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Today's Mishnah Yomi

Eruchin 9:7 - 9:8

The Mishnah Yomi for Friday, October 24, 2031 is Eruchin 9:7 - 9:8

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Mishnah 1

Mishnayos Eruchin Perek 9 Mishnah 7

ืขืจื›ื™ืŸ ืคืจืง ื˜ืณ ืžืฉื ื” ื–ืณ

7
With regard to the houses of the unwalled courtyards mentioned in the Torah (see Leviticus 25:31), i.e., houses in villages that are not surrounded by walls, one accords them the exceptional provisions that apply to houses of walled cities and the exceptional provisions that apply to fields. Therefore, they are redeemed immediately and for the entire twelve months following the sale, like in the sale of houses of walled cities, and not like fields, which may be redeemed only after two years. And they leave the possession of the buyer during the Jubilee Year or with a per annum deduction from the money of the sale price, like the sale of fields. By contrast, houses of walled cities become the possession of the buyer in perpetuity after one year, and if they are redeemed within the year, one pays the full sale price. And these are the houses of the unwalled courtyards whose halakha was taught in the previous mishna: Any city in which there are two courtyards each containing two houses, although it is surrounded by a wall from the era of Joshua, son of Nun, their halakhic status is like that of the houses of the unwalled courtyards.
ื‘ึผึธืชึผึตื™ ื”ึทื—ึฒืฆึตืจึดื™ื, ื ื•ึนืชึฐื ึดื™ื ืœึธื”ึถื ื›ึผึนื—ึท ื”ึทื™ึผึธืคึถื” ืฉืึถื‘ึผึฐื‘ึธืชึผึตื™ ืขึธืจึตื™ ื—ื•ึนืžึธื” ื•ึฐื›ึนื—ึท ื”ึทื™ึผึธืคึถื” ืฉืึถื‘ึผึทืฉึผื‚ึธื“ื•ึนืช. ื ึดื’ึฐืึธืœึดื™ืŸ ืžึดื™ึผึธื“, ื•ึฐื ึดื’ึฐืึธืœึดื™ืŸ ื›ึผึธืœ ืฉืึฐื ึตื™ื ืขึธืฉื‚ึธืจ ื—ึนื“ึถืฉื ื›ึผึทื‘ึผึธืชึผึดื™ื, ื•ึฐื™ื•ึนืฆึฐืึดื™ื ื‘ึผึทื™ึผื•ึนื‘ึตืœ ื•ึผื‘ึฐื’ึดืจึฐืขื•ึนืŸ ื›ึผึถืกึถืฃ ื›ึผึทืฉึผื‚ึธื“ื•ึนืช. ื•ึฐืึตืœึผื•ึผ ื”ึตืŸ ื‘ึผึธืชึผึตื™ ื—ึฒืฆึตืจึดื™ื, ืฉืึฐืชึผึตื™ ื—ึฒืฆึตืจื•ึนืช ืฉืึถืœ ืฉืึฐื ึตื™ ืฉืึฐื ึตื™ ื‘ึธืชึผึดื™ื, ืึทืฃ ืขึทืœ ืคึผึดื™ ืฉืึถืžึผึปืงึผึธืคึดื™ืŸ ื—ื•ึนืžึธื” ืžึดื™ืžื•ึนืช ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ื‘ึผึดืŸ ื ื•ึผืŸ, ื”ึฒืจึตื™ ืึตืœึผื•ึผ ื›ึฐื‘ึธืชึผึตื™ ื—ึฒืฆึตืจึดื™ื:
ื–ืณ
Bartenura

ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ืฆืจื™ื โ€“ that these villages lack a wall.

ื›ื— ื™ืคื” (strong legal right, privilege) โ€“ as it is explained,

and they are redeemed immediately, that it is not necessary to delay him for two years in the hand of the purchaser like that of fields, as it is written concerning them (Leviticus 25:31): โ€œthey may be redeemed/ื’ืืœื” ืชื”ื™ื” ืœื• [and they shall be released through the jubilee],โ€ implying that he may redeem it immediately (see Tractate Arakhin, Chapter 9, Mishnah 3) if he wants and that is like dwelling houses in a walled city.

ื•ื‘ื’ืจืขื•ืŸ ื›ืกืฃ (see Tractate Arakhin, Chapter 9, Mishnah 1) โ€“ [at a reduced price] โ€“ that the purchaser deducts for him according to the years that they remained in his hand, like fields. For regarding the houses in villages/ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ืฆืจื™ื , it is written (Leviticus 25:31): โ€œthey shall be classed as open countryโ€/ืขืœ ืฉื“ื” ื”ืืจืฅ ื™ื—ืฉื‘ โ€“ that they go forth [by payment] of a reduced price like fields.

ืฉืชื™ ื—ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืชื™ื โ€“ a city which doesnโ€™t have in it other than two courtyards, even though it is surround by a wall from the time of Joshua, are regarded as houses in villages.

ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ืฆืจื™ื. ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืœืขื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื—ื•ืžื”:

ื›ื— ื™ืคื”. ื›ื“ืžืคืจืฉ:

ื•ื ื’ืืœื™ื ืžื™ื“. ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉื”ื•ืชื• ืฉืชื™ ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ ื”ืœื•ืงื— ื›ืฉื“ื•ืช. ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ื”ื• ื’ืื•ืœื” ืชื”ื™ื” ืœื•, ื“ืžืฉืžืข ืžื™ื“ ื™ื’ืืœื ื• ืื ื™ืจืฆื” ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื›ื‘ืชื™ื ืฉืœ ืขืจื™ ื—ื•ืžื”:

ื•ื‘ื’ืจืขื•ืŸ ื›ืกืฃ. ืฉืžื ื›ื” ืœื• ื”ืœื•ืงื— ืœืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืฉื”ื• ื‘ื™ื“ื•, ื›ืฉื“ื•ืช. ื“ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ืฆืจื™ื ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืขืœ ืฉื“ื” ื”ืืจืฅ ื™ื—ืฉื‘, ืฉื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ื‘ื’ืจืขื•ืŸ ื›ืกืฃ ื›ืฉื“ื•ืช:

ืฉืชื™ ื—ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืชื™ื. ืขื™ืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื” ืืœื ืฉืชื™ ื—ืฆืจื•ืช ืืขืดืค ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื•ืงืคืช ื—ื•ืžื” ืžื™ืžื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข, ื ื—ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ืฆืจื™ื:

Mishnah 2

Mishnayos Eruchin Perek 9 Mishnah 8

ืขืจื›ื™ืŸ ืคืจืง ื˜ืณ ืžืฉื ื” ื—ืณ

8
An Israelite who inherited a house in a walled city from his motherโ€™s father who was a Levite does not redeem the house in accordance with this procedure delineated in the previous mishnayot; rather, if he sold the inherited house, he may redeem it always, like a Levite. And likewise, a Levite who inherited a house in a walled city from his motherโ€™s father who was an Israelite does not redeem the house in accordance with this procedure delineated in the previous mishnayot. The mishna provides the source for these halakhot: As it is stated: โ€œAnd if a man purchases from the Levites, the house that was sold in the city of his possession shall go out during the Jubilee Year; as the houses of the cities of the Levites are their possession among the children of Israelโ€ (Leviticus 25:33). The verse indicates that the ability to always redeem the house of a Levite does not apply unless the one selling the house will be a Levite and the house is located in the cities of the Levites. This is the statement of Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi. And the Rabbis say: These matters are stated only with regard to a house in the cities of the Levites, even if the owner was not a Levite. The Levites received two thousand cubits surrounding their cities, one thousand cubits of empty lots and one thousand cubits for fields and vineyards. One may neither render a field an empty lot nor an empty lot a field. Similarly, one may neither incorporate an empty lot into a city nor render part of a city an empty lot. Rabbi Elazar said: In what case is this statement said? It applies in the cities of the Levites. But in the cities of the Israelites one may render a field an empty lot but not an empty lot a field, and one may incorporate an empty lot into a city but not render part of a city an empty lot, in order to ensure that they will not thereby destroy the cities of Israel. The priests and the Levites may sell their fields and houses always and may redeem them always, as it is stated: โ€œThe Levites shall have a perpetual right of redemptionโ€ (Leviticus 25:32). Priests are also members of the tribe of Levi.
ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืฉืึถื™ึผึธืจึทืฉื ืึฒื‘ึดื™ ืึดืžึผื•ึน ืœึตื•ึดื™, ืึตื™ื ื•ึน ื’ื•ึนืึตืœ ื›ึผึทืกึผึตื“ึถืจ ื”ึทื–ึผึถื”. ื•ึฐื›ึตืŸ ืœึตื•ึดื™ ืฉืึถื™ึผึธืจึทืฉื ืึถืช ืึฒื‘ึดื™ ืึดืžึผื•ึน ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ, ืึตื™ื ื•ึน ื’ื•ึนืึตืœ ื›ึผึทืกึผึตื“ึถืจ ื”ึทื–ึผึถื”, ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืžึทืจ (ื•ื™ืงืจื ื›ื”), ื›ึผึดื™ ื‘ึธืชึผึตื™ ืขึธืจึตื™ ื”ึทืœึฐื•ึดื™ึผึดื, ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถื™ึฐื”ึตื ืœึตื•ึดื™ ื•ึผื‘ึฐืขึธืจึตื™ ื”ึทืœึฐื•ึดื™ึผึดื, ื“ึผึดื‘ึฐืจึตื™ ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™. ื•ึทื—ึฒื›ึธืžึดื™ื ืื•ึนืžึฐืจึดื™ื, ืึตื™ืŸ ื”ึทื“ึผึฐื‘ึธืจึดื™ื ืึฒืžื•ึผืจึดื™ื ืึถืœึผึธื ื‘ึฐืขึธืจึตื™ ื”ึทืœึฐื•ึดื™ึผึดื. ืึตื™ืŸ ืขื•ึนืฉื‚ึดื™ื ืฉื‚ึธื“ึถื” ืžึดื’ึฐืจึธืฉื ื•ึฐืœึนื ืžึดื’ึฐืจึธืฉื ืฉื‚ึธื“ึถื”, ื•ึฐืœึนื ืžึดื’ึฐืจึธืฉื ืขึดื™ืจ ื•ึฐืœึนื ืขึดื™ืจ ืžึดื’ึฐืจึธืฉื. ืึธืžึทืจ ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืึฑืœึดื™ืขึถื–ึถืจ, ื‘ึผึทืžึผึถื” ื“ึฐื‘ึธืจึดื™ื ืึฒืžื•ึผืจึดื™ื. ื‘ึผึฐืขึธืจึตื™ ื”ึทืœึฐื•ึดื™ึผึดื. ืึฒื‘ึธืœ ื‘ึผึฐืขึธืจึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ, ืขื•ึนืฉื‚ึดื™ืŸ ืฉื‚ึธื“ึถื” ืžึดื’ึฐืจึธืฉื ื•ึฐืœึนื ืžึดื’ึฐืจึธืฉื ืฉื‚ึธื“ึถื”, ืžึดื’ึฐืจึธืฉื ืขึดื™ืจ ื•ึฐืœึนื ืขึดื™ืจ ืžึดื’ึฐืจึธืฉื, ื›ึผึฐื“ึตื™ ืฉืึถืœึผึนื ื™ึทื—ึฒืจึดื™ื‘ื•ึผ ืึถืช ืขึธืจึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ. ื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื ื•ึฐื”ึทืœึฐื•ึดื™ึผึดื ืžื•ึนื›ึฐืจึดื™ื ืœึฐืขื•ึนืœึธื ื•ึฐื’ื•ึนืึฒืœึดื™ื ืœึฐืขื•ึนืœึธื, ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืžึทืจ (ืฉื), ื’ึผึฐืึปืœึผึทืช ืขื•ึนืœึธื ืชึผึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืœึทืœึฐื•ึดื™ึผึดื:
ื—ืณ
Bartenura

ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื™ืจืฉ โ€“ dwelling houses in a walled city from his motherโ€™s father who is a Levite.

ืื™ื ื• ื’ื•ืืœ ื›ืกื“ืจ ื”ื–ื” โ€“ in the Gemara (Tractate Arakhin 33b) they said that it teaches that he does not redeem other than according to this procedure. But this is what he said: he does not redeem like Levites, as it is written concerning them (Leviticus 25:32): โ€œthe Levites shall forever have the right of redemption,โ€ but rather like this procedure that is stated regarding an Israelite that it will be permanently sold at the end of a year.

ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื•ื™ ืฉื™ืจืฉ ืืช ืื‘ื™ ืืžื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ โ€“ even he (i.e., this Levite) does not redeem [the property] like a Levite, but rather like this procedure that is stated regarding an Israelite. For he can never redeem like a Levite until he will be a Levite and in a Levitical city. For two Biblical verses are written: It is written (Leviticus 25:33): โ€œfor the houses in the cities of the Levities are their holding [among the Israelites],โ€ and it is written (Leviticus 25:33): โ€œSuch property as may be redeemed from the Levites,โ€ which implies that for some of the Levities I have given permission to redeem, but not to all of them, excluding the son of Levite who comes from a mother who is illegitimately married to him (i.e., a bastard) or from a female descendant of the Gibeonites (see Joshua 9:27 as well as Tractate Yevamot, Chapter 8 at the conclusion Mishnah 3), and all the more so an Israelite who inherited his motherโ€™s father, a Levite, for he (i.e., the grandson) is a complete Israelite and does not ever redeem [like a Levite].

ืื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืžื•ืจื™ื (these rules have been stated only) โ€“ these things/rules are stated regarding redemption at any time other than concerning Levitical cities. But until he will be a [full] Levite, we donโ€™t require this. And the Halakha is according to the Sages.

ืžื’ืจืฉ โ€“ a place empty of anything, and there is no house in it nor do they sow [seeds] other than being a beauty/embellishment of the town [which requires open space all around] (see Rashi to Bava Batra 24b).

ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืฉื™ืŸ ืฉื“ื” ืžื’ืจืฉ โ€“ as it is written (Leviticus 25:34): โ€œBut the unenclosed land about their cities cannot be sold [for that is their holding for all time],โ€ What do [the words] "ืœื ื™ืžื›ืจ"/cannot be sold mean? If you were to say that it cannot be sold at all, but [it is written] (Leviticus 25:32): โ€œthe Levites shall forever have the right of redemption,โ€ it follows that it can [in fact] be sold, but what [is the meaning of] (Leviticus 25:34): โ€œ[But the enclosed land about their cities] cannot be sold/ืœื ื™ืžื›ืจ ?โ€ It shall not be changed.

ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื—ืจื™ื‘ื• โ€“ the settlement of the land.

ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื (see Tractate Arakhin, Chapter 9, Mishnah 1) โ€“ and not like an Israelite who is not able to sell less than two years prior to the Jubilee [year] as it is written concerning them (Leviticus 25:15): โ€œand in selling to you, he shall charge you only for the remaining crop years,โ€ but they (i.e., the Priests and Levites) can sell even near the Jubilee [year].

ื•ื’ื•ืืœื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื โ€“ but if they (i.e., Kohanim and Levites) sold dwelling houses in a walled city, they are permanently sold at the end of the year like dwelling houses in a walled cities of an Israelite, but if they sold fields, they donโ€™t need to stand in the hands of the purchaser for two years, but rather, they redeem [them] immediately, if they wish.

ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื™ืจืฉ. ื‘ืชื™ ืขืจื™ ื—ื•ืžื” ืžืื‘ื™ ืืžื• ืœื•ื™:

ืื™ื ื• ื’ื•ืืœ ื›ืกื“ืจ ื”ื–ื”. ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืืžืจื•, ืชื ื™ ืื™ื ื• ื’ื•ืืœ ืืœื ื›ืกื“ืจ ื”ื–ื”. ื•ื”ื›ื™ ืงืืžืจ, ืื™ื ื• ื’ื•ืืœ ื›ืœื•ื™ื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ื”ื• ื’ืื•ืœืช ืขื•ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืœืœื•ื™ื, ืืœื ื›ืกื“ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื”ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืชื”ื ื ื—ืœื˜ืช ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ื”:

ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื•ื™ ืฉื™ืจืฉ ืืช ืื‘ื™ ืืžื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืืฃ ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ื’ื•ืืœ ื›ืœื•ื™, ืืœื ื›ืกื“ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื”ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื“ืœืขื•ืœื ืื™ื ื• ื’ื•ืืœ ื›ืœื•ื™, ืขื“ ืฉื™ื”ื ืœื•ื™ ื•ื‘ืขืจื™ ื”ืœื•ื™ื. ื“ืชืจื™ ืงืจืื™ ื›ืชื™ื‘ื™, ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ื•ื™ืงืจื ื›ืดื” ื˜) ื›ื™ ื‘ืชื™ ืขืจื™ ื”ืœื•ื™ื ื”ื™ื ืื—ื•ื–ืชื, ื“ืžืฉืžืข ื“ื‘ืขืจื™ ื”ืœื•ื™ื ืชืœื” ืจื—ืžื ื, ืœืืคื•ืงื™ ื‘ืŸ ืœื•ื™ ืฉื™ืจืฉ ืื‘ื™ ืืžื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ืฉื) ื•ืืฉืจ ื™ื’ืืœ ืžืŸ ื”ืœื•ื™ื, ื“ืžืฉืžืข ืœืžืงืฆืช ืœื•ื™ื ื ืชืชื™ ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื’ืื•ืœ ื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื, ืœืืคื•ืงื™ ื‘ืŸ ืœื•ื™ ื”ื‘ื ืžืŸ ื”ืžืžื–ืจืช ื•ืžืŸ ื”ื ืชื™ื ื” ืฉืื™ื ื• ื’ื•ืืœ ืœืขื•ืœื, ื•ื›ืœ ืฉื›ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื™ืจืฉ ืืช ืื‘ื™ ืืžื• ืœื•ื™, ื“ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื’ืžื•ืจ ื”ื•ื, ืฉืื™ื ื• ื’ื•ืืœ ืœืขื•ืœื:

ืื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืžื•ืจื™ื. ืื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื“ื’ืื•ืœืช ืขื•ืœื ืืžื•ืจื™ื, ืืœื ื‘ืขืจื™ ื”ืœื•ื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ืขื“ ืฉื™ื”ื ืœื•ื™ ืœื ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ. ื•ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ื—ื›ืžื™ื:

ืžื’ืจืฉ. ืžืงื•ื ืคื ื•ื™ ืžื›ืœื•ื, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืœื ื–ื•ืจืขื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืืœื ื ื•ื™ ื”ื•ื ืœืขื™ืจ:

ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืฉื™ืŸ ืฉื“ื” ืžื’ืจืฉ ื•ื›ื•ืณ ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ืฉื) ื•ืฉื“ื” ืžื’ืจืฉ ืขืจื™ื”ื ืœื ื™ืžื›ืจ, ืžืื™ ืœื ื™ืžื›ืจ, ืื™ืœื™ืžื ืœื ื™ืžื›ืจ ื›ืœืœ, ื”ื ืžื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื’ืื•ืœืช ืขื•ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืœืœื•ื™ื, ืžื›ืœืœ ื“ืžื–ื“ื‘ืŸ, ืืœื ืžืื™ ืœื ื™ืžื›ืจ, ืœื ื™ืฉืชื ื”:

ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื—ืจื™ื‘ื•. ืืช ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืืจืฅ:

ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื. ื•ืœื ื›ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืžื›ื•ืจ ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืฉืชื™ ืฉื ื™ื ืงื•ื“ื ื”ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ื”ื• (ืฉื) ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื ื™ ืชื‘ื•ืื•ืช ื™ืžื›ืจ ืœืš, ืื‘ืœ ืืœื• ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืกืžื•ืš ืœื™ื•ื‘ืœ:

ื•ื’ื•ืืœื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื. ืื ื‘ืชื™ ืขืจื™ ื—ื•ืžื” ืžื›ืจื• ืื™ื ืŸ ื ื—ืœื˜ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ื” ื›ื‘ืชื™ ืขืจื™ ื—ื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืื ืฉื“ื•ืช ืžื›ืจื•, ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ืŸ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื™ื“ ื”ืœื•ืงื— ืฉืชื™ ืฉื ื™ื ืืœื ื’ื•ืืœื™ื ืžื™ื“ ืื ื™ืจืฆื•:

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