Today's Mishnah Yomi
Taanis 4:1 - 4:2
The Mishnah Yomi for Wednesday, June 6, 2029 is Taanis 4:1 - 4:2
Mishnah 1
Change text layout:
Mishnayos Taanis Perek 4 Mishnah 1
תענית פרק ד׳ משנה א׳
Bartenura
בשלשה פרקים בשנה וכו׳ הכי קאמר, בשלשה פרקים שהם תעניות ומעמדות ויוה״כ דמסיק בתר הכי, כהנים נושאין את כפיהם בכל תפלה, דהיינו שחרית מנחה ונעילה. ויש יום אחד באלו הפרקים שנושאים כפיהם ארבעה פעמים ביום, והוא יוה״כ, שיש בו תפלת מוסף. ומתניתין ר׳ מאיר היא, דאמר יש נשיאות כפים במנחה בתעניות ובמעמדות, דכל יומא טעמא מאי אין נשיאות כפים במנחה משום שכרות, והאידנא ליכא שכרות. ור׳ יוסי פליג עליה ואמר דגזרינן מנחה של תענית אטו מנחה דכל יומא. והלכה כרבי יוסי בתעניות ובמעמדות וביום הכפורים דאית בהו תפלת נעילה, אבל בתעניות שאין מתפללין בהן נעילה פרשי כהני ידייהו במנחתא דתעניתא, כיון דסמוך לשקיעת החמה, מצלי לה כתפלת נעילה דמיא, ומנחתא כהאי ליתא בכל יומא, הלכך לא גזרו בה:
בתעניות ובמעמדות. הכי קאמר ואלו הן שלשה פרקים, תעניות ומעמדות ויוה״כ:
ומעמדות. אנשי מעמד היו מתענים ארבעה ימים בשבוע:
Mishnah 2
Mishnayos Taanis Perek 4 Mishnah 2
תענית פרק ד׳ משנה ב׳
Bartenura
אלו הן מעמדות – What is the reason that it is said? What is the reason that they decreed the posts? Since it is stated (Numbers 28:2): “Command the Israelite people and say to them: Be punctilious in presenting to Me at stated times [the offerings of food due Me, as offerings by fire of pleasing odor to Me].”
על כל משמר ומשמר היה מעמד – from part of the tribes of Israel who were divided into twenty-four sections, messengers from all Israel to stand over the sacrifices with the Kohanim and Levites of each division of Kohanim (i.e., guard).
וישראל שבאותו משמר מתכנסין לעריהם – Those who were far from Jerusalem and were not able to go up and stand over their sacrifice with their division, we gather in the synagogues in their cities and fast and pray and read from the Torah each day the Creation Story (i.e. Genesis, chapter 1), to announce that the world stands on the Divine Service that they do in the Temple.
אלו הן מעמדות. מה טעם קאמר, מה טעם תקנו מעמדות לפי שנאמר צו את בני ישראל וגו׳:
על כל משמר ומשמר היה מעמד. מקצת שבטי ישראל חלוקים לכ״ד חלקים, שלוחים מכל ישראל לעמוד על הקרבן עם הכהנים והלוים שבאותו משמר:
וישראל שבאותו משמר מתכנסין לעריהם. אותם שהיו רחוקים מירושלים ולא היו יכולים לעלות לעמוד על הקרבן במשמר שלהן, מתכנסים בבתי כנסיות בעריהן ומתענים ומתפללים וקורין בתורה בכל יום במעשה בראשית להודיע שהעולם עומד על העבודה שעושים במקדש:
Mishnah Yomi FAQ
What is Mishnah Yomi?
Mishnah Yomi is a daily study program where participants study two mishnayot (individual teachings from the Mishnah) every day. By following this program, one can complete the entire Mishnah in about six years.
What is the Mishnah?
The Mishnah is the first major written collection of Jewish oral traditions, forming the basis of the Talmud. It dates back to around 200 CE and consists of teachings and discussions of Jewish law by various rabbis.
Who started the Mishnah Yomi program?
In 1934, the Kozoglover Gaon, Rav Aryeh Tzvi Frommer, who took over from Rav Meir Shapiro (the founder of Daf Yomi) as the head of Yeshivas Chachmei Lublin, initiated the Mishnah Yomi cycle, focusing on Seder Zeraim and Seder Taharos. After World War II, in 1947, Rav Yonah Sztencl, a disciple of Rav Frommer, expanded the program, advocating for a comprehensive study of Shishah Sidrei Mishnah. The idea of studying two Mishnayos daily gained the support of figures like Rav Isser Zalman Meltzer, the Tchebiner Rov, and the Gerer Rebbe, marking the formal inception of Mishnah Yomi.
How long does it take to complete the Mishnah with Mishnah Yomi?
Following the Mishnah Yomi program, one can complete the Mishnah in approximately six years.
Can anyone join Mishnah Yomi?
Yes, anyone interested in studying the Mishnah can start the Mishnah Yomi cycle. There’s no need for prior knowledge; beginners are welcome.
Do I need to know Hebrew to study Mishnah Yomi?
While the Mishnah is originally in Hebrew, there are numerous translations and commentaries available in various languages, making it accessible to anyone interested in studying.
Is there a specific time of day to study Mishnah Yomi?
There’s no designated time. Participants can choose a time that best fits their schedule.
Can I study Mishnah Yomi with a group?
Yes, many communities and synagogues organize group study sessions for Mishnah Yomi. Studying in a group can enhance understanding and foster camaraderie.
What if I miss a day?
If you miss a day, you can catch up by studying the missed mishnayot alongside the current day’s study or by dedicating some extra time until you’re back on track.
בשלשה פרקים בשנה וכו' – This is how it should be read: On three periods of time during the year, which are fast days, posts (i.e., divisions of popular representatives of Levites and Israelites deputized to accompany the daily services in the Temple with prayers) and Yom Kippur, that we offer up after this, Kohanim lift their hands [to bless the congregation] in each Amidah, that is, during Shaharit, Minhah and Neilah. And there is one day in each of these periods where they lift their hands four times during the day, and that is Yom Kippur, which has the Musaf prayer. And Our Mishnah is according to Rabbi Meir, who said that there is the lifting of the hands [of the Kohanim] at Minhah on fast days and posts, and every day, what is the reason why they don’t lift their hands at Minhah – because of being drunk, and today, there is no drunkenness. But Rabbi Yosi disputes this and says that we decree that Minhah of fast days is like the Minhah service of every day. And the Halakha is according to Rabbi Yosi on fast days, and on “posts” and on Yom Kippur which has the Neilah prayer, but on those fast days where we do not recite Neilah, Kohanim lift their hands at Minhah of the fast day, since it is near the setting of the sun we recite this prayer – as it is similar to Neilah, and a Minhah like this, we don’t have on every day. Therefore, they did not make decree to do this.
בתעניות ובמעמדות – And this is how it should be read: And which are the three periods? Fast days, posts and Yom Kippur.
ומעמדות – The men of the post would fast four days each week.