastard saffron) – forest crocus/saffron (one of the ingredients of frankincense). And we call it ALKARTOM in Arabic.

אף הן לא ילקחו בכסף מעשר – For the All-Merciful stated (Deuteronomy 14:26): “and you shall spend the money [on anything you want -cattle, sheep, wine, or other intoxicant, or anything that you may desire.] And you shall feast there [in the presence of the LORD your God and rejoice with your household],” a thing that is consumed as it is you purchase with the money of [Second] Tithe, that which is not consumed as it is, you do not purchase with the money of [Second] Tithe. And this is the Halakha, that if it does not receive defilement as food, they are not purchased with the monies of [Second] Tithe.

הפגין (hard/unripe figs)- figs that are not ripe, as it is written (Song of Songs 2:13): “The green figs form on the fig tree.” And all the rest of the produce/fruits also which are not ripe are called פגין.

והבוסר (half-ripe fruit, esp. grapes) – grapes that did not ripen. And when they arrived to become like a white bean, they are called בוסר. And פגין are worse than בוסר.

משיבואו לעונות המעשרות – each and every fruit according to the established time for it to be obligated in tithing, as is taught in the Mishnah in the first chapter of [Tractate] Maaserot (see Mishnah 32). But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yohanan ben Nuri

פריצי זיתים וענבים (the proud among the olives and grapes) – that became hard prior to their ripening, and they are not peeled in the olive press. It is the language of (Daniel 11:14): “and the lawless sons of your people [will assert themselves to confirm the vision, but they will fail],” hard and wicked people. Such are these olives and grapes, hard and they are not peeled nor trodden/pressed.

בית שמאין מטמאין – for they are considered edible/food.

ובית הלל מטהרין – for they are not considered edible/food.

הקצח (black cumin) – NEEL in the foreign language. And it is a black seed, and it is customary to put it on bread, for those who are accustomed to it do not come to have heart pain.

וכן למעשרות – just as they disagreed regarding defilement, so too they argued with regard to tithing, for those who declare them as susceptible to uncleanness as food obligated it for tithing.