Parah 5:1 - 5:2

המביא כלי חרס לחטאת – that he goes near the potter to buy from him an earthenware vessel to place in it the ashes of the sin-offering or the water of the sin-offering/lustration.

טובל ולן על הכבשן – he begins to guard them in purity so that someone who doesn’t observe certain religious customs regarding tithes and Levitical cleanness (i.e., עם הארץ) wouldn’t touch them prior to their smelting them in a kiln/furnace, which is the conclusion of their labor to be susceptible to receive defilement.

ר' יהודה אומר אף מן הבית הוא מביא וכשר – we believe an person who doesn’t observe certain religious customs regarding tithes and Levitical cleanness if he says that he guarded it on the purity of a sin-offering, as we stated in the Chapter “A More Stringent Rule Applies to Holy Things”/"חומר בקודש" (Tractate Hagigah 22a), that people who don’t observe certain religious customs regarding tithes and Levitical uncleanness (עמי הארץ) are believed on the ritual purity of wine for libations and oil for meal-offerings, so that each and every person would not build a platform for himself and burn the Red Cow/Heifer for himself. And the Halakha is according to Rabbi Yehuda.

ובתרומה – if he brings an earthenware vessel to place heave-offering in it.

פותח את הכבשן וטוטל – even though the its smelting was completed but not their guarding, that since [the oven] was not yet opened and is filled with dust on top of it, we are not concerned that perhaps a person who doesn’t observe certain religious customs regarding tithes and Levitical uncleanness touched it, for they were not stringent regarding heave-offering.

Rabbi Shimon states: “From the second row”/מן הסדר השני. If a person who doesn’t observe certain religious customs regarding tithes and Levitical uncleanness/עם הארץ open the kiln and took vessels from it, he doesn’t take from the first row, for the hand of all handles them, but from the second row which is underneath the first row, he is permitted. But Rabbi Yossi is stringent and forbade even from the second row. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Shimon nor according to Rabbi Yossi, but even though he found the kiln/furnace open, everything is in the presumption of ritual purity, and he can take even from the first row.

המטביל כלי לחטאת (a person who immerses a vessel for a purification rite) – a vessel which requires only rinsing in order to be restored to Levitical cleanness that he immersed it in order to fill it with water and to mix them with ashes, if he filled it with water that is not appropriate for mixing, as for example, the water of a Mikveh that are not potable, running spring water.

צריך לנגב – [he needs to wipe off] the vessel, for perhaps that which was appropriate would be mixed with that which is inappropriate. But if he immersed it in potable, running spring water waters, they are appropriate for mixing, one doesn’t need to dry it off.

ואם לאסוף לתוכו מים מקודשים – but if he immersed it in order to bring into water that he had already placed in it the ashes, even if he had immersed it in potable, running spring water, he needs to dry it, so that water that is not mixed becomes combined with water that is mixed, and it is taught in the Mishnah further on (Chapter 9, Mishnah 1 of Tractate Negaim) a flask of lustration that invalid water fell into it.