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Today's Mishnah Yomi

Avodah Zarah 3:8 - 3:9

The Mishnah Yomi for Tuesday, October 21, 2036 is Avodah Zarah 3:8 - 3:9

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Mishnah 1

Mishnayos Avodah Zarah Perek 3 Mishnah 8

ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื” ืคืจืง ื’ืณ ืžืฉื ื” ื—ืณ

8
With regard to an ashera, one may not sit in its shade, but if one sat in its shade he remains ritually pure. And one may not pass beneath it, and if one passed beneath it he is ritually impure. If the tree was robbing the public, i.e., if its branches extended over public property, and one passed beneath it, he remains pure. One may plant vegetables underneath an ashera during the rainy season, as the vegetables do not benefit from its shade; on the contrary, the treeโ€™s foliage prevents the vegetables from being properly irrigated by the rain. But one may not plant vegetables under an ashera during the summer, as the shade benefits them. And lettuce may not be planted there at all, neither in the summer nor in the rainy season, because shade is always beneficial to lettuce. Rabbi Yosei says: One may not plant vegetables under an ashera even during the rainy season, because the treeโ€™s foliage [shehaneviyya] falls upon them and serves as fertilizer for them.
ืœึนื ื™ึตืฉืึตื‘ ื‘ึผึฐืฆึดืœึผึธื”ึผ. ื•ึฐืึดื ื™ึธืฉืึทื‘, ื˜ึธื”ื•ึนืจ. ื•ึฐืœึนื ื™ึทืขึฒื‘ึนืจ ืชึผึทื—ึฐืชึผึถื™ื”ึธ. ื•ึฐืึดื ืขึธื‘ึทืจ, ื˜ึธืžึตื. ื”ึธื™ึฐืชึธื” ื’ื•ึนื–ึถืœึถืช ืึถืช ื”ึธืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ื, ื•ึฐืขึธื‘ึทืจ ืชึผึทื—ึฐืชึผึถื™ื”ึธ, ื˜ึธื”ื•ึนืจ. ื•ึฐื–ื•ึนืจึฐืขึดื™ืŸ ืชึผึทื—ึฐืชึผึถื™ื”ึธ ื™ึฐืจึธืงื•ึนืช ื‘ึผึดื™ืžื•ึนืช ื”ึทื’ึผึฐืฉืึธืžึดื™ื ืึฒื‘ึธืœ ืœึนื ื‘ึดื™ืžื•ึนืช ื”ึทื—ึทืžึผึธื”. ื•ึฐื”ึทื—ึฒื–ึธืจึดื™ืŸ, ืœึนื ื‘ึดื™ืžื•ึนืช ื”ึทื—ึทืžึผึธื” ื•ึฐืœึนื ื‘ึดื™ืžื•ึนืช ื”ึทื’ึผึฐืฉืึธืžึดื™ื. ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ื•ึนืกึตื™ ืื•ึนืžึตืจ, ืึทืฃ ืœึนื ื™ึฐืจึธืงื•ึนืช ื‘ึผึดื™ืžื•ึนืช ื”ึทื’ึผึฐืฉืึธืžึดื™ื, ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ืฉืึถื”ึทื ึผึฐืžึดื™ึผึธื” ื ื•ึนืฉืึถืจึถืช ืขึฒืœึตื™ื”ึถืŸ ื•ึฐื”ึนื•ึธื” ืœึธื”ึถืŸ ืœึฐื–ึธื‘ึถืœ:
ื—ืณ
Bartenura

ืœื ื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ืฆืœื” โ€“ this shade is not under the bough of the Asherah tree as stated, for one is not able to teach further, and if he sat, he is ritually pure, for that which is taught at the final section, that if passed [underneath it], he is ritually impure. But rather from the tree and further, for when the sun is in the east or in the west, there is a long shade for all things.

ืœื ื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืชื—ืชื™ื• โ€“ underneath the bough from the tree, for the tree forms a cover/tent [of Levitical uncleanness arising from being under the same shelter with it] and if he passed [underneath it], he is ritually impure.

ื”ื™ืชื” ื’ื•ื–ืœืช ืืช ื”ืจื‘ื™ื โ€“ that its bough inclines to the public domain.

ื˜ื”ื•ืจ โ€“ it is Rabbinical defilement and where it โ€œstealsโ€/encroaches upon the public [domain], the Rabbis did not make a decree.

ื™ืจืงื•ืช ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื โ€“ for the tree is difficult for them as it prevents the sun from coming out.

ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื” โ€“ for the shade is pleasant for them.

ื•ื”ื—ื–ืจื™ืŸ โ€“ lettuce and in Arabic, โ€œhassa.โ€

ืœื ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื” [ื•ืœื ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื] โ€“ for the shade is always pleasant for them.

ื•ื”ื ืžื™ื™ื” โ€“leaves that fall from the tree in the rainy season and in the Gemara (Talmud Avodah Zarah 49a), raises the objection to that which we learn according to Rabbi Yosi who states that the combined causes is permitted (who is discussing the subject of planting vegetables in the winter, according to the Mishnah). Earlier in our chapter (see Tractate Avodah Zarah, Chapter 3, Mishnah 3), regarding crumbling them [the idolatrous figures] and casting them into the wind (see also Tractate Pesahim, Chapter 2, Mishnah 1 for the use of the same phrase regarding the destruction of leavened products) and even though they are made into manure, for where the permission and the prohibition of both of them cause them to bring the matter, such as the case as the land of permission, and the manure of idolatry which is prohibited, cause the growing of vegetables, Rabbi Yosi holds that it is permitted. And where he prohibited vegetables, here it is because the foliage falls upon them, and Rabbi Yosi responds here to the words of the Rabbis stating that according to them when they state that the combined causes are prohibited, they should have prohibited the vegetables because of the foliage that falls upon them and it is for them like manure. But the Rabbis hold that this is different here, for the tree of idolatry does not affect the vegetables at all, for as the foliage is beneficial to them, the shade is harmful for them. But the Halakha is according to Rabbi Yosi, that the product of combined sources is permissible.

ืœื ื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ืฆืœื”. ื”ืื™ ืฆืœ ืœืื• ืชื—ืช ื ื•ืฃ ื”ืืฉืจื” ืงืืžืจ, ื“ืœื ื”ื•ื™ ืžืฆื™ ืœืžืชื ื™ ืชื• ื•ืื ื™ืฉื‘ ื˜ื”ื•ืจ, ื“ื”ื ืงืชื ื™ ืกื™ืคื ื“ืื ืขื‘ืจ ื˜ืžื. ืืœื ืžืŸ ื”ืื™ืœืŸ ื•ื”ืœืื”, ื“ื›ืฉื”ื—ืžื” ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ืื• ื‘ืžืขืจื‘ ื™ืฉ ืœื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฆืœ ืืจื•ืš:

ืœื ื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืชื—ืชื™ื”. ืชื—ืช ื”ื ื•ืฃ ืžื”ืื™ืœืŸ, ืฉื”ืื™ืœืŸ ืžืื”ื™ืœ ืขืœื™ื•. ื•ืื ืขื‘ืจ ื˜ืžื:

ื”ื™ืชื” ื’ื•ื–ืœืช ืืช ื”ืจื‘ื™ื. ืฉื ื•ืคื” ื ื•ื˜ื” ืœืจื”ืดืจ:

ื˜ื”ื•ืจ. ื“ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื”ื™ื, ื•ื”ื™ื›ื ื“ื’ื•ื–ืœืช ื”ืจื‘ื™ื ืœื ื’ื–ืจื• ืจื‘ื ืŸ:

ื™ืจืงื•ืช ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื. ืฉื”ืื™ืœืŸ ืงืฉื” ืœื”ื ืฉืžื•ื ืข ื”ื—ืžื” ืžืœื‘ื•ื:

ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื”. ืฉื”ืฆืœ ื™ืคื” ืœื”ื:

ื•ื”ื—ื–ืจื™ืŸ. ื—ื–ืจืช. ื•ื‘ืขืจื‘ื™ ื—ืกืดื:

ืœื ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื” ื•ืœื ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื. ืฉื”ืฆืœ ื™ืคื” ืœื”ื ืœืขื•ืœื:

ืฉื”ื ืžื™ื”. ืขืœื™ืŸ ื”ื ื•ืฉืจื™ืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ืื™ืœืŸ ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื. ื•ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืคืจื™ืš, ื“ื”ื ืฉืžืขื™ื ืŸ ืœื™ื” ืœืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกื™ ื“ืืžืจ ื–ื” ื•ื–ื” ื’ื•ืจื ืžื•ืชืจ, ืœืขื™ืœ ื‘ืคืจืงื™ืŸ ื’ื‘ื™ ืžืคืจืจ ื•ื–ื•ืจื” ืœืจื•ื— ื•ืืขืดืค ืฉื ืขืฉื” ื–ื‘ืœ, ื“ื”ื™ื›ื ืฉื”ื”ื™ืชืจ ื•ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืฉื ื™ื”ื ื’ื•ืจืžื™ืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืงืจืงืข ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื•ื”ื–ื‘ืœ ืฉืœ ืขืดื– ืฉืœ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ืŸ ืœืฆืžื™ื—ืช ื”ื™ืจืงื•ืช, ืกื‘ื™ืจื ืœื™ื” ืœืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ืชืจ, ื•ื”ื™ื›ื™ ืงืืกืจ ื”ื™ืจืงื•ืช ื”ื›ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื ืžื™ื™ื” ื ื•ืฉืจืช ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ. ื•ืžืฉื ื™, ืฉืจืณ ื™ื•ืกื™ ื”ื›ื ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ืŸ ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื ืŸ ืงืืžืจ, ืœื“ื™ื“ื›ื• ื“ืืžืจื™ืชื• ื–ื” ื•ื–ื” ื’ื•ืจื ืืกื•ืจ, ื”ื™ื” ืœื›ื ืœืืกื•ืจ ื”ื™ืจืงื•ืช ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื ืžื™ื™ื” ื ื•ืฉืจืช ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ื•ื” ืœื”ื ืœื–ื‘ืœ. ื•ืจื‘ื ืŸ ืกื‘ืจื™, ืฉืื ื™ ื”ื›ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืื™ืœืŸ ืฉืœ ืขืดื– ืžื•ืขื™ืœ ืœื™ืจืงื•ืช ื›ืœื•ื, ืฉืžื” ืฉืžืฉื‘ื™ื— ืœื”ื ื‘ื ืžื™ื™ื”, ืคื•ื’ื ืœื”ื ื‘ืฆืœ. ื•ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกื™ ื“ื–ื” ื•ื–ื” ื’ื•ืจื ืžื•ืชืจ:

Mishnah 2

Mishnayos Avodah Zarah Perek 3 Mishnah 9

ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื” ืคืจืง ื’ืณ ืžืฉื ื” ื˜ืณ

9
If one took wood from an ashera, it is prohibited to derive benefit from it. In a case where one kindled a fire in an oven with the wood, if it is a new oven and by kindling the fire he hardened the oven and made it stronger for use in the future, then the oven must be shattered. Since forbidden items were used in the process of forming the oven, one may not derive benefit from the use of the forbidden items. But if it is an old oven it may be cooled; it is prohibited to use the oven only while it is still hot. If one baked bread with wood from the ashera as the fuel, it is prohibited to derive benefit from the bread. If this bread was intermingled with other bread, it is prohibited to derive benefit from all the bread. Rabbi Eliezer says: One must take the benefit and cast it into the Dead Sea. In other words, one is not required to destroy all of the loaves. Instead, one should designate money equal in value to the wood that he used from the ashera, and he should destroy this money to offset the benefit he derived from the forbidden wood. The Rabbis said to him: There is no monetary redemption for objects that are forbidden due to idol worship. Once the bread becomes forbidden, it cannot be redeemed by having the value of the forbidden wood cast into the Dead Sea. If one took wood from an ashera for use as a weaving shuttle [karkor], it is prohibited to derive benefit from it. If one wove a garment with it, it is prohibited to derive benefit from the garment. If the garment was intermingled with other garments, and those other garments were intermingled with others, it is prohibited to derive benefit from all of them. Rabbi Eliezer says: One must take the benefit and cast it into the Dead Sea. The Rabbis said to him: There is no monetary redemption for objects that are forbidden due to idol worship.
ื ึธื˜ึทืœ ืžึดืžึผึถื ึผึธื” ืขึตืฆึดื™ื, ืึฒืกื•ึผืจึดื™ื ื‘ึผึทื”ึฒื ึธืึธื”. ื”ึดืกึผึดื™ืง ื‘ึผึธื”ึถืŸ ืึถืช ื”ึทืชึผึทื ึผื•ึผืจ, ืึดื ื—ึธื“ึธืฉื, ื™ึปืชึผึทืฅ. ื•ึฐืึดื ื™ึธืฉืึธืŸ, ื™ึปืฆึผึทืŸ. ืึธืคึธื” ื‘ื•ึน ืึถืช ื”ึทืคึผึทืช, ืึฒืกื•ึผืจึธื” ื‘ึทื”ึฒื ึธืึธื”. ื ึดืชึฐืขึธืจึฐื‘ึธื” ื‘ึทืึฒื—ึตืจื•ึนืช, ื›ึผึปืœึผึธืŸ ืึฒืกื•ึผืจื•ึนืช ื‘ึผึทื”ึฒื ึธืึธื”. ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืึฑืœึดื™ืขึถื–ึถืจ ืื•ึนืžึตืจ, ื™ื•ึนืœึดื™ืšึฐ ื”ึฒื ึธืึธื” ืœึฐื™ึธื ื”ึทืžึผึถืœึทื—. ืึธืžึฐืจื•ึผ ืœื•ึน, ืึตื™ืŸ ืคึผึดื“ึฐื™ื•ึนืŸ ืœึทืขึฒื‘ื•ึนื“ึธื” ื–ึธืจึธื”. ื ึธื˜ึทืœ ื”ึตื™ืžึถื ึผึธื” ื›ึทืจึฐื›ึผึนืจ, ืึธืกื•ึผืจ ื‘ึผึทื”ึฒื ึธืึธื”. ืึธืจึทื’ ื‘ึผื•ึน ืึถืช ื”ึทื‘ึผึถื’ึถื“, ื”ึทื‘ึผึถื’ึถื“ ืึธืกื•ึผืจ ื‘ึผึทื”ึฒื ึธืึธื”. ื ึดืชึฐืขึธืจึตื‘ ื‘ึผึทืึฒื—ึตืจึดื™ื ื•ึทืึฒื—ึตืจึดื™ื ื‘ึผึทืึฒื—ึตืจึดื™ื, ื›ึผึปืœึผึธืŸ ืึฒืกื•ึผืจึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึทื”ึฒื ึธืึธื”. ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืึฑืœึดื™ืขึถื–ึถืจ ืื•ึนืžึตืจ, ื™ื•ึนืœึดื™ืšึฐ ื”ึฒื ึธืึธื” ืœึฐื™ึธื ื”ึทืžึผึถืœึทื—. ืึธืžึฐืจื•ึผ ืœื•ึน, ืึตื™ืŸ ืคึผึดื“ึฐื™ื•ึนืŸ ืœึทืขึฒื‘ื•ึนื“ึธื” ื–ึธืจึธื”:
ื˜ืณ
Bartenura

ื ื˜ืœ ื”ื™ืžื ื” โ€“ from the Asherah.

ื—ื“ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืฅ โ€“ for the first making of the flame when they kindle the oven glazes it and strengthens it and it is improved through prohibited forms of benefit, but our Mishnah comes according to the one states that combined causes are prohibited, and this is not the Halakha. Therefore, whether it is new or old, it must be cooled down.

ื”ืคืช ืืกื•ืจื” โ€“ in the Gemara it states (Tractate Avodah Zarah 49b) that a torch is opposite him, for all the while that the bread is baking, he would kindle the torch at the mouth of the oven and bake it, for he would benefit from the prohibition a the time when the prohibition is clearly visible and there is and there is improvement to the wood with the bread.

ื™ื•ืœื™ืš ื”ื ืื” ืœื™ื ื”ืžืœื— โ€“ the cost of the loaf that was combined.

ื›ืจื›ื•ืจ โ€“ there is for weavers a piece of wood made in the form of a needle of sack-makers and they pass it over the warp/longitudinal direction when it is stretched before them in the weaving. And our Mishnah teaches us the dispute between Rabbi Eliezer and the Rabbis in these two things, for had it taught only the first one, I might state that in this [only], Rabbi Eliezer stated it because at the time when the bread is completed, the prohibition is disregarded, but a whorl [of a spindle] which has a prohibition of its own, I would state that he agrees with the Rabbis. But had he only stated the other one, it would have been this one alone that the Rabbis stated, but in the first, I would say that they agree with Rabbi Eliezer. Therefore, it is necessary to teach both. And the Halakha is according to Rabbi Eliezer, even with a jug of wine known or suspected to have been manipulated by an idolater, that became combined with jugs of permitted wine โ€“ they bring the costs of that jug to the Dead Sea and the remainder are permitted to derive benefit from it.

ื ื˜ืœ ืžืžื ื”. ืžืŸ ื”ืืฉืจื”:

ื—ื“ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืฅ. ืฉื”ื”ื™ืกืง ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืžืกื™ืงื™ืŸ ื”ืชื ื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืžื—ืžืžื• ื•ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื•, ื•ื”ืจื™ ื ืชืงืŸ ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ื”ื ืื”. ื•ื”ื ืžืชื ื™ืชื™ืŸ ืืชื™ ืืœื™ื‘ื ื“ืžืืŸ ื“ืืžืจ ื–ื” ื•ื–ื” ื’ื•ืจื ืืกื•ืจ. ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ืœื›ื”. ื”ืœื›ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืŸ ื™ื•ืฆืŸ, ืฉืœื ื™ืืคื• ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืคืช ื‘ื”ื™ืกืง ื–ื” ืขื“ ืฉื™ืฆื˜ื ืŸ ื”ืชื ื•ืจ, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื ื” ืžืขืฆื™ ืื™ืกื•ืจ:

ื”ืคืช ืืกื•ืจื”. ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืงืืžืจ, ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉืื‘ื•ืงื” ื›ื ื’ื“ื•, ืฉื›ืœ ืฉืขื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืคืช ื ืืคื” ื”ื™ื” ื“ื•ืœืง ื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ืคื™ ื”ืชื ื•ืจ ื•ืื•ืคื”ื•, ืฉื”ื™ื” ื ื”ื ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืขื™ืŸ ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉื‘ื— ืขืฆื™ื ื‘ืคืช:

ื™ื•ืœื™ืš ื”ื ืื” ืœื™ื ื”ืžืœื—. ื“ืžื™ ื›ื›ืจ ืฉื ืชืขืจื‘:

ื›ืจื›ื•ืจ. ื™ืฉ ืœืื•ืจื’ื™ื ืขืฅ ืขืฉื•ื™ ื›ืžื™ืŸ ืžื—ื˜ ืฉืœ ืกืงืื™ืŸ, ื•ืžืขื‘ื™ืจื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ืขืœ ื”ืฉืชื™ ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืชื•ื— ืœืคื ื™ื”ื ื‘ืืจื™ื’ื”. ื•ืืฉืžืขื™ื ืŸ ืžืชื ื™ืชื™ืŸ ืคืœื•ื’ืชื ื“ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื•ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ืš ืชืจืชื™, ื“ืื™ ืืฉืžื•ืขื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืงืžื™ื™ืชื, ื”ื•ื” ืืžื™ื ื ื‘ื”ืš ืงืืžื™ ืจืณ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืขื™ื“ื ื ื“ืงื ื’ืžืจื” ืคืช ืืงืœื™ ืœื™ื” ืื™ืกื•ืจื, ืื‘ืœ ื›ืจื›ื•ืจ ื“ืื™ืชื ืœืื™ืกื•ืจื ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื”. ืื™ืžื ืžื•ื“ื” ืœื”ื• ืœืจื‘ื ืŸ. ื•ืื™ ืื™ืชืžืจ ื‘ื”ืื™ืš, ื‘ื”ื ืงืืžืจื™ ืจื‘ื ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืงืžื™ื™ืชื ืื™ืžื ืžื•ื“ื• ืœื™ื” ืœืจืณ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ, ืฆืจื™ื›ื. ื•ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืจืณ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื—ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืกืš ืฉื ืชืขืจื‘ื” ื‘ื—ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืžื•ืœื™ืš ื“ืžื™ ืื•ืชื” ื—ื‘ื™ืช ืœื™ื ื”ืžืœื—, ื•ื”ืฉืืจ ื›ื•ืœืŸ ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช ื‘ื”ื ืื”:

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