Parah 6:4 - 6:5

נתן ידו או רגלו [under running water] – behold that the spouting forth/continuous flow descends rapidly from the curve, but it doesn’t descend into the jar when he wants to fill it for mixing [with the ashes], but if he placed his hands above at the tope of the mountain to make it like a kind of spout/duct in order that the waters would pass through his hand to the jar of mixing of waters and ashes. And similarly, the vegetable greens which are appropriate for eating and are susceptible to receiving ritual defilement.

פסולים – the waters [are invalid]. As we derived in the second chapter of [Tractate] Zevakhim (folio 25b) from what is written (Leviticus 11:36): “[However, a spring or cistern] in which water is collected shall be pure, [but whoever touches such a carcass in it shall be impure],” they will be through purity (i.e., in their original status), and even though that this Scriptural verse is written concerning a Mikveh/ritual bath, we derive from it all the possibilities. And this is the implication of the Scriptural verse, that will be with all the waters that purify, that through purity it will be, whether one brings them to become a Mikveh or the filling of water that will be through something that is not susceptible to receive ritual defilement.

המפנה את המעין לתוך הגת (he diverts/empties the spring into the wine vat) – that he made a trench from the spring until the wine vat in order that the he could divert there the waters of the spring, and afterwards stop them.

גת – a cistern that they make in front of the wine vat to receive the wine which is called a גת/marked off space for serving as a wine vat.

גבים (cavity for collecting water, cistern) – it is the language of “This wadi shall be full of pools,” that is stated in the [Second] Book of Kings [Chapter 3, Verse 16]. And it is a pool/diluvium of water.

פסולים- for those with gonorrhea for ritual immersion, for they are not fresh water.

ולמצורעים – that we require fresh water to sprinkle upon him with the blood of the bird.

ולקדש מי חטאת – that we require fresh water, and these since they have been stopped up are not fresh water. And that which is taught in the Mishnah because they were not filled up by means of a utensil, in order to invalidate them for mixing in every matter even if he came to mix within the vat or within the pools of water themselves.